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1.
2.
无环鸟苷亲脂性前体药物脂质体的制备及体外抗病毒活性(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过将无环鸟苷(acyclovir,简称ACV)2’位羟基分别与月桂酰氯或棕榈酰氯进行酯化反应,制得亲脂性前体药物无环鸟苷月桂酸酯和无环鸟苷棕榈酸酯(分别简称为C12-ACV和C16-ACV),使脂质体包封率从ACV的29.9%提高到C12-ACV的95.6%和C16-ACV的97.1%;漏泄实验表明在4℃透析60h后,一半以上的ACV从脂质体中漏泄,而C12-ACV和C16-ACV的滞留率分别为70%和80%;体外抗疱疹病毒的试验中,在最低试验浓度0.044μmol/L时,ACV不显示抗病毒活性,而C16-ACV脂质体抑制细胞病变率达75%,说明前体药物通过与脂质体脂膜的结合增加了药物的进入细胞能力,从而提高了ACV的抗病毒能力。 相似文献
3.
When Marburg virus (MBGV) nucleoprotein (NP) is expressed in insect cells, it binds to cellular RNA and forms NP-RNA complexes such as insect cell-expressed nucleoproteins from other nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses. Recombinant MBGV NP-RNA forms loose coils that resemble rabies virus N-RNA. MBGV NP monomers are rods that are spaced along the coil similar to the nucleoprotein monomers of the rabies virus N-RNA. High salt treatment induces tight coiling of the MBGV NP-RNA, again a characteristic observed for other nonsegmented negative-strand virus N-RNAs. Electron microscopy of fixed Marburg virus particles shows that the viral nucleocapsid has a smaller diameter than the free, recombinant NP-RNA. This difference in helical parameters could be caused by the interaction of other viral proteins with the NP-RNA. A similar but opposite phenomenon is observed for rhabdovirus nucleocapsids that are condensed by the viral matrix protein upon which they acquire a larger diameter. Finally, there appears to be an extensive and regular protein scaffold between the viral nucleocapsid and the membrane that seems not to exist in the other negative-strand RNA viruses. 相似文献
4.
Development of hatching blastocysts from immature human oocytes following in-vitro maturation and fertilization using a co-culture system 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Hwu YM; Lee RK; Chen CP; Su JT; Chen YW; Lin SP 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(7):1916-1921
Recently, in-vitro maturation (IVM) of immature human oocytes recovered
from non-stimulated follicles has been applied in the treatment of
infertility. However, in previous reports, very few embryos cultured in
conventional medium have reached the expanded blastocyst stage following
in-vitro maturation and fertilization (IVM/IVF). The objective of this
study was to investigate whether the developmental competence of human
embryos following IVM/IVF could be enhanced by the use of a human ampullary
cell co-culture system. Immature human oocytes were aspirated from small
follicles at Caesarean section and then cultured in medium containing human
menopausal gonadotrophin for 36 to 48 h, followed by insemination. Zygotes
were randomly cultured either in conventional culture medium alone or in
the co-culture system. Of 48 embryos cultured in conventional medium alone,
all arrested at the 2-16- cell stage on day 3 after insemination. Of 46
embryos cultured in the co-culture system, 26 embryos (56.5%) arrested at
the 2-16-cell stage. Six embryos (13%) developed to the morula stage.
Fourteen embryos (30.4%) developed to expanded blastocysts and two
blastocysts were hatching on day 7 after insemination. We conclude that
co-culture significantly enhances the development of blastocysts in embryos
resulting from IVM/IVF.
相似文献
5.
The matrix protein VP40 from Ebola virus plays an important role in the assembly process of virus particles by interacting with cellular factors, cellular membranes, and the ribonuclearprotein particle complex. Here we show that the N-terminal domain of VP40 folds into a mixture of two different oligomeric states in vitro, namely hexameric and octameric ringlike structures, as detected by gel filtration chromatography, chemical cross-linking, and electron microscopy. Octamer formation depends largely on the interaction with nucleic acids, which in turn confers in vitro SDS resistance. Refolding experiments with a nucleic acid free N-terminal domain preparation reveal a mostly dimeric form of VP40, which is transformed into an SDS resistant octamer upon incubation with E. coli nucleic acids. In addition, we demonstrate that the N-terminal domain of Marburg virus VP40 also folds into ringlike structures, similar to Ebola virus VP40. Interestingly, Marburg virus VP40 rings reveal a high tendency to polymerize into rods composed of stacked rings. These results may suggest distinct roles for different oligomeric forms of VP40 in the filovirus life cycle. 相似文献
6.
Influenza B/Beijing/1/87 neuraminidase heads were isolated from virus via trypsin digestion and characterized by PAGE, N-terminal sequencing, electron microscopy, and enzyme activity. The heads were crystallized into two crystal forms; tetragonal plates, like other neuraminidase crystals described before, that diffract to medium resolution (3 A) and a new form consisting of trigonal prisms or needles that diffract to high resolution (at least 2 A). The gene segment coding for neuraminidase was sequenced and compared with the neuraminidase sequence of B/Lee/40. The deduced amino acid sequences for neuraminidase showed only a 7% difference, whereas those for the NB proteins differed by 20%. 相似文献
7.
Ynte M Ruigrok Rim Elias Cisca Wijmenga Gabri?l J E Rinkel 《Cardiovascular pathology》2008,17(1):40-47
BACKGROUND: Genetic factors are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of intracranial, ascending thoracic aorta, and infrarenal aortic abdominal aneurysms. Common genetic risk factors for these three types of aneurysms have been suggested. This review describes the results of whole-genome linkage studies on intracranial, thoracic aorta, and aortic abdominal aneurysms, and compares the genomic loci identified in these studies in search of possible common genetic risk factors for the three aneurysmal types. METHODS: A literature search of all whole-genome linkage studies performed on intracranial, thoracic aorta, and aortic abdominal aneurysms was performed. The genomic loci identified in these studies were described and compared in search of similarities between them. RESULTS: Five chromosomal regions on 3p24-25, 4q32-34, 5q, 11q24, and 19q that may play a role in the pathogenesis of two or more aneurysmal types were identified: 3p24-25 for thoracic aorta and intracranial aneurysms; 4q32-34 for aortic abdominal and intracranial aneurysms; 5q for thoracic aorta and intracranial aneurysms; 11q24 for thoracic aorta, aortic abdominal, and intracranial aneurysms; and 19q for aortic abdominal and intracranial aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS: Five chromosomal regions that may include common genetic factors for intracranial, thoracic aorta, and aortic abdominal aneurysms were identified. Further studies are needed to explore these chromosomal regions in different aneurysm patient groups and may further help to unravel the disease pathogenesis of aneurysms in general. 相似文献
8.
T. J. Ruigrok D. de Moes A. M. Slade W. G. Nayler 《The American journal of pathology》1981,103(3):390-403
Reperfusion of isolated rat hearts with calcium-containing solution after a short period of calcium-free perfusion results in irreversible cell damage (calcium paradox). Experiments were undertaken to study the effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the occurrence of the calcium paradox in rat heart muscle. DMSO (1.4 mol/l) was added to the calcium-free or the reperfusion medium. Cell damage was quantitated in terms of creatine kinase (CK) release, cardiac electrogram (CEG) changes, and ultrastructural damage. Reperfusion with calcium-containing solution without DMSO after calcium-free perfusion with DMSO resulted in massive release of CK, electrical arrest of the ventricles, and formation of contraction bands. Nearly 100% of the cells displayed the calcium paradox damage. Reperfusion with calcium-containing solution with DMSO after calcium-free perfusion without DMSO resulted in a moderate release of CK, and electrical arrest of the ventricles. The myofibrils remained in a relaxed state. Only 4% of the cells displayed the calcium paradox damage. These results indicate that DMSO does not protect rat hearts against the effects of calcium-free perfusion that predispose the myocardium to the calcium paradox. The calcium paradox damage is reduced, however, when DMSO is present during the reperfusion phase. 相似文献
9.
Relationship between HLA-DRB1 and DQ alleles and the genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Objective To study the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 and DQ alleles and the genetic susceptibility of type 1 diabetes in North Chinese children. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to amplify the second exon of DRB1 and DQ alleles, after which sequence specific olignucleotide probe (SSOP) dot blot hybridization techniques were used to analyze the amplified products. Results DRB1*0301, DQA1*0301, DQB1*0201 alleles and DRB1*0301-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype were significantly increased in patients, while DQA1*0103 and DQB1*0601 alleles were significantly increased in controls. The distribution of DR4 and DR9 haplotypes in patients and controls were not significantly different, but DR3/DR4 and DR4/DR9 heterozygotes were significantly increased in patients. Conclusions DRB1*0301, DQA1*0301 and DQB1*0201 confer susceptibility while DQA1*0103 and DQB1*0601 confer protection to type 1 diabetes. DRB1*0301-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype offers a predisposition to type 1 diabetes in North Chinese. Although the distribution of DR4 and DR9 in patients and controls had no significant difference, DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 heterozygotes were significantly increased in patients, showing that the susceptive effects of DR3 and DR4 or DR4 and DR9 haplotypes could be added up. 相似文献
10.