全文获取类型
收费全文 | 700篇 |
免费 | 44篇 |
国内免费 | 46篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 47篇 |
妇产科学 | 20篇 |
基础医学 | 78篇 |
口腔科学 | 37篇 |
临床医学 | 94篇 |
内科学 | 168篇 |
皮肤病学 | 10篇 |
神经病学 | 42篇 |
特种医学 | 138篇 |
外科学 | 33篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
预防医学 | 19篇 |
眼科学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 53篇 |
1篇 | |
肿瘤学 | 35篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 23篇 |
2013年 | 30篇 |
2012年 | 13篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 21篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 43篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 45篇 |
1997年 | 54篇 |
1996年 | 55篇 |
1995年 | 44篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有790条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Carel Bron Michel Wensing Jo LM Franssen Rob AB Oostendorp 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2007,8(1):107
Background
Shoulder disorders are a common health problem in western societies. Several treatment protocols have been developed for the clinical management of persons with shoulder pain. However available evidence does not support any protocol as being superior over others. Systematic reviews provide some evidence that certain physical therapy interventions (i.e. supervised exercises and mobilisation) are effective in particular shoulder disorders (i.e. rotator cuff disorders, mixed shoulder disorders and adhesive capsulitis), but there is an ongoing need for high quality trials of physical therapy interventions. Usually, physical therapy consists of active exercises intended to strengthen the shoulder muscles as stabilizers of the glenohumeral joint or perform mobilisations to improve restricted mobility of the glenohumeral or adjacent joints (shoulder girdle). It is generally accepted that a-traumatic shoulder problems are the result of impingement of the subacromial structures, such as the bursa or rotator cuff tendons. Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in shoulder muscles may also lead to a complex of symptoms that are often seen in patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement or rotator cuff tendinopathy. Little is known about the treatment of MTrPs in patients with shoulder disorders. 相似文献4.
5.
6.
7.
Volumetric development of the fetal telencephalon, cerebral cortex, diencephalon, and rhombencephalon including the cerebellum in man 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Fresh volumes of the human telencephalon, cerebral cortex, diencephalon, and of the rhombencephalon including cerebellum were determined in a series of 10 normal specimens ranging in age from 63 to 176 days after conception. The volumetric growth of these parts shows a nonlinear dependence on age with a smaller increase during the 3d ontogenetic month and a stronger increase from the 4th month on. These data were analyzed together with previous measurements of 28 brains taken from the Yakovlev Collection in Washington, D.C., and the Vogt Collection in Düsseldorf. These brains range in age from 137 to 22,900 days after conception. These samples were reproduced in a model using sigmoid logistic functions. The entire brain and all analyzed parts show a monotonous growth. The individual regions develop heterochronously. The diencephalon is the first part to reach its ideal volume, with a main growth spurt between 100 and 420 days after conception. The rhombencephalon including the cerebellum is the last, with its main growth spurt between 240 and 650 days after conception. The growth of the entire brain is determined to a great extent by that of the telencephalon, having a main growth spurt between 175 and 580 days after conception. The prenatal growth is described separately with the asymmetric sigmoid function according to Gompertz. This yields a better approximation of the data collected from the early prenatal period. 相似文献
8.
Andres A; Morales JM; Praga M; Campo C; Lahera V; Garcia-Robles R; Rodicio JL; Ruilope LM 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1437-1440
BACKGROUND: Cyclosporin has been shown to facilitate renal vasoconstriction
and to have an antinatriuretic effect. The existence of an interference of
cyclosporin with the vasodilating properties of endothelium mediated by
nitric oxide production could mediate these effects. On the other hand, the
infusion of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine has been shown to induce
renal vasodilatation and to facilitate natriuresis in normal volunteers. We
have investigated the renal effects of the administration of an infusion of
L-arginine in renal transplant patients chronically treated with
cyclosporin. To facilitate the analysis of the data the effects of the
administration of a similar dose of cyclosporin on renal function during
the infusion of a vehicle were also investigated during the administration
of a vehicle of L-arginine. DESIGN: Ten male renal transplant patients,
chronically treated with cyclosporin and with a stable renal function were
studied during 2 consecutive days after the administration of the usual
morning dose of cyclosporin. The first day they received an intravenous
infusion of vehicle and the second the infusion of graded doses of
L-arginine (50, 100, 150 mg/kg/h) during 3 consecutive h. RESULTS: The
first day, after cyclosporin administration a significant fall (P <
0.01) was observed in natriuresis and kaliuresis in the absence of changes
in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. After the
administration of L-arginine significant (P < 0.01) increases of renal
plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, and natriuresis were seen. The
increase in blood levels of cyclosporin after its administration did not
differ between days 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that
L-arginine facilitates renal vasodilatation and natriuresis in renal
transplant patients. Furthermore, the observed increase in sodium excretion
could indicate that L-arginine counteracts the antinatriuretic effect of
cyclosporin.
相似文献
9.
Does altered biomechanics cause marrow edema? 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
10.
Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 distinctively modulates T-cell cycling and expansion via toll-like receptor 2 signaling 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sturm A Rilling K Baumgart DC Gargas K Abou-Ghazalé T Raupach B Eckert J Schumann RR Enders C Sonnenborn U Wiedenmann B Dignass AU 《Infection and immunity》2005,73(3):1452-1465
Although the probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 has been proven to be efficacious for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, the underlying mechanisms of action still remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of E. coli Nissle 1917 on cell cycling and apoptosis of peripheral blood and lamina propria T cells (PBT and LPT, respectively). Anti-CD3-stimulated PBT and LPT were treated with E. coli Nissle 1917-conditioned medium (E. coli Nissle 1917-CM) or heat-inactivated E. coli Nissle 1917. Cyclin B1, DNA content, and caspase 3 expression were measured by flow cytometry to assess cell cycle kinetics and apoptosis. Protein levels of several cell cycle and apoptosis modulators were determined by immunoblotting, and cytokine profiles were determined by cytometric bead array. E. coli Nissle 1917-CM inhibits cell cycling and expansion of peripheral blood but not mucosal T cells. Bacterial lipoproteins mimicked the effect of E. coli Nissle 1917-CM; in contrast, heat-inactivated E. coli Nissle 1917, lipopolysaccharide, or CpG DNA did not alter PBT cell cycling. E. coli Nissle 1917-CM decreased cyclin D2, B1, and retinoblastoma protein expression, contributing to the reduction of T-cell proliferation. E. coli Nissle 1917 significantly inhibited the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gamma interferon but increased IL-10 production in PBT. Using Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) knockout mice, we further demonstrate that the inhibition of PBT proliferation by E. coli Nissle 1917-CM is TLR-2 dependent. The differential reaction of circulating and tissue-bound T cells towards E. coli Nissle 1917 may explain the beneficial effect of E. coli Nissle 1917 in intestinal inflammation. E. coli Nissle 1917 may downregulate the expansion of newly recruited T cells into the mucosa and limit intestinal inflammation, while already activated tissue-bound T cells may eliminate deleterious antigens in order to maintain immunological homeostasis. 相似文献