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1.
Hanna Putkonen Matti Holi Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino Jyrki Korkeila Markku Eronen 《Nordic journal of psychiatry》2013,67(2):148-151
This study examined Finnish psychiatric trainees’ views on their education. This was a survey study of nationwide data on Finnish psychiatric trainees in 2001. The quality of training was considered at least moderate by 84% of the respondents. Training on epidemiology, on taking history and status, and on psychopharmacology was considered the best. Quality was rated bad for training in leadership and administration, and educating the community. Research was done by 20%, and a personal clinical supervisor was appointed to 52% of the respondents. Offensive treatment had been experienced by 49% of the trainees in this study. Generally, studies of training also reflect strengths and weaknesses of the profession. Based on our results, it seems especially that training in leadership and in educating the community need to be improved; both of these are quintessential skills to survive in the struggle for economic and human resources. Furthermore, treatment of the trainees could still be better; attention should be paid to supervision of all trainees. Moreover, research must become more attractive. Psychiatry can be developed by the development of psychiatric training. 相似文献
2.
Klaus Ranta Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino Sari Fröjd Mauri Marttunen 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2013,48(4):533-544
Objective
This study examined longitudinal associations between direct and relational peer victimization (DV/RV) and self-reported social phobia (SP) among adolescents from 15 to 17 years of age, controlling for depression and family socioeconomic covariates.Methods
A total of 3,278 Finnish adolescents with a mean age of 15.5 years were surveyed at baseline (T1), and followed up 2 years afterwards (T2) their mean age being 17.6 years. In all, 2,070 adolescents were reached for the follow-up. Both types of victimization were assessed with structured questions, SP with the Social Phobia Inventory, and depression with the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory. Socioeconomic covariates were assessed with items from the Life Events Checklist. Frequency of victimization and SP were assessed at T1 and T2, and incidence and persistence from T1 to T2. Longitudinal associations between victimization and SP were examined with three logistic regression analyses with depression and socioeconomic covariates controlled for, with SP, DV, and RV in turn as the dependent endpoint (T2) variables.Results
Among boys a bidirectional association between DV and SP was found with DV both predicting SP [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.6] and being predicted by SP (OR 3.9). Among girls RV predicted SP (OR 2.8), but not vice versa, while depression in turn predicted DV (OR 4.3).Conclusions
Direct victimization and SP have a bidirectional association among boys, while among girls RV increases the risk of subsequent SP. 相似文献3.
A number of 14-16 year old Finnish adolescents taking part in the School Health Promotion Study (n=8787 in 1995, n=17643 in 1997) were surveyed about bullying and victimization in relation to psychosomatic symptoms, depression, anxiety, eating disorders and substance use. A total of 9 per cent of girls and 17 per cent of boys were involved in bullying on a weekly basis. Anxiety, depression and psychosomatic symptoms were most frequent among bully-victims and equally common among bullies and victims. Frequent excessive drinking and use of any other substance were most common among bullies and thereafter among bully-victims. Among girls, eating disorders were associated with involvement in bullying in any role, among boys with being bully-victims. Bullying should be seen as an indicator of risk of various mental disorders in adolescence. 相似文献
4.
Putkonen H Holi M Kaltiala-Heino R Korkeila J Eronen M 《Nordic journal of psychiatry》2005,59(2):148-151
This study examined Finnish psychiatric trainees' views on their education. This was a survey study of nationwide data on Finnish psychiatric trainees in 2001. The quality of training was considered at least moderate by 84% of the respondents. Training on epidemiology, on taking history and status, and on psychopharmacology was considered the best. Quality was rated bad for training in leadership and administration, and educating the community. Research was done by 20%, and a personal clinical supervisor was appointed to 52% of the respondents. Offensive treatment had been experienced by 49% of the trainees in this study. Generally, studies of training also reflect strengths and weaknesses of the profession. Based on our results, it seems especially that training in leadership and in educating the community need to be improved; both of these are quintessential skills to survive in the struggle for economic and human resources. Furthermore, treatment of the trainees could still be better; attention should be paid to supervision of all trainees. Moreover, research must become more attractive. Psychiatry can be developed by the development of psychiatric training. 相似文献
5.
Kosunen E Kaltiala-Heino R Rimpelä M Laippala P 《Child: care, health and development》2003,29(5):337-344
Background Early sexual activity has been widely studied in the context of pregnancies, substance use and antisocial behaviour, but the aspects of psychosexual health have received less attention. Aim To study the associations of early sexual activity and self‐reported depression. Setting A school survey in Finland in 1999 and 2000 in the eighth and ninth grades. Methods Adolescents with experience of sexual intercourse were studied (11 793 girls and 10 443 boys, mean age 15.5 years). Scores of 8 or more in the Beck Depression Inventory were regarded as indicative of self‐reported depression. Associations with sexual behaviour variables were analysed using logistic regression models. Results In both genders, self‐reported depression increased in proportion to the number of sexual partners and with the non‐use of contraception. A higher number of coital experiences correlated with depression only among boys. Adjusting for age and age at menarche/oigarche did not affect the associations detected. In stepwise logistic regression, an increasing number of partners increased the risk for self‐reported depression [for boys with at least five partners odds ratio (OR) 2.5, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.2–3.0, and for girls OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.3–3.2]. Boys and girls who did not use contraception showed roughly twice as high a risk as contraceptive users. However, girls with five or more coital experiences had a significantly lower risk for depression compared to girls with only one sexual intercourse. Conclusions Multiple sexual partners and non‐use of contraception may reflect a depressive disorder in both genders. While adolescent health service providers should be aware of the risk for depression among sexually active adolescents, the sexual health of depressed adolescents also warrants special attention. 相似文献
6.
Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2010,45(8):785-793
Objective
To evaluate whether adolescents committed to psychiatric inpatient care are the most disturbed, and whether psychosocial factors other than psychiatric symptoms are associated with commitment to and detainment in psychiatric care among adolescents. 相似文献7.
8.
The aim of this study was to study the associations between family structure, parental monitoring and maladjustment outcomes among middle adolescent girls and boys. Data was collected through a school-based survey of a nationally representative sample of 17,643 Finnish adolescents aged 14-16 years. The less the parents knew the adolescents' friends and whereabouts, the more common were all the maladjustment outcomes studied. Non-intact family structure was associated with maladjustment and had associations independent of parental monitoring. We conclude that parental involvement with adolescents is conducive to healthy development, and that adolescents need the protection provided by parental supervision. Knowing the adolescent's whereabouts and friends is a concrete and easily measurable way of assessing parents' involvement in the adolescent's life. 相似文献
9.
A 15-year national follow-up: legislation is not enough to reduce the use of seclusion and restraint 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Keski-Valkama A Sailas E Eronen M Koivisto AM Lönnqvist J Kaltiala-Heino R 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2007,42(9):747-752
BACKGROUND: Seclusion and restraint are frequent but controversial coercive measures used in psychiatric treatment. Legislative efforts have started to emerge to control the use of these measures in many countries. In the present study, the nationwide trends in the use of seclusion and restraint were investigated in Finland over a 15-year span which was characterised by legislative changes aiming to clarify and restrict the use of these measures. METHOD: The data were collected during a predetermined week in 1990, 1991, 1994, 1998 and 2004, using a structured postal survey of Finnish psychiatric hospitals. The numbers of inpatients during the study weeks were obtained from the National Hospital Discharge Register. RESULTS: The total number of the secluded and restrained patients declined as did the number of all inpatients during the study weeks, but the risk of being secluded or restrained remained the same over time when compared to the first study year. The duration of the restraint incidents did not change, but the duration of seclusion increased. A regional variation was found in the use of coercive measures. CONCLUSION: Legislative changes solely cannot reduce the use of seclusion and restraint or change the prevailing treatment cultures connected with these measures. The use of seclusion and restraint should be vigilantly monitored and ethical questions should be under continuous scrutiny. 相似文献
10.
Kaltiala-Heino R Fröjd S Autio V Laukkanen E Närhi P Rantanen P 《European child & adolescent psychiatry》2007,16(4):260-270
Background Rising health care costs and long waiting lists pose a challenge to public specialist level health services. In Finland, the
Ministry of Social Affairs and Health required all medical specialities to create a priority-rating tool for elective patients,
preferably giving a numerical rating ranging 0–100, with 50 as an entry threshold.
Objective To create and test the psychometric properties of a point-count measure for prioritising entry to public specialist level
adolescent psychiatric services.
Method Around 710 referred adolescents were given ratings on 17 items focusing on symptom severity, problem behaviours, functioning,
progress of adolescent development and prognosis. The structured ratings were compared to an overall assessment of need for
treatment on a VAS scale. In order to ensure that the tool was not inappropriately sensitive to confounding by non-disturbance
related factors, the associations between the structured priority rating and sex, age, referring agent, study site and diagnosis
were analysed.
Results Of the 17 items, 15 were included in the final priority-rating tool. The requirement than threshold score for entry to services
being set at 50 points necessitated scoring factors rather than individual items. Four blocks of items were formed: symptoms
and risks; impaired functioning; other relevant issues, and prognosis without specialist level treatment. Most of the referred
adolescents scored over the threshold of 50. When diagnosis was controlled for, scoring over 50 was largely independent of
age, sex, referring agent or study site.
Conclusion The structured priority ratings corresponded well with clinical global rating of need for care. The tool was not inappropriately
sensitive to age, sex, referring agent or study site. In the future, follow-up studies will be needed to evaluate the predictive
value of priority ratings. 相似文献