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排序方式: 共有175条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
SHU H.; TEITELBAUM P.; EBB A. S.; ARPLE L.; RUNCK B.; EI ROSSI D.; URRAY F. J.; AUSTENBACH D. 《Toxicological sciences》1988,10(2):335-343
Bioavailability of Soil-Bound TCDD: Dermal Bioavailability inthe Rat. SHU, H., TEITELBAUM, T., WEBB, A. S., MARPLE, L., BRUNCK,B. DEI ROSSI, D., MURRAY, J., AND PAUSTENBACH, D. (1988). Fundam.Appl. Toxicol. 10, 335-343. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD), an unwanted by-product formed during the manufactureof hexachlorophene and phenoxyherbicides, has been found asan environmental contaminant in many U.S. and Western Europeansites. This study examines in the rat the degree of dermal absorptionof TCDD bound to soil. Such information would assist regulatoryagencies in evaluating the degree of exposure of humans whocome in contact with TCDD-contaminated soil. Several parameterswhich may influence dermal absorption were studied, includingTCDD dose, duration of contact, presence of crankcase oil asa co-contaminant, and environmentally contaminated vs laboratory-preparedsoil. The dermal penetration of TCDD following 4 hr of contactwith skin was approximately 60% of that following 24 hr of contact(P 0.05). Following 24 hr of contact with the skin, the degreeof dermal uptake of TCDD contaminated soil was approximately1% of the administered dose. Under the conditions of the presentstudy, the degree of uptake does not appear to be influencedto any significant extent by the concentration of TCDD on soil,the presence of crankcase oil as co-contaminants, or by environmentallyvs laboratory-contaminated soil. Although a number of parametersexamined in this study did not significantly influence the degreeof dermal absorption of TCDD in the rat following 24 hr of contactwith the contaminated soil, the unqualified use of the 1% valueto estimate human exposure would overestimate human exposure,since there is general agreement among researchers that ratskin tends to be more permeable than human skin to highly lipid-solublecompounds such as TCDD. 相似文献
2.
Igarashi S; Takiyama Y; Cancel G; Rogaeva EA; Sasaki H; Wakisaka A; Zhou YX; Takano H; Endo K; Sanpei K; Oyake M; Tanaka H; Stevanin G; Abbas N; Durr A; Rogaev EI; Sherrington R; Tsuda T; Ikeda M; Cassa E; Nishizawa M; Benomar A; Julien J; Weissenbach J; Tsuji S 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(7):923-932
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative
disorder caused by unstable expansion of a CAG repeat in the MJD1 gene at
14q32.1. To identify elements affecting the intergenerational instability
of the CAG repeat, we investigated whether the CGG/GGG polymorphism at the
3' end of the CAG repeat affects intergenerational instability of the CAG
repeat. The [expanded (CAG)n-CGG]/[normal (CAG)n- GGG] haplotypes were
found to result in significantly greater instability of the CAG repeat
compared to the [expanded (CAG)n- CGG]/[normal (CAG)n-CGG] or [expanded
(CAG)nGGG]/[normal (CAG)n-GGG] haplotypes. Multiple stepwise logistic
regression analysis revealed that the relative risk for a large
intergenerational change in the number of CAG repeat units (< -2 or >
2) is 7.7-fold (95% CI: 2.5-23.9) higher in the case of paternal
transmission than in that of maternal transmission and 7.4-fold (95% CI:
2.4-23.3) higher in the case of transmission from a parent with the
[expanded (CAG)n-CGG]/[normal (CAG)n-GGG] haplotypes than in that of
transmission from a parent with the [expanded (CAG)n-CGG]/[normal
(CAG)n-CGG] or [expanded (CAG)n- GGG]/[normal (CAG)n-GGG] haplotypes. The
combination of paternal transmission and the [expanded (CAG)n-CGG]/[normal
(CAG)n-GGG] haplotypes resulted in a 75.2-fold (95% CI: 9.0-625.0) increase
in the relative risk compared with that of maternal transmission and the
[expanded (CAG)n-CGG]/[normal (CAG)n-CGG] or [expanded (CAG)n- GGG]/[normal
(CAG)n-GGG] haplotypes. The results suggest that an inter- allelic
interaction is involved in the intergenerational instability of the
expanded CAG repeat.
相似文献
3.
Chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus frequency in nurses occupationally exposed to cytotoxic drugs 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Anwar Wagida A.; Salama Somaia I.; Serafy Mostafa M.EI; Hemida Samia A.; Hafez Ahmed S. 《Mutagenesis》1994,9(4):315-317
In this study, we evaluated the effect of low level occupationalexposure of nurses in a medical oncology unit in Cairo, Egypt,to anticancer drugs. Twenty nurses who constantly handled thesedrugs and 20 controls, matched according to age and sex, wereexamined. Metaphase chromosomes were studied. Percentages ofmetaphases with chromosomal aberrations were significantly higher(P < 0.001) in the exposed group (6.1 ± 2.7) versusthe controls (2.6 ± 1.6). The detected chromosomal aberrationswere in the form of chromatid gaps, chromatid breaks and acentricfragments. Micronucleated peripheral blood lymphocytes werealso analyzed in cytochalasin B treated binucleated lymphocytes.There was significant increase in cells with micronuclei (P< 0.001) in nurses (10.05 ± 4.71) in comparison tothe matched control (5.42 ± 2.22) (P < 0.001). Nursesexposed to the cytotoxic drugs for 相似文献
4.
Dal Zotto L; Quaderi NA; Elliott R; Lingerfelter PA; Carrel L; Valsecchi V; Montini E; Yen CH; Chapman V; Kalcheva I; Arrigo G; Zuffardi O; Thomas S; Willard HF; Ballabio A; Disteche CM; Rugarli EI 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(3):489-499
We have recently reported isolation of the gene responsible for X- linked
Opitz G/BBB syndrome, a defect of midline development. MID1 is located on
the distal short arm of the human X chromosome (Xp22. 3) and encodes a
novel member of the B box family of zinc finger proteins. We have now
cloned the murine homolog of MID1 and performed preliminary expression
studies during development. Mid1 expression in undifferentiated cells in
the central nervous, gastrointestinal and urogenital systems suggests that
abnormal cell proliferation may underlie the defect in midline development
characteristic of Opitz syndrome. We have also found that Mid1 is located
within the mouse pseudoautosomal region (PAR) in Mus musculus , while it
seems to be X- specific in Mus spretus. Therefore, Mid1 is likely to be a
recent acquisition of the M. musculus PAR. Genetic and FISH analyses also
demonstrated a high frequency of unequal crossovers in the murine PAR,
creating spontaneous deletion/duplication events involving Mid1. These data
provide evidence for the first time that genetic instability of the PAR may
affect functionally important genes. In addition, we show that MID1 is the
first example of a gene subject to X-inactivation in man while escaping it
in mouse. These data contribute to a better understanding of the molecular
content and evolution of the rodent PAR.
相似文献
5.
Yi‐an Bi Xi Qiu Charles J. Rotter Emi Kimoto Mary Piotrowski Manthena V. Varma Ayman F. EI‐Kattan Yurong Lai 《Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition》2013,34(8):452-461
Hepatic uptake transport is often the rate‐determining step in the systemic clearance of drugs. The ability to predict uptake clearance and to determine the contribution of individual transporters to overall hepatic uptake is therefore critical in assessing the potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability associated with drug–drug interactions and pharmacogenetics. The present study revisited the interaction of statin drugs, including pitavastatin, fluvastatin and rosuvastatin, with the sodium‐dependent taurocholate co‐transporting polypeptide (NTCP) using gene transfected cell models. In addition, the uptake clearance and the contribution of NTCP to the overall hepatic uptake were assessed using in vitro hepatocyte models. Then NTCP protein expression was measured by a targeted proteomics transporter quantification method to confirm the presence and stability of NTCP expression in suspended and cultured hepatocyte models. It was concluded that NTCP‐mediated uptake contributed significantly to active hepatic uptake in hepatocyte models for all three statins. However, the contribution of NTCP‐mediated uptake to the overall active hepatic uptake was compound‐dependent and varied from about 24% to 45%. Understanding the contribution of individual transporter proteins to the overall hepatic uptake and its functional variability when other active hepatic uptake pathways are interrupted could improve the current prediction practice used to assess the pharmacokinetic variability due to drug–drug interactions, pharmacogenetics and physiopathological conditions in humans. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
6.
7.
Nica LM Didilescu A Rusu D Bacila A Stratul SI 《Odontology / the Society of the Nippon Dental University》2012,100(1):54-60
The purpose of this study was to compare the apical sealing capacity of three types of gutta-percha master cones of the same
apical size and different tapers following root canal preparation with nickel–titanium ProTaper Universal rotary instruments
and microstructural replication with System B and Obtura III. Thirty extracted human incisors having one single straight root
canal (type I Weine) were instrumented with rotary ProTaper to an F3 (30/.09) and gauged to confirm a final apical size of
#30. Teeth were divided into three groups (n = 10) to be obturated as follows: Group 1: master cone Meta 0.06 taper/AH Plus, Group 2: master cone fine-medium Autofit
0.08 taper/AH Plus, and Group 3: master cone ProTaper F3 0.09 taper/AH Plus. The chosen technique was the continuous wave
of compaction (System B and Obtura III). Teeth were embedded in acrylic and incrementally reduced at 0.5 and 1.0 mm from the
apical foramina in a grinding machine for metallographic samples. Sections were examined and digitally photographed under
a metallographic optical microscope in normal and polarized light and the images were processed. The total cross-sectional
area of the root canal, the gutta-percha/sealer/voids’ areas were quantified for each sample and statistically compared using
one-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests. No statistically significant differences between groups were observed (P > 0.05); however, the mean percentage of the gutta-percha-filled area was slightly higher in Group 1 at both levels of observation.
Despite different tapers, all the three types of cones provided a good sealing capacity in the last apical millimeter of the
root canal, with good gutta-percha–sealer ratio and few or no voids. 相似文献
8.
Furtos G Baldea B Silaghi-Dumitrescu L Moldovan M Prejmerean C Nica L 《Dental materials journal》2012,31(2):266-272
Digital radiography was used to measure the radiopacity of 18 resin cements to determine the influence of inorganic filler content on radiopacity. Four disk specimens (n=4) of each light-curing cement were digitally radiographed alongside an aluminum step wedge using an intraoral sensor (XIOS Plus, Sirona, Germany), and their mean gray value measured. Percentage of filler by weight was determined using an analytical combustion furnace. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). All materials were more radiopaque than dentin and 12 materials were more radiopaque than enamel. Filler percentage ranged between 17.36 to 53.56 vol% and radiopacity between 1.02 to 3.40 mm Al. There were no statistically significant differences in inorganic filler percentage and radiopacity among the different shades of the same material (p>0.05), but the highest radiopacity was measured for the material which contained a higher percentage of filler. 相似文献
9.
Sarah Keildson Joao Fadista Claes Ladenvall ?sa K. Hedman Targ Elgzyri Kerrin S. Small Elin Grundberg Alexandra C. Nica Daniel Glass J. Brent Richards Amy Barrett James Nisbet Hou-Feng Zheng Tina R?nn Kristoffer Str?m Karl-Fredrik Eriksson Inga Prokopenko MAGIC Consortium DIAGRAM Consortium MuTHER Consortium Timothy D. Spector Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis Panos Deloukas Mark I. McCarthy Johan Rung Leif Groop Paul W. Franks Cecilia M. Lindgren Ola Hansson 《Diabetes》2014,63(3):1154-1165
Using an integrative approach in which genetic variation, gene expression, and clinical phenotypes are assessed in relevant tissues may help functionally characterize the contribution of genetics to disease susceptibility. We sought to identify genetic variation influencing skeletal muscle gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci [eQTLs]) as well as expression associated with measures of insulin sensitivity. We investigated associations of 3,799,401 genetic variants in expression of >7,000 genes from three cohorts (n = 104). We identified 287 genes with cis-acting eQTLs (false discovery rate [FDR] <5%; P < 1.96 × 10−5) and 49 expression–insulin sensitivity phenotype associations (i.e., fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance, and BMI) (FDR <5%; P = 1.34 × 10−4). One of these associations, fasting insulin/phosphofructokinase (PFKM), overlaps with an eQTL. Furthermore, the expression of PFKM, a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, was nominally associated with glucose uptake in skeletal muscle (P = 0.026; n = 42) and overexpressed (Bonferroni-corrected P = 0.03) in skeletal muscle of patients with T2D (n = 102) compared with normoglycemic controls (n = 87). The PFKM eQTL (rs4547172; P = 7.69 × 10−6) was nominally associated with glucose uptake, glucose oxidation rate, intramuscular triglyceride content, and metabolic flexibility (P = 0.016–0.048; n = 178). We explored eQTL results using published data from genome-wide association studies (DIAGRAM and MAGIC), and a proxy for the PFKM eQTL (rs11168327; r2 = 0.75) was nominally associated with T2D (DIAGRAM P = 2.7 × 10−3). Taken together, our analysis highlights PFKM as a potential regulator of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. 相似文献
10.
Ionu Trboan Simona Stoleriu Silviu Gurlui Irina Nica Andra Claudia Trboan-Gamen Alexandru Iovan Sorin Andrian 《Materials》2022,15(3)
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of hydrochloric acid associated with the abrasive effect of toothbrushing on the surface condition of three flowable composite resins used for direct restoration. Seventy samples of each composite resin: Grandio Flow (VOCO, Germany)—group A, Filtek Ultimate Flow (3M-ESPE, MN, USA)—group B, G-aenial Flo X (GC Europe)—group C were prepared, submersed in hydrochloric acid 30% for 60 min and then submitted to simulated toothbrushing procedure using 5000 cycles with toothbrushes with medium and hard bristles, immediately after the chemical attack, after 30 min or without any chemical attack. The sample’s surface roughness was analyzed using a noncontact profilometer (Dektak XT, Bruker, USA). ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni tests, with a p < 0.05, were used to analyze the values. Hydrochloric acid action for 60 min and six months of toothbrushing using toothbrushes having medium hardness or firm bristles affects the surface roughness of tested flowable composite resins. Toothbrushing with firm bristles immediately after acidic challenge determines increased surface roughness for two of the three flowable composite resins (Grandio Flow and Filtek Ultimate Flow). Toothbrushing with medium or firm bristles thirty minutes after the acidic aggression determine no effect on surface condition of flowable composite resins. 相似文献