Cephradine penetration of mandibular bone

The concentration of cephradine in serum and mandibular bone was assayed in 22 patients undergoing third molar surgery following a single 1-g intramuscular injection. Serum and cortical bone samples taken simultaneously contained mean cephradine concentrations of 12.41 micrograms/mL and 1.25 micrograms/g, respectively. These results, when compared with those reported for other bony sites, including femoral head and knee, show a reduced bone penetration with a bone-to-serum ratio of approximately 0.10:1.     

Canadian Independent Living Centres: impact on the community

There is now widespread interest in developing social policies and practices that are grounded in principles of independent living. The Independent Living (IL) paradigm reflects a shift in thinking away from traditional approaches to supporting persons with disabilities. Independent Living Centres (ILCs), which started in the early 1970s in the United States, and in the 1980s in Canada, are now a major force in the promotion of the IL concept worldwide. The guiding principles of these consumer-driven centres include: promoting an empowerment philosophy that incorporates consumer control/self-direction over decision-making; offering cross-disability support; providing options/choice and flexibility; and encouraging inclusion and full participation. Despite their prevalence, a surprisingly limited body of research exists on the impact of ILCs. A survey was used to investigate the impact of ILCs in Canada on their communities of interest (groups connected to the ILCs). Surveys were sent to formal organizations, informal groups, and family/friends. A final response rate of 52.6% was achieved (111 of 211 surveys returned). Overall, moderate to good levels of familiarity, involvement, and impact were found. The results affirmed the importance of independent living centres to individual empowerment, community change, and the IL movement.     

Predictors of general medical and psychological treatment use among a national sample of peacekeeping veterans with health problems

We investigated general medical and psychological treatment use predictors among peacekeeping veterans with health problems, aiming to find those characteristics most associated with treatment use intensity (i.e., visit counts). One thousand one hundred and thirty-two male Canadian Forces peacekeeping veterans registered with Veterans Affairs for health problems were randomly recruited for a prospective national survey. Regression analyses for treatment use intensity controlled for age, total time deployed and health problems (covariates), and examined the incremental contribution of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity on health service use intensity. Results revealed that after controlling for covariates, the depression and PTSD model was associated with increased medical and psychological treatment use intensity. Medical use intensity was significantly predicted by married status, greater depression and health problems; psychological treatment use intensity was predicted by younger age, greater PTSD severity and health problems. This study highlights the importance of an integrated primary care-mental health service delivery model for veterans.     

Biochemistry of glycosaminoglycans in the skin and oral mucosa of the rat

Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) were extracted by digestion with papain followed by ultrafiltration and separated by cellulose-acetate electrophoresis and by chromatography of their cetyl-pyridinium complexes on cellulose microcolumns. The uronic-acid content of the tissues ranged from 0.8 to 2.4 mg/g of dry defatted tissue. Hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulphate were found in all tissues with chondroitin-4-sulphate also in skin, palatal mucosa and gingiva. There was 3-fold more hyaluronic acid in palatal mucosa than in any other tissue; it was concentrated in the antemolar rugae. A substance of presumptive salivary origin staining with alcian blue was found in cheek and floor of mouth mucosa. It migrated differently from reference GAG by electrophoresis and was not degraded by testicular hyaluronidase.     

My Space,Your Space,Our Space: Exploring the Potential of Collaborative Group Facilitation Between Therapists and Peer Workers in Mental Health Settings

This paper explores the potential of collaborative group facilitation between therapists and peer workers in mental health. A case study of co-practice between a music therapist and a peer worker is used to illustrate how lived experience expertise can enrich and complement therapeutic groups. The paper aims to begin a discussion around collaborative group facilitation within mental health practice and to advocate for continued development of collaborative practice between peer workers and therapists. Experiences of collaboration are explored through the case study provided using a synthesis of the authors’ reflections and dialogue. The importance of role negotiation, role definition, and open communication around changing roles and boundaries are discussed as key considerations for beginning collaborations, as well as the establishment and maintenance of a foundation of trust and support within the working relationship.

     

Bone-mineral density and other features of the female athlete triad in elite endurance runners: a longitudinal and cross-sectional observational study

Low bone-mineral density (BMD) is associated with menstrual dysfunction and negative energy balance in the female athlete triad. This study determines BMD in elite female endurance runners and the associations between BMD, menstrual status, disordered eating, and training volume. Forty-four elite endurance runners participated in the cross-sectional study, and 7 provided longitudinal data. Low BMD was noted in 34.2% of the athletes at the lumbar spine, and osteoporosis in 33% at the radius. In cross-sectional analysis, there were no significant relationships between BMD and the possible associations. Menstrual dysfunction, disordered eating, and low BMD were coexistent in 15.9% of athletes. Longitudinal analysis identified a positive association between the BMD reduction at the lumbar spine and training volume (p=.026). This study confirms the presence of aspects of the female athlete triad in elite female endurance athletes and notes a substantial prevalence of low BMD and osteoporosis. Normal menstrual status was not significantly associated with normal BMD, and it is the authors' practice that all elite female endurance athletes undergo dual-X-ray absorptiometry screening. The association between increased training volume, trend for menstrual dysfunction, and increased loss of lumbar BMD may support the concept that negative energy balance contributes to bone loss in athletes.     

Validation of the deployment risk and resilience inventory in French-Canadian veterans: findings on the relation between deployment experiences and postdeployment health.

OBJECTIVES: This study had a twofold purpose: to validate the French-Canadian version of a measure of deployment risk and resilience factors and to examine the relation between deployment risk and resilience factors and postdeployment functioning. METHOD: Canadian veterans at an outpatient clinic (n = 131) completed a mail-in survey that included a measure on deployment risk and resilience factors, the Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory (DRRI) (1), as well as measures on psychological and physical health. RESULTS: Internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients for the DRRI scales were very good. As expected, DRRI risk factors were negatively associated with psychological and physical functioning, and DRRI resilience factors were positively associated with psychological and physical functioning. Low- as well as high-magnitude deployment risk factors were associated with functioning. CONCLUSIONS: The French-Canadian version of the DRRI is a reliable and valid measure of deployment risk and resilience factors. Deployment risk and resilience factors are associated with a host of problems in physical and psychological functioning for veterans.