大鼠脑缺血时脑细胞膜磷脂含量变化

采用SD大鼠一侧大脑中动脉阻断致局限性脑缺血模型。脑缺血后迅速断头置于液氮中,HPLC外标定量法测定各磷脂组分。观察脑缺血1、5、15、60、360min时脑细胞膜磷脂含量变化。结果显示,PI在缺血早期显著低于对照组(P<0.01～0.05);PE、PC早期仅呈下降趋势,PE在缺血60min组、PC缺血360min组显著低于对照组(P<0.01～0.05)。PS在缺血全过程中变化轻微(P>0.05)。提示磷脂降解与脑缺血存在一定关系,缺血早期首先出现脑细胞膜功能磷脂降解,膜结构磷脂则在缺血后期出现显著变化,且PE较PC优先降解。     

医疗器械不良事件监测-现状与展望

介绍医疗器械不良事件的基本概念,论述美国、欧盟、日本和有关国际组织关于医疗器械不良事件监测的管理规定,并回顾和展望我国在该领域的相关工作.     

Denervation of taste buds in the rabbit

Twenty-five rabbits were used to study the effect of glossopharyngeal nerve transection upon the number, size and cellular constitution of the taste buds. The glossopharyngeal nerve was cut on one side, the other being left undisturbed as a control. The animals were sacrificed in groups of three after 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 days, and 2 and 4 months after the operation. Seven days after the operation the size and number of intragemmal cells were decreased in the taste buds. The taste pores with hairlets passing through them disappeared. The number of taste buds on circumvallate papillae decreased. After ten days taste buds in both types of papillae showed signs of degeneration. Fourteen days after the operation there was a marked decrease in size and number of taste buds. The circumvallate papillae now possessed no taste buds. After 21 days few taste buds were present in foliate gutters. These consisted of one or two sustentacular cells each. After 30 days there were no taste buds on foliate papillae, and thickness of the epithelium lining the gutters was decreased. Two or four months after denervation, the foliate gutters were shallow and some had become flattened. The importance of the gustatory nerve for development and maintenance of the normal status of the taste buds is discussed.     

流感病毒血凝素基因工程抗体的抗病毒实验效果观察

目的：对昆虫细胞系统表达纯化的中和性流感病毒血凝素基因工程全抗体IgG-IV-2,IgG-IV-6进行体外和体内抗病毒效果的研究。方法：对比抗体应用前后病毒在MDCK细胞中的病毒滴度和动物模型中粘膜用药前后鼠肺内病毒滴度的改变，验证抗体的粘膜抗感染效果。结果：两株基因工程抗体使4．5log10TCID50滴度的病毒下降1／2的剂量分别为0．8μg和0．5μg；动物模型的粘膜给药表明使4．0log10TCID50的病毒下降1／2所需的抗体剂量IgG-IV-2为0．25mg/kg体重，IgG-IV-6为0．1mg/kg体重，联合应用时为0．08mg/kg体重。结论：获得的基因工程抗体具有体内体外的抗病毒效果，能够中和病毒毒力。     

Rapid array-based genomic characterization of a subtle structural abnormality: a patient with psychosis and der(18)t(5;18)(p14.1;p11.23)

Array-based copy number analysis has recently emerged as a rapid means of mapping complex and/or subtle chromosomal abnormalities. We have compared two such techniques, using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays in the evaluation of a 45-year-old woman with dysmorphic features, mental retardation, psychosis, and an unbalanced derivative chromosome 18, (46,XX, der(18)t(18;?)(p12;?)). Both array-based methods demonstrated that the additional material on chromosome 18 was of 5p origin. The 5p duplication mapped telomeric to 25.320 Mb (BAC array) and 25.607 Mb (SNP array), corresponding to the band 5p14.1. Both BAC and SNP arrays also showed a deletion involving chromosome 18p extending telomeric from 8.437 Mb (BAC array) and 8.352 Mb (SNP array), corresponding to the band 18p11.23. Molecular cytogenetic mapping using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) supported the array findings and further refined the breakpoint regions, confirming that the BAC and SNP chips were both useful in this regard. Both case reports and linkage analyses have implicated these chromosomal intervals in psychosis. The array-based experiments were completed over the course of several days. While these methods do not eliminate the requirement for traditional fine-mapping, they provide an efficient approach to identifying the origin and extent of deleted and duplicated material in chromosomal rearrangements.     

恒河猴肌注新型重组人肿瘤坏死因子的药代动力学

目的　研究新型重组人肿瘤坏死因子 (nrh TNFα)在恒河猴体内的药代动力学行为 .方法　采用 EL ISA法测定恒河猴 im nrh TNFα后的血药浓度 .结果　恒河猴按 40 μg·kg- 1 剂量 im nrh TNFα后 ,血液中的平均达峰时间为 1.7h;峰浓度的个体差异较大 ,范围为 5 75～ 112 0 ng· L- 1 ,平均峰浓度为 833ng· L- 1 ;药物在血液中的消除符合一房室模型 ,半衰期 T1 / 2 为 1.4～ 2 .4(平均 1.9) h.结论　 nrh TNFα im后 ,能被恒河猴吸入血 ,在血液中的消除符合一房室模型 ,在灵长类动物恒河猴的药代动力学行为与啮齿类动物小鼠的相类似 ,但吸收入血和消除均较小鼠的慢     

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Prader-Willi and "Prader-Willi-Like" patients

OBJECTIVE: To compare obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and symptoms in a group of patients presenting with "Prader-Willi-like" features but without the genetic abnormalities associated with PWS. METHOD: 16 patients aged 4 through 20 years were evaluated in a clinic specializing in the assessment and management of behavioral and food-related problems in PWS. Eight patients were found to have key features of the syndrome but did not have a PWS genotype. These PWS-like subjects were matched to 8 clinic patients with a confirmed deletion of the PWS critical region of the paternally derived chromosome 15. All subjects were evaluated for obesity, IQ, food-related problems, maladaptive behaviors, and non-food-related OC symptoms. RESULTS: There were no differences between the 2 groups with respect to measures of obesity, IQ, food-related difficulties, or overall maladaptive behaviors. The PWS group showed significantly greater numbers of OC symptoms and greater symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PWS have elevated numbers of OC symptoms and significant symptom-related impairment which are not explained by developmental delay, food-related difficulties, or obesity. OC symptoms are part of a behavioral phenotype that accompanies deletions on the proximal long arm of chromosome 15 in PWS.     

三种虫草抗氧化活性的化学发光法研究

为研究冬虫夏草、蛹虫草、蒙山虫草3种虫草的抗氧化活性，考察实验条件对结果的影响，采用化学发光法测定3种虫草清除超氧阴离子自由基的活性。结果显示，3种虫草的水提液中蛹虫草样品的抗氧化活性较高，蒙山虫草和冬虫夏草的抗氧化活性比较接近。提示：蛹虫草和蒙山虫草有着良好的应用前景，有望替代冬虫夏草应用于临床。     

192例恶性肿瘤患者应用重组人肿瘤坏死因子-α免疫功能与疗效的相关性分析

目的：观察重组人肿瘤坏死因子—α(rh—TNFα)静脉输注对恶性肿瘤患者细胞免疫功能的增强作用及影响因素，并分析其与rh—TNFα抗肿瘤作用的相关性。方法：选择具有明确病理诊断的复治或拒绝放、化疗的乳腺癌、恶性淋巴瘤、肾癌和恶性黑色素瘤患者，静脉输注rh—TNFα，100万U／m^2，每日1次，每周连续5日，连用4周为1个疗程。采用免疫荧光直标染色法染色，以流式细胞仪检测治疗前后患者外周血T细胞亚群、NK细胞变化，同时评价抗肿瘤治疗的疗效。治疗前后细胞免疫功能比较采用配对t检验，免疫功能变化与抗肿瘤客观疗效的相关性采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果：rh—TNFα给药后可提高患者外周血NK细胞和T细胞亚群数量，但CD4／CD8比值变化不明显，NK细胞和T细胞亚群的变化与rh—TNFα的抗肿瘤客观疗效的相关性不显著。结论：rh—TNFα具有一定的改善肿瘤患者细胞免疫功能的作用，但这种免疫增强作用可能不是其抗肿瘤疗效的最主要机制。