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1.
Electrical interference at mains power supply frequency can adversely affect the recording of evoked potentials and can be especially destructive in an operating room setting. We investigated 60 Hz interference in electrode cables running from subject to preamplifier and further examined methods to eliminate such interference. We conclude that braiding electrode wires is highly efficacious in such interference reduction, presumably by reducing the magnetic flux enclosed by the wires. We further indicate that the use of flexible metal hose fabricated from Permalloy 80 may effect further interference reduction. 相似文献
2.
Our goal was to determine and predict the effects of temperature, shear rate, hematocrit, and different volume expanders on blood viscosity in conditions mimicking deep hypothermia for cardiac operations. Blood was obtained from six healthy adults. Dilutions were prepared to hematocrits of 35%, 30%, 22.5%, and 15% using plasma, 0.9% NaCl, 5% human albumin, and 6% hydroxyethyl starch. Viscosity was measured over a range of shear rates (4.5-450 s(-1)) and temperature (0 degrees -37 degrees C). A parametric expression for predicting blood viscosity based on the study variables was developed, and its agreement with measured values tested. Viscosity was higher at low shear rates and low temperatures, especially at temperatures less than 15 degrees C (P: < 0.016 for all conditions in comparison with 37 degrees C). Decreasing hematocrit, especially to less than 22.5%, decreased viscosity. Hemodilution with albumin or 0.9% NaCl decreased blood viscosity more than hemodilution with plasma or 6% hydroxyethyl starch (P: < 0.01 for all cases). The derived mathematical model for viscosity as a function of temperature, hematocrit, shear rate, and diluent predicted viscosity values that correlated well with the measured values in experimental samples (r(2) > 0.92, P: < 0.001). IMPLICATIONS: A theoretical model for blood viscosity predicted independent effects of temperature, shear rate, and hemodilution on viscosity over a wide range of physiologic conditions, including thermal extremes of deep hypothermia in an experimental setting. Moderate hemodilution to a hematocrit of 22% decreased blood viscosity by 30%-50% at a blood temperature of 15 degrees C, suggesting the potential to improve microcirculatory perfusion during deep hypothermia. 相似文献
3.
Archana Ramireddy Harpriya S. Chugh Kyndaron Reinier Audrey Uy-Evanado Eric C. Stecker Jonathan Jui Sumeet S. Chugh 《Heart rhythm》2021,18(5):778-784
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Many individuals with depression want treatment, and most believe that psychotherapy will treat symptoms of depression, yet many do not initiate care beyond their primary care physicians. This becomes critical given the low to moderate adherence rate to antidepressant medications among depressed patients treated in primary care. Many are left untreated or under-treated. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether attitudes toward psychotherapy in a population of primary care patients newly diagnosed with depression influenced the likelihood that they initiated psychotherapy. Participants were asked to complete two attitudinal questionnaires and respond to a three-month follow-up phone call regarding therapy initiation. Reported attitudes toward psychotherapy were positive. Many perceived therapy as both effective and preferred over medications. Despite positive attitudes, the rate of initiation into psychotherapy remained alarmingly low. 相似文献
6.
Irreversible spinal cord injury as a complication of subarachnoid ethanol neurolysis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
ARTICLE ABSTRACT: Subarachnoid neurolysis using ethanol to destroy selectively the posterior roots of the spinal cord is a method for providing pain relief in patients with advanced cancer. Weakness of the extremities is a complication of the procedure that has been attributed to spread of the neurolytic agent to the anterior roots. The authors provide evidence of spinal cord injury as a cause of lower extremity weakness in a patient after subarachnoid ethanol neurolysis. 相似文献
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Stecker EC Strelich KR Chugh SS Crispell K McAnulty JH 《Journal of cardiac failure》2005,11(6):464-472
BACKGROUND: Arrhythmias frequently occur after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). METHODS AND RESULTS: The most common are ventricular premature complexes, atrial premature complexes, sinus or junctional bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter, all of which have varying clinical significance depending on associated or causative conditions. Unique etiologic factors such as allograft rejection, transplant coronary artery disease, and altered anatomy and autonomic nervous system changes require that arrhythmias be treated differently after OHT compared with the general population. CONCLUSION: The potentially severe ramifications of allograft rejection and coronary artery disease make treatment of these disorders in the setting of arrhythmias as important as treating the arrhythmias themselves. At the same time, autonomic denervation and altered anatomy after transplantation complicate drug and device therapies. 相似文献
10.
Kremer M Ott G Nathrath M Specht K Stecker K Alexiou C Quintanilla-Martinez L Fend F 《The Journal of pathology》2005,205(1):92-101
Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas are infrequent, typically solitary, plasma cell neoplasms that generally pursue an indolent clinical course but may, rarely, convert to multiple myeloma. Phenotypic differences between these two entities are not well defined. Twenty-eight cases of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma and 26 cases of both medullary (n = 17) and extramedullary (n = 9) multiple myeloma were analysed for the expression of proteins known to play a role in the biology of multiple myeloma. Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin wax sections using antibodies against cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, p27, p21, p53, MIB1, CD20, and CD56. Twenty-three extramedullary plasmacytomas were localized in the upper aerodigestive tract, four in the lymph nodes, and one in the testis. There was a strong male predominance (M : F = 6 : 1). None of the patients died from the disease or progressed to multiple myeloma (mean follow-up 50 months). Nine patients developed local relapse and one patient's tumour evolved into a B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In contrast to both intra- and extra-medullary multiple myeloma, extramedullary plasmacytoma showed absence of cyclin D1 (p < 0.001) and infrequent expression of CD56 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, extramedullary plasmacytomas were characterized by weaker staining for Bcl-2 protein and rare overexpression of p21 and p53. In comparison to extramedullary multiple myeloma, extramedullary plasmacytoma showed a more mature morphology and lower proliferation indices (p = 0.008). There was no association between the phenotypic parameters investigated and clinical outcome in extramedullary plasmacytoma. In summary, extramedullary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma show significant immunophenotypic differences, some of which may be of both diagnostic utility and biological relevance. 相似文献