Vergütungsanspruch einer Kieferorthopädin nach Verzicht auf Ermächtigung

Abstrakt 1. § 95b Abs. 3 S. 1 SGB V normiert eine Schuldübernahme i.S. des § 69 S. 3 SGB V i.V. mit § 414 BGB. 2. Ein Vertrags(zahn)arzt, der in einem mit Kollegen aufeinander abgestimmten Verfahren oder Verhalten auf seine Zulassung verzichtet, ist im Anschluss hieran nicht berechtigt, nach Ma?gabe des § 95 Abs. 3 SGB V Versicherte der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung als Behandlungsf?lle, die erst nach dem Verzicht aufgenommen werden, zu behandeln. (Leits?tze des Bearbeiters)     

Cat-301 immunoreactivity in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of the strabismic amblyopic cat

Purpose: It was investigated whether alterations in neuronal structure and function occasioned by strabismic amblyopia also may be reflected in alterations in the expression on Y type neurons of a Cat-301 antibody sensitive antigen in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and cortex of our cat model of strabismic amblyopia. Methods/Results: The percentage of positively labelled cells was reduced in LGN laminae that received input from the deviated eye in strabismic amblyopic cats compared with normal cats. In the strabismic cortex, the density of immunopositive neurons was significantly reduced compared with normal, the effect being most pronounced in layer IV Conclusions: Despite previous physiological recordings indicating a decrease in X-cell associated acuity in strabismic amblyopia, the present findings imply that the changes in the early visual experience occasioned by strabismus also produce specific molecular changes in theY neuronal class.     

Evacuation of hematomas using liposuction technology: Technique and literature review

Established nonexpanding hematomas can be successfully treated with minimal morbidity using standard liposucstion techniques at the bedside or in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia. The authors presents a series of eight patients and discuss current concepts of dealing with this common and distressing surgical complication.     

Berücksichtigung von „KO-Leistungen“ bei der Bestimmung des Individualbudgets hausärztlicher Leistungserbringer

Abstrakt Bei der Bestimmung des Individualbudgets eines haus?rztlich t?tigen Vertragsarztes sind auch von diesem im Bemessungszeitraum zul?ssig erbrachte sog. „KO-Leistungen“ zu berücksichtigen. Es ist irrelevant, wenn diese Leistungen nach Ende des Bemessungszeitraums vom Leistungserbringer nicht mehr abgerechnet werden dürfen. (Leitsatz des Bearbeiters)     

Zur Zulässigkeit des Verzichts auf Zuzahlungen durch eine Krankenkasse im Rahmen integrierter Versorgung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Respiration in NREM and REM sleep after upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea

SUMMARY  To verify whether upper airway surgery in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome affects differently respiration in NREM and REM sleep, 22 patients were studied by polysomnography before and three months after surgical treatment. On the average, treatment improved respiration during both sleep states, but no significant interaction was found between sleep state and effect of surgical treatment. According to the response to treatment, three groups of patients were identified: the first group ( N = 6), with an improvement in apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI), percentage of sleep time spent in apnoea and hypopnoea (time in AH) and mean oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SaO₂) in both NREM and REM sleep; the second group ( N = 5), with an improvement in AHI only in NREM sleep, associated with improvement in mean SaO₂ in both sleep states; the third group ( N = 11), without any improvement in AHI and time in AH, either associated ( N = 5) or not ( N = 6) with an improvement in mean SaO₂ in both sleep states. An increase in the percentage of hypopnoeas out of the total AHI after treatment could partly account for the apparent discrepancy between AHI and mean SaO₂ behaviour in the subjects of the second group, but not in the patients of the third group who improved their mean SaO₂. Mixed apnoeas occurred before surgery in six subjects; they remained numerous after surgery only in two subjects who did not show any SaO₂ improvement. In conclusion, the degree of improvement in respiration after upper airway surgery was similar in every patient in NREM and REM sleep.     

Aboriginal status is a prognostic factor for mortality among antiretroviral naïve HIV-positive individuals first initiating HAART

Background  

Although the impact of Aboriginal status on HIV incidence, HIV disease progression, and access to treatment has been investigated previously, little is known about the relationship between Aboriginal ethnicity and outcomes associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We undertook the present analysis to determine if Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons respond differently to HAART by measuring HIV plasma viral load response, CD4 cell response and time to all-cause mortality.     

Enhancement of rapid eye movement sleep in the rat by actions at A1 and A2a adenosine receptor subtypes with a differential sensitivity to atropine

The adenosine agonist cyclohexaladenosine injected into the medial pontine reticular formation of the rat induces a long-lasting increase in rapid eye movement sleep. To investigate the adenosine receptor-subtype(s) mediating this effect, the dose-response relationships for increasing rapid eye movement sleep by two highly selective adenosine receptor agonists were compared. Rats were surgically prepared for chronic sleep recording and bilateral guide cannulae were aimed at medial sites in the caudal, oral pontine reticular formation. Injections were made unilaterally in 60 nl volumes within 1 h after lights-on. The adenosine agonists used were A1-selective cyclohexaladenosine (10(-6)-10(-4) M) and A2a-selective CGS 21680 (10(-7)-10(-3) M). Each animal also received a series of three, paired-consecutive injections of the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine (4x10(-3) M) followed by the lowest effective dose of each agonist or saline as control. The A2a receptor agonist, CGS 21680, was one order of magnitude more potent than the A1 receptor agonist, cyclohexaladenosine, in inducing rapid eye movement sleep increases. Preinjection of atropine at a dose that did not itself affect rapid eye movement sleep resulted in antagonism of CGS 21680, but not cyclohexaladenosine-induced rapid eye movement sleep.The differential sensitivity of these ligands to antagonism by atropine supports the conclusion that both A1 and A2a adenosine receptor subtypes in the reticular formation subserve agonist-induced rapid eye movement sleep and that they do so by independent mechanisms. The A2a mechanism requires the cholinergic system and may act through the increased release of acetylcholine. The A1 mechanism operates at a different locus possibly through an inhibition of GABA neurotransmission.