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1.
M. Vrethem B. Lindvall S. Kihlstrand E. Bckman T. Brismar P. Fredman K.G. Henriksson 《European journal of neurology》1996,3(2):156-159
We report improvement in muscle strength in a patient with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) when given high-dose intravenous immunoglobin (i.v.-Ig) treatment. The patient had asymmetrical limb weakness, atrophy and absent or weak reflexes, but no sensory disturbances. Neurography showed multiple conduction blocks in peripheral motor nerves but no sensory nerve abnormalities. Serum and anti-GM1 antibodies were not found, however, the patient had serum antibodies against the glycolipid LK1, an epitope found both in glycolipid and also in some glycoproteins in peripheral nerve myelin. Muscle strength improved 5 days after i.v.-Ig therapy, and lasted about 10 weeks. Repeated courses of treatment resulted in similar improvement. This is, to our knowledge, the first patient reported with MMN found to have antibodies against the glycolipid LK1. 相似文献
2.
3.
Acute normovolaemic haemodilution decreases postoperative allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee replacement 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Olsfanger D.; Fredman B.; Goldstein B.; Shapiro A.; Jedeikin R. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,79(3):317-321
We hypothesized that the success of postoperative blood conservation after
acute normovolaemic haemodilution (NVHD) is influenced by the extent of
intraoperative bleeding and surgical trauma, and the timing of autologous
blood transfusion. As total knee replacement is associated with minimal
intraoperative but extensive postoperative blood loss, this procedure is
ideally suited to acute NVHD. Therefore, to test our hypothesis, 30
patients undergoing elective total knee replacement were enrolled in a
prospective, randomized, controlled study. In groups NVHD-2 and NVHD-6,
before induction of anaesthesia patients were bled to a target packed cell
volume (PCV) of 28-30%, and in the post-anaesthesia care unit autologous
blood was transfused over a 2-h period terminating after operation at 2 and
6 h, respectively. In the control group, NVHD was not performed. After
operation, platelets, fibrinogen, prothrombin and partial thromboplastin
time, and liver function, urea and electrolytes were measured and compared
with preoperative baseline values. Significantly (P < 0.024) more
allogeneic blood was transfused in the control group (21 u.) compared with
either group NVHD-2 (7 u.) or group NVHD-6 (5 u.). In the control group,
despite the allogeneic blood transfusion, postoperative PCV decreased until
day 4 after operation. Coagulation profile, liver function and urea and
electrolytes concentrations were unaffected by the method of treatment. We
conclude that for total knee replacement, acute NVHD is an effective blood
conservation strategy. However, there was no difference in allogeneic blood
administration between the two NVHD groups. Coagulation and liver function,
and urea and electrolyte concentrations were unaffected by treatment.
相似文献
4.
The physiological regulation of toll-like receptor expression and function in humans 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Graeme I. Lancaster Qamar Khan Pam Drysdale Fiona Wallace Asker E. Jeukendrup Mark T. Drayson Michael Gleeson 《The Journal of physiology》2005,563(3):945-955
Eleven mammalian toll-like receptors (TLRs 1–11) have been identified to date and are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses; however, the factors that regulate TLR expression and function in vivo are poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the physiological regulation of TLR expression and function in humans. To examine the influence of diurnal rhythmicity on TLR expression and function, peripheral venous blood samples were collected from healthy volunteers ( n = 8) at time points coinciding with the peak and nadir in the endogenous circulating cortisol concentration. While no diurnal rhythmicity in the expression of TLRs 1, 2, 4 or 9 was observed, the upregulation of costimulatory (CD80 and CD86) and antigen-presenting (MHC class II) molecules on CD14+ monocytes following activation with specific TLR ligands was greater ( P < 0.05) in samples obtained in the evening compared with the morning. To examine the influence of physical stress on TLR expression and function, peripheral venous blood samples were collected from healthy volunteers ( n = 11) at rest and following 1.5 h of strenuous exercise in the heat (34°C). Strenuous exercise resulted in a decrease ( P < 0.005) in the expression of TLRs 1, 2 and 4 on CD14+ monocytes. Furthermore, the upregulation of CD80, CD86, MHC class II and interleukin-6 by CD14+ monocytes following activation with specific TLR ligands was decreased ( P < 0.05) in samples obtained following exercise compared with at rest. These results demonstrate that TLR function is subject to modulation under physiological conditions in vivo and provide evidence for the role of immunomodulatory hormones in the regulation of TLR function. 相似文献
5.
X. He C. J. Wikstrand P. Fredman J.-E. Månsson L. Svennerholm D. D. Bigner 《Acta neuropathologica》1989,79(3):317-325
Summary Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reactive with ganglioside II3(NeuAc)2-LacCer (GD3) were generated; four of these mAbs (DMAb-21, DMAb-22, DMAb-23, and DMAb-24) by immunizing mice with GD3 adsorbed to Salmonella minnesota and the remaining three (DMAb-7, DMAb-8, and DMAb-17) with melanoma line SK-MEL 28, which contains 1.4 nmol sialic acid of GD3 per mg protein. The specificities of the mAbs were defined by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) immunostain and solid-phase radioimmunoassay (SP-RIA) with a panel of purified gangliosides. DMAb-7 and DMAb-8 reacted with GD3, IV3(NeuAc)2nLcOse4Cer(3,8-LD1), and very weakly with IV3(NeuAc)2II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer (GTla), but not with II3NeuAc-LacCer (GM3), II3NeuAcGgOse3Cer(GM2), II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer(GM1), II3NeuAc, IV3NeuAcGgOse4Cer (GD1a), II3(NeuAc)2GgOse3(GD2), II3(NeuAc)2GgOse4Cer (GD1b), IV3NeuAcII3(NeuAc)2, GgOse4Cer(GT1b), suggesting the binding epitope to be a terminal tetrasaccharide NeuAc2-8NeuAc2-3Gal1-4(Glc or GlcNAc). DMAb-7 and DMAb-8 were used to investigate the expression of GD3 on cultured human tumor cells of neuroectodermal origin. Thirteen of 19 gliomas, 3 of 5 medulloblastomas, 5 of 5 neuroblastomas, 2 of 2 melanomas, and 1 of 3 teratomas were shown to react with DMAb-8 and/or DMAb-7 by cell surface-RIA (CS-RIA) and immunofluorescence (IF) assays. HPTLC and densitometric analysis confirmed these results, as positive immunostains in the GD3 region were obtained with oligoganglioside fractions from 9 glioma, 1 medulloblastoma, 2 neuroblastoma, 1 melanoma, and 1 teratoma cell line. Glioma cell line U-105 MG and medulloblastoma cell line Daoy contain GD3 as shown by HPTLC immunostain analysis of extracts, although GD3 was undetectable on the cell surface as determined by CS-RIA and IF. There was no detectable GD3 found in gangliosides isolated from cell lines U-373 MG, D-54 MG, TE-671, and PA-1, which were negative for both DMAb-7 and DMAb-8 by CS-RIA and IF assay. Our results provide evidence that GD3 is expressed extensively with significant quantitative heterogeneity on cultured human neuroectodermal tumor cells including glioma, medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, and melanoma.Supported by NIH grants R37 CA11898, NS 20023, and CA32672 and by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (project no. 03X-627), Swedish Cancer Society (project no. 2260-B88-01X) and the National Swedish Board for Technical Development (project no. 84-4667) 相似文献
6.
J. Gottfries J. -E. Mansson P. Fredman C. J. Wikstrand H. S. Friedman D. D. Bigner L. Svennerholm 《Acta neuropathologica》1989,77(3):283-288
Summary The ganglioside patterns of medulloblastomas have never been established; in this study we report the ganglioside profile of the human medulloblastoma cell line TE-671 grown as a xenograft in nude mice. Gangliosides were isolated and structurally analyzed by fast atom bombardment mass spectometry following permethylation. Identification of individual gangliosides was also performed by immunostaining of high-performance thin-layer chromatography-separated bands. Total ganglioside levels of 0.20 mol/g of tissue were obtained, consistent with those reported for human glioma cell lines grown as xenografts; predominant monosialogangliosides of TE-671 xenografts were II3--NeuAc-LacCer (GM3) and II3--NeuAc-GgOse3 Cer (GM2) but there were also relatively large proportions of IV3--NeuAc-LcOse4Cer (3-isoLM1), IV3--NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer (3-LM1) and a further ganglioside of the neolactoseries with an extra lactosamine moiety. The only oligosialoganglioside detected was IV3, II3--NeuAc2-GgOse4Cer (GD1a).Abbreviations: The gangliosides have been designated according to Svenerholm [18] GM3
II3--NeuAc-LacCer
- GM2
II3--NeuAc-GgOse3Cer
- GM1
II3--NeuAc-GgOse4Cer
- 3-LM1
IV3--NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer
- 3-isoLMI
IV3--NeuAc-LcOse4Cer
- Fuc-3-isoLMI
IV3--NeuAc, III4-Fuc-LcOse4Cer
- GD1a
IV3, II3--NeuAc2-GgOse4Cer
- FAB-MS
Fast atom bombardment-mass spectometry
- GC-MS
gas chromatography-mass spectometry
Supported by NC1 RO1 CA11898 to Dr. Bigner and B8803X-00627-24B from the Swedish Medical Research Council to Dr. L. Svennerholm 相似文献
7.
Pam McGrath Carla Patterson Patsy Yates Sue Treloar Brian Oldenburg Colleen Loos 《The Australian journal of rural health》1999,7(1):34-42
The findings presented in this paper are part of a research project designed to provide a preliminary indication of the support needs of postdiagnosis women with breast cancer in remote and isolated areas in Queensland. This discussion will present data that focuses on the women's expressed personal concerns. For participants in this research a diagnosis of breast cancer involves a confrontation with their own mortality and the possibility of a reduced life span. This is a definite life crisis, creating shock and needing considerable adjustment. Along with these generic issues the participants also articulated significant issues in relation to their experience as women in a rural setting. These concerns centred around worries about how their partner and families cope during their absences for treatment, the additional burden on the family of having to cope with running the property or farm during the participant's absence or illness, added financial strain brought about by the cost of travel for treatment, maintenance of properties during absences, and problems created by time off from properties or self-employment. These findings accord with other reports of health and welfare services for rural Australian and the generic literature on psycho-oncology studies of breast cancer. 相似文献
8.
P. Fredman C. A. Vedeler H. Nyland J. A. Aarli L. Svennerholm 《Journal of neurology》1991,238(2):75-79
Summary Sera from 23 patients with acute Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS), 15 patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and from 40 age-matched blood donors were analysed for antibodies to acidic glycosphingolipids from human brain and peripheral nerve. Antibodies to ganglioside LM1, the major ganglioside of peripheral nerve myelin, were found in 43% of GBS and in 67% of CIDP patients' sera, and in 20% of the blood donors. However, anti-sulphatide antibodies were detected in 65% and 87% of the sera from GBS and CIDP patients, respectively, but only in 15% of the control sera. Sulphatide is the major acidic glycosphingolipid in myelin and its concentration in peripheral nerve myelin is 100 times higher than that of LM1. The high frequency of LM1 and, in particular of sulphatide antibodies, might thus be relevant to the pathogenesis of the GBS and CIDP.
Abbreviations: The ganglioside nomenclature used according to Svennerholm [24]. LM1, IV3NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer, GM1, II3NeuAcGgOse4Cer; GD1a, IV3NeAc,II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer; GD1b, II3(NeuAc)2-GgOse4Cer; GT1b, IV3NeuAc,II3(NeuAc)2-GgOs4Cer; LU1, sulphate-3-glucuronyl paragloboside; sulphatide, 3-sulphogalacto-sylceramide 相似文献
9.
Dr H. P. Drutz T. C. Mainprize Pam Tremblay K. R. Baker 《International urogynecology journal》1991,2(1):10-15
The combined effect of isopropamide 5 mg plus trifluoperazine 1 mg (a combined anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic antagonist) (Smith, Kline and French Canada Ltd, Ontario, Canada), antibiotics, and bladder drill was retrospectively assessed on 100 consecutive women, aged 16 to 47 years, presenting with the signs and symptoms of the urethral syndrome. Assessment included history, physical examination, routine bacterial and chlamydial cultures (cervical, urethral, vaginal, and urine), cystourethroscopy, and urodynamics. Urodynamic diagnoses included detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (n=84), detrusor instability (n =8), external urethral sphincter spasticity (n=4), and sensory urgency (n=1). Three patients with positive urine cultures were excluded. Urethrotrigonitis was visualized at cystourethroscopy in all patients. Only one case of chlamydial urethritis-cervicitis was identified by culture: 82% of patients had a history of prior antibiotic therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms and 21% were being treated with antibiotics at the time of their initial assessment.Following 1 month of treatment, 44 (45%) patients were cured of all symptoms, 49 (51%) were improved, 3 (3%) were unchanged and 1 (1%) was worse. Significant changes in uroflowmetry included a reduction in postvoid residual urine volume from 49 ± 28 ml to 14 ±21 ml (P=0.029) in the unstable bladder group and a conversion from intermittent to continuous uroflow patterns in the detrusor sphincter dyssynergia group (P <0.005, 2) and overall (P <0.005, 2). A statistically significant number of patients (P <0.025, 2) converted from increased to normal tracings on repeat perianal electromyography, suggesting that the pathophysiology of the urethral syndrome is urethral spasticity related to urethral inflammation rather than actual infection.We conclude that detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, bladder instability, and urethral sphincter spasticity are the common urodynamic findings in the urethral syndrome. A combination of anticholinergic and alpha blocking agent, antibiotics, and a bladder drill markedly improved (96%) symptoms in women with the urethral syndrome. 相似文献
10.
Perspectives on colorectal cancer screening: a focus group study 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Vivek Goel MD MSc FRCPC Ross Gray PhD Pam Chart MD CM Marg Fitch RN PhD Fred Saibil MD FRCPC Yola Zdanowicz MA 《Health expectations》2004,7(1):51-60
Objective To assess attitudes and acceptability of Ontario consumers and doctors towards colorectal screening with faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and colonoscopy. Design, setting and participants Focus groups with gender‐specific samples of the population, high‐risk gastroenterology patients and family doctors. Method Semi‐structured interview guides used by facilitator to lead groups through knowledge of risk factors and prevention of colorectal cancer, the screening modalities, requirements for implementing screening programmes, barriers to screening and preferences towards screening. Main findings There were low levels of knowledge about colorectal cancer and its prevention in the general population. FOBT was an acceptable screening modality, but considerable education about its use and benefits would be necessary to implement a screening programme. Colonoscopy was not perceived to be a good choice for a primary screen in the general population. The high‐risk group supported use of FOBT in the general population and emphasized the need for education. The doctors were more reluctant about screening, requesting clear guidelines. They also identified the time and resources that would be required if a screening programme were initiated. Conclusion While colorectal screening is acceptable in this sample, information and decision aids are required to enable consumers and providers to make effective decisions. Implementation of colorectal screening programmes requires substantial educational efforts for both consumers and doctors. 相似文献