青霉素配伍利多卡因后的药物动力学研究

本文报道青霉素配伍利多卡因后的药物动力学及生物利用度研究结果,证明利多卡因对青霉素的生物利用度无影响,且可促进青霉素的吸收,为良好的青霉素无痛溶媒,建议推广使用。     

100例SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的 :探讨SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化。方法 :采用流式细胞仪检测10 0例SARS住院患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群。结果 :与正常组比较 ,SARS组白细胞总数显著下降 ,淋巴细胞百分数和绝对数显著下降 ,粒细胞绝对数显著下降 ,CD3 、CD4 、CD8 细胞绝对数显著下降 ,CD4 细胞百分数 ,CD8 细胞百分数及CD4 /CD8 比值差异无统计学意义。比较SARS患者各病程CD3 、CD4 、CD8 ,于病程第一至第三周较第四周下降明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,病程第一至第三周之间差别无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;结论 :SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化对阐明SARS的发病机制有一定意义。     

Membrane fluidity and platelet aggregation: dibucaine permits ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation with low-molecular-weight von Willebrand multimers.

The effects of brief incubation of platelets with dibucaine were studied. Membrane fluidity was increased after incubation with 1 mM dibucaine for 1 min as determined by fluorescence polarization. Platelet aggregation was increased when ristocetin was employed as modulator and normal plasma used as a source of von Willebrand factor (vWF). In contrast, aggregation was decreased with botrocetin. After cryoprecipitation the supernatant, which contained predominantly low-molecular-weight vWF multimers, was effective with ristocetin only after prior incubation of the platelets with dibucaine. This indicates that low-molecular-weight vWF multimers can also support ristocetin-induced aggregation when the membrane fluidity is increased. This idea was supported by the use of plasma from a patient with von Willebrand disease type IIa. Being a multimeric protein, von Willebrand factor contains multiple binding sites for glycoprotein Ib (GP Ib). GP Ib-dependent aggregation by agents that do not contain multiple binding sites, i.e. wheat germ agglutinin or polyclonal antibodies to GP Ib, was decreased after brief incubation with dibucaine. These observations are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that the increased membrane fluidity allows an increased number of GP Ib molecules to bind to each vWF multimer.     

银杏叶提取物联合盐酸文拉法辛对抑郁大鼠海马nNOS蛋白表达及NO水平的影响

目的 :探讨抑郁症脑损伤的机制 ,研究银杏叶提取物 (EGb)及合成抗抑郁药盐酸文拉法辛(Venlafaxine)对抑郁大鼠的抗脑损伤及神经元保护作用。方法 :慢性应激建立大鼠抑郁模型。将 84只雄性大鼠分为正常对照组、抑郁模型组和不同治疗组。快速断头法处死 ,取海马后一侧进行免疫组化反应 ,观察海马CA3区nNOS蛋白的表达 ;另一侧检测NO含量 ;同时测定血清中NO含量。结果 :抑郁模型组海马nNOS表达增加 ,海马及血清中NO含量增加 ,P <0 0 1;联合用药组海马nNOS表达下降 ,海马及血清中NO含量减少 ,P <0 0 1。结论 :慢性应激增加海马nNOS表达 ;EGb有减轻神经元损伤 ,保护神经元的作用 ,其与Venlafaxine合用可能会达到对抑郁进行多靶点、多层次的治疗 ,弥补单一用药的不足。     

强的松对大白鼠心肺肝脾肾影响的病理改变

为了解强的松对心肺肝脾肾影响的病理改变,应用正常Wistar大白鼠28只,分实验组及对照组各14只。实验组给予相当于人2mg/kg.d等效剂量的强的松片剂溶入当日饮水中,对照组饮自来水,共10周,之后解剖光镜见对照组心肺肝脾肾及实验组心肺均无异常。实验组肝肾轻度充血,脾充血明显,且见较多舍铁血黄素沉着,以红髓边缘明显。证实常规剂量的强的松对肝脾肾也有一定不良影响,应用激素时要注意及时调整剂量和给药方式与时间,尽量减少副作用。     

郑州市4123名中学生吸烟状况调查

目的：了解郑州市中学生吸烟状况。方法：采用问卷法对６所中学４１２３名学生进行吸烟状况调查。结果：中学生总吸烟率为４５１６％（１８６２／４１２３）。其中,高中组吸烟率（５０４９％）高于初中组（３９４９％）,男生吸烟率（７０１９％）明显高于女生（３１５％）,且中学生吸烟的严重性随年龄的增加而增加;父母的文化程度、周围人群的吸烟情况与学生吸烟率有密切关系。结论：中学生吸烟问题较重,为保护中学生的身心健康应大力开展卫生宣教。     

Effects of toluene on platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib and actin-binding protein

Effects of the organic solvent toluene on the platelet membrane receptor glycoprotein Ib (GP Ib) and the cytoskeletal protein, actin-binding protein (ABP), were studied and related to the effects of the local anesthetic dibucaine. The glycocalicin-region of GP Ib contains the binding site for von Willebrand factor; intracellularly GP Ib is linked to the cytoskeleton via ABP. Both GP Ib and ABP are substrates for a calcium-dependent protease, calpain. Washed platelets were incubated with toluene or dibucaine. The toluene concentration in the platelet suspension was analysed by gas chromatography. Using 1.5-2.8 mmol/L toluene, calpain was activated, leading to degradation of ABP and release of glycocalicin from GP Ib. The latter phenomenon was paralleled by a reduced von Willebrand factor-induced platelet agglutination. At lower toluene concentrations (0.3-1.4 mmol/L), degradation of ABP was not detected but an initial increased agglutination that declined to the control level with time was observed. These effects of toluene on the GP Ib-ABP complex are similar to those observed with 1 mmol/L dibucaine. The lowest toluene concentrations used correspond to those that have been found in blood from toluene abusers ("sniffers").     

妊娠期血清铁、叶酸、维生素B_(12)的调查分析

目的:观察妊娠期女性血液中铁、叶酸及维生素B12的变化情况。方法:将200名妊娠期女性分成早、中、晚期及足月妊娠四组,分别测定其血清铁、叶酸及维生素B12的水平,与对照组妇女的血清铁、叶酸及维生素B12水平进行比较。结果:自中期妊娠开始,随着妊娠月份的增加,孕妇血清铁、叶酸、维生素B12水平明显下降,晚期妊娠为最低,足月妊娠期水平略有回升。结论:妊娠期孕妇体内铁、叶酸及维生素B12的消耗增加,应适当补充。     

内毒素对心血管影响的研究进展

细菌内毒素(Endotox in)是革兰氏阴性菌(G-)细胞壁上的一种特有结构,细菌内毒素引起的内毒素血症和内毒素休克乃是临床常见的危重病症,它可引起多脏器损害(M ODS),直至休克死亡。内毒素对心脏损害逐渐引起重视,笔者将最近国内外有关内毒素对心血管影响的研究作一综述。