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Summary Haloperidol is a widely used neuroleptic drug for the treatment of acute and chronic psychosis. The use of haloperidol is
limited by extrapyramidal movement disorders such as Parkinsonism, akathesia, dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia (TD). Treatment
with haloperidol increases oxyradicals which are implicated in TD. Spirulina is widely used as nutritional supplement rich
in proteins and antioxidants. The present study is proposed to study the effect of spirulina on haloperidol induced TD and
oxidative stress by studying TD, various enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. Haloperidol 1 mg/kg/i.p
was used to induce vacuous chewing movements in rats. Spirulina maxima suspended in 1% between 80 at a dose of 45, 90 and
180 mg/kg were administered by gavage along with haloperidol from 21st day to 49th day of treatment. Spirulina supplementation
at a dose of 180 mg/kg significantly improved enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and decreased the tardive dyskinesia
induced by haloperidol. In conclusion, the results of present investigation suggest that spirulina decreases haloperidol induced
oxidative stress and TD by many mechanisms as it is cocktail of antioxidants. On chronic use it may inhibit haloperidol induced
reduced expression of DNA thereby increases the expression of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and protects against
oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration and TD. 相似文献
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Santhrani Thaakur Ravi Sravanthi 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2010,117(9):1083-1091
Epidemiological studies indicate that the intake of Mediterranean-style diet is inversely associated with risk of stroke,
cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Spirulina is widely used nutritional supplement rich in proteins and antioxidants. Evidence
demonstrates that the impaired energy metabolism and the excessive generation of reactive oxygen radicals contribute to the
brain injury associated with cerebral ischemia. In the present study, the protective effect of Spirulina was investigated
in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced focal cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats. Male albino
rats were divided into six groups: control, sham-operated group, ischemic control group, and Spirulina-pretreated groups (45,
90 and 180 mg/kg/p.o.). Spirulina was administered once a day, for 7 days. The rats were subjected to a 2-h right MCAO via
the intraluminal filament technique and 22 h of reperfusion. Pretreatment with Spirulina significantly reduced the histological
changes and neurological deficits. Spirulina at a dose of 180 mg/kg significantly reversed the elevated brain malondialdehyde
(MDA) content and restored the decreased activities of brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione
(GSH) indicating that Spirulina has the protective potential against cerebral ischemia injury and its protective effects may
be due to its antioxidant property. 相似文献
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Santhrani Thaakur G. Himabindhu 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2009,116(7):807-814
Haloperidol (HAL) is a widely used neuroleptic drug for the treatment of acute and chronic psychosis. Tardive dyskinesia (TD)
is a complex hyperkinetic syndrome consisting of choreiform and athetoid movements, which persists for months or years after
withdrawal. Increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive products are found in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of patients
treated with neuroleptics, especially those with movement disorders. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), a natural metabolic antioxidant,
is effective in both prevention and treatment of numerous types of neurological disorders. It is proposed to study the effect
of ALA on TD induced by HAL and to correlate it with oxidative stress by studying total antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation
(LP). HAL (1 mg/kg/i.p.) was used to induce vacuous chewing movements in rats. ALA was suspended in 0.2% carboxy methyl cellulose
at a dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg and was administered orally by oral gavage 1 h before HAL on 21st day of treatment. ALA
supplementation significantly decreased HAL-induced TD at a dose of 100 mg/kg and catalepsy dose dependently. ALA improved
TD and catalepsy by decreasing HAL-induced LP. ALA and its metabolite dihydro lipoic acid protect against HAL-induced TD and
catalepsy by scavenging reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. 相似文献
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