Deletion of aldose reductase leads to protection against cerebral ischemic injury.

Previously, we reported that transgenic mice overexpressing endothelin-1 in astrocytes showed more severe neurological deficits and increased infarct after transient focal ischemia. In those studies, we also observed increased level of aldose reductase (AR), the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway, which has been implicated in osmotic and oxidative stress. To further understand the involvement of the polyol pathway, the mice with deletion of enzymes in the polyol pathway, AR, and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD), which is the second enzyme in this pathway, were challenged with similar cerebral ischemic injury. Deletion of AR-protected animals from severe neurological deficits and large infarct, whereas similar protection was not observed in mice with SD deficiency. Most interestingly, AR(-/-) brains showed lowered expression of transferrin and transferrin receptor with less iron deposition and nitrotyrosine accumulation. The protection against oxidative stress in AR(-/-) brain was also associated with less poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of AR by Fidarestat also protected animals against cerebral ischemic injury. These findings are the first to show that AR contributes to iron- and transferrin-related oxidative stress associated with cerebral ischemic injury, suggesting that inhibition of AR but not SD may have therapeutic potential against cerebral ischemic injury.     

东部马脑炎病毒E2基因与GM-CSF共表达质粒的构建及其免疫原性初步研究

目的:利用粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)作为基因佐剂,提高东部马脑炎病毒E2基因重组质粒的免疫效果.方法:分别扩增E2基因与GM-CSF基因,连接进入含有内部核糖体插入位点(IRES)的真核表达载体中,构建共表达质粒.Lipofectamine2000介导转染真核细胞BHK-21,反转录PCR检测E2和GM-CSF两个基因的转录,Western印迹法和间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测细胞内E2基因表达产物的抗原性.通过肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,IFA法测定血清抗体效价,FACS测定免疫小鼠脾细胞中CD4 /CD8 淋巴细胞构成比,初步观察共表达质粒的免疫原性.结果:经酶切鉴定与序列测定证明重组共表达质粒中含有E2和GM-CSF两个基因且序列正确.转染细胞的反转录PCR可见E2和GM-CSF两个基因的转录.Western印迹结果可见转染细胞的裂解液在相对分子质量50 000位置有特异性条带.将转染细胞制成荧光抗原片,经IFA检测可见胞浆中出现特异荧光.免疫小鼠的最高血清抗体效价为1:160,但细胞免疫未观察到明显的提高.结论:构建的共表达质粒pE2-IRES-mGM-CSF具有良好的免疫原性,能有效刺激小鼠特异性体液免疫应答,提高了E2基因重组质粒诱导的血清抗体效价.     

改性的纳米羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸复合材料的亲水性与溶胀性研究

评价用聚乙二醇系列的表面改性剂PEG、F127及PELA改性的纳米羟基磷灰石／聚乳酸复合材料的亲水性和溶胀性，先对纳米羟基磷灰石进行表面改性处理后，再综合用传统的溶液共混、流延法及热压法将改性的和未改性的纳米羟基磷灰石分别与聚乳酸制备成复合薄膜。检测结果表明：改性剂分别被涂敷于纳米羟基磷灰石上，改性处理能够改善纳米颗粒在基材内的分布；改性的纳米羟基磷灰石／聚乳酸复合材料比未改性的对比材料的表面接触角小、表面能大、亲水性好、溶胀度大，达到饱和溶胀度的时间长。改性的纳米羟基磷灰石比未改性的羟基磷灰石改善基体聚乳酸的亲水性和溶胀性效果更显著。     

畸变产物耳声发射的产生源的研究

为了澄清畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)产生源的机制,本研究首先采用固定刺激声频率比,交替加抑制声和对没有抑制声作用下的DPOAE信号进行分解的方法进行对比研究,得出DPOAE的产生源至少具有两个或两个以上,并具有不同的产生性质的仞步结论.在此基础上,采用固定刺激声频率f2和扫描刺激声频率f1,逐步改变抑制声强度的方法.结果证明:DPOAE信号是由双源产生的,并且分别具有两种不同的性质.位于刺激频率f1和f2的最大交叠区且靠近f2位置处的产生源是主要的源并具有非线性相位的性质,产生具有较短潜伏期的信号.位于2f1-f2频率附近有另外一个产生源,该源产生的DPOAE信号具有线性相位性质,并具有较长的潜伏期.耳道中检测到的DPOAE是由两个不同的源所产生的DPOAE信号之和.     

Expression of cytochrome p450 and other biotransformation genes in fetal and adult human nasal mucosa.

Despite recent progress in the identification and characterization of numerous nasal biotransformation enzymes in laboratory animals, the expression of biotransformation genes in human nasal mucosa remains difficult to study. Given the potential role of nasal biotransformation enzymes in the metabolism of airborne chemicals, including fragrance compounds and therapeutic agents, as well as the potential interspecies differences between laboratory animals and humans, it would be highly desirable to identify those biotransformation genes that are expressed in human nasal mucosa. In this study, a global gene expression analysis was performed to compare biotransformation enzymes expressed in human fetal and adult nasal mucosa to those expressed in liver. The identities of a list of biotransformation genes with apparently nasal mucosa-selective expression were subsequently confirmed by RNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Further quantitative RNA-PCR experiments indicated that, in the fetus, aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 (ALDH6), CYP1B1, CYP2F1, CYP4B1, and UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 are expressed preferentially in the nasal mucosa and that ALDH7, flavin-containing monooxygenase 1, and glutathione S-transferase P1 are at least as abundant in the nasal mucosa as in the liver. The nasal mucosal expression of CYP2E1 was also detected. These findings provide a basis for further explorations of the metabolic capacity of the human nasal mucosa for xenobiotic compounds.     

Four 3D coordination polymers based on layers with single syn–anti carboxylate bridges: synthesis,structures, and magnetic properties

Four novel coordination polymers (CPs) based on a new 4-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl) picolinic acid ligands (H₃L), [M₃(L)₂(H₂O)₆]·4H₂O (M₃ = Mn₃, 1; Co₃, 2; Ni₃, 3, Co_1.01Ni_1.99, 4), have been hydrothermally synthesized, and structurally and magnetically characterized. In these isomorphous CPs, octahedrally coordinated metal ions are linked by the single syn–anti carboxylate bridge (μ-COO) to give linear trinuclear motifs. The motifs are connected through the other single syn–anti carboxylate bridge (μ-COO) to give a 2D (4,4) layer, and the layers are interlinked by the L ligands into 3D frameworks. Magnetic measurement indicates that antiferromagnetic interactions between metal ions are mediated through the single syn–anti carboxylate bridges in 1 and 2, while the same carboxylate bridges in 3 transmit ferromagnetic couplings. The bimetallic CP 4 shows interesting complicated magnetic behaviors due to the competition effect of Co(ii) and Ni(ii) ions.

Four 3D carboxylate-bridged metal(II) compounds were prepared. Mn(II) and Co(II) compounds show AFM interactions, while FM coupling is found in Ni(II) compound. The bimetallic shows interesting competition effect of FM and AFM interactions.     

多个癫痫相关基因多态性与拉莫三嗪治疗儿童癫痫血药浓度的相关性

目的 拉莫三嗪是儿童癫痫的一线治疗药物,其血药浓度与临床疗效个体差异较大,药效学和药动学通路多个相关基因突变可能是个体差异大的原因,本研究探讨代谢酶UGT1A4,转运体OCT1与ABCB1,受体SCN1A基因多态性与拉莫三嗪治疗儿童癫痫稳态血药浓度的相关性.方法 于2018年1月-2019年6月纳入杭州市第一人民医院单...     

中低温度热疗诱导骨肉瘤细胞株凋亡

目的:研究加热诱导成骨肉瘤细胞株(OS-9901)凋亡,为中低温度热疗辅助成骨肉瘤综合治疗提供理论依据. 方法:成骨肉瘤OS-9901细胞株分别经不同温度的热疗作用1 h,用TUNEL法染色及计数、透射电子显微镜观察其对骨肉瘤细胞株的诱导凋亡作用. 同时通过免疫组织化学染色,观察43℃ 1 h热疗对成骨肉瘤细胞株OS-9901的Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响. 结果:43℃作用1 h的成骨肉瘤细胞株继续培养6 h后出现大量异常细胞,透射电镜观察可见有典型的细胞凋亡特征性形态改变. TUNEL法染色后通过计数可见有42%的细胞凋亡比例. 免疫组织化学显示,43℃作用1 h的成骨肉瘤细胞株6 h后Bcl-2蛋白的表达明显减少. 结论:43℃作用1 h可以诱导成骨肉瘤细胞株OS-9901凋亡. 加热后成骨肉瘤细胞Bcl-2表达减少,从而进一步诱导发生细胞凋亡,为热疗诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的机制提供了部分理论依据.