Classical and anaplastic seminoma are traditionally treated with radiation therapy and are said to have the same prognosis. A retrospective study was undertaken of 90 seminoma patients treated with radiation therapy between 1961 and 1985. The classical group consisted of 71 patients of whom 50 had stage I and 21 had stage II disease. The anaplastic group consisted of 19 patients of whom ten had stage I and nine had stage II disease. The median follow-up time was 64 months for the entire group. The 10-year relapse-free survival rate for the classical group was 94% and for the anaplastic group was 70% (P less than .05). For patients with classical stage I disease, the relapse-free actuarial survival rate was 98%; for patients with anaplastic stage I disease, it was 64% (P less than .02). For the classical stage II disease group, the relapse-free actuarial survival rate was 84% and for the anaplastic stage II disease group, 75% (P less than .70). Four patients in the classical group (6%) had relapses; of these, one patient had local recurrence of tumor, and three had distant metastases. In the anaplastic group, four patients (21%) had relapses; two patients had local recurrence of tumor, and two had distant metastases. Therefore the data suggest a difference in survival and relapse rates between classical and anaplastic seminoma. 相似文献
We have studied the role of the adrenergic and dopaminergic mechanisms in the activation of the endocrine testicular function of CBA/Lac and A/He male mice induced by the presence of a female in estrus without any tactile contact with a male. The-adrenoreceptor blocker phentolamine inhibited an increase in the peripheral blood plasma testosterone level caused by the receptive female challenge. Propranolol blockade of -adrenoreceptors abruptly increased the stimulating effect of the receptive female presence on the blood testosterone level. The expression of the adrenoblocker action on the blood male sex hormone level depended on a male genotype. The dopamine receptor blocker pimozide produced a moderate effect on the blood testosterone but an attempt to separate its influence into the male sex hormone tonic secretion and the blood testosterone level against a background of sexual activation failed. It was concluded that the adrenergic mechanisms were involved in the activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseotesticular complex induced by the presence of the receptive female.Translated from Problemy Éndokrinologii, Vol. 32, No. 6, pp. 55–59, November–December, 1986. 相似文献
The magnitude of the specific binding of labeled ligands with the adrenoreceptors depends on the division of the brain and
the genotype of the animals.
2.
Negative phenotypical and genotypical correlations had been found between the specific binding of H-clonidine in the hypothalamus
and the level of T in the blood plasma.
Translated from Problemy éndokrinologii, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 50–52, July–August, 1993. 相似文献
Renal transplant (RT) is now a therapy of choice for end stage renal disease (ESRD). The Nephrology Unit, Asvini started functioning in Dec 90 and to date 1298 sittings of hemodialysis have been given to 45 patients. Of these, 35 were in ESRD and 11 patients underwent renal transplantation at this hospital during the period Jan 91 – Dec 93. One patient expired after 18 months of transplantation due to infection. Early experience in screening patients for RT, use of immunosuppression, management of rejection episodes and protocol are presented with special emphasis on its relevance to the Armed Forces.KEY WORDS: Transplantation, Renal Failure, Immunosuppression, Rejection相似文献
The functional activity of serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors and the expression of the genes encoding them were studied in Norway rats bred for 60 generations for the presence
and absence of high levels of stress-evoked aggression to humans. There were no significant differences in the levels of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA in the midbrain, frontal cortex, and hippocampus and the extents of head twitching evoked by the 5-HT2A agonist DOI in rats with and without genetically determined high levels of aggression. Administration of the selective 5-HT2C agonist MK-212 weakened reflex startle in response to an acoustic signal (the acoustic startle response) in non-aggressive
animals but had no significant effects on the response in aggressive animals. Increases in the level of 5-HT2C receptor mRNA were seen in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in non-aggressive rats as compared with aggressive animals.
Increases in the expression of the 5-HT2C receptor gene and the functional state of 5-HT2C receptors were seen in the brains of non-aggressive rats, without any changes in the 5-HT2A receptor mRNA level or receptor sensitivity; this is evidence for the involvement of 5-HT2C receptors in the mechanisms inhibiting fear-evoked aggressive behavior. 相似文献
Nodding Syndrome is a seizure disorder of children in Mundri County, Western Equatoria, South Sudan. The disorder is reported to be spreading in South Sudan and northern Uganda.
Objective
To describe environmental, nutritional, infectious, and other factors that existed before and during the de novo 1991 appearance and subsequent increase in cases through 2001.
Methods
Household surveys, informant interviews, and case-control studies conducted in Lui town and Amadi village in 2001–2002 were supplemented in 2012 by informant interviews in Lui and Juba, South Sudan.
Results
Nodding Syndrome was associated with Onchocerca volvulus and Mansonella perstans infections, with food use of a variety of sorghum (serena) introduced as part of an emergency relief program, and was inversely associated with a history of measles infection. There was no evidence to suggest exposure to a manmade neurotoxic pollutant or chemical agent, other than chemically dressed seed intended for planting but used for food. Food use of cyanogenic plants was documented, and exposure to fungal contaminants could not be excluded.
Conclusion
Nodding Syndrome in South Sudan has an unknown etiology. Further research is recommended on the association of Nodding Syndrome with onchocerciasis/mansonelliasis and neurotoxins in plant materials used for food. 相似文献
Introduction: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most effective and most used antidepressant drugs. Acting by inhibiting serotonin (5-HT) transporter, SSRIs display a typical 3–4-week delay in their therapeutic effects, with nearly 40% of depressed patients remaining treatment-resistant. Recent evidence suggests complex interplay between 5-HT receptors and key proteins of 5-HT metabolism in molecular mechanisms of such delay and resistance to SSRIs.
Area covered: This paper concentrates on the interplay between 5-HT receptors in the delay of therapeutic effect of SSRIs, and the interaction between tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and 5-HT transporter in the SSRI resistance. Specifically, it discusses: (1) the data on the association between antidepressant drug efficacy and genetically defined characteristics of key proteins in the 5-HT signaling (TPH2, MAOA, SERT and 5-HT1A receptor), (2) the effect of dimerization of 5-HT7 and 5-HT1A receptors on the internalization and functioning of 5-HT1A presynaptic receptors, (3) the role of Tph2 deficiency in the resistance to SSRIs treatment. We shift the emphasis from individual proteins to their interactions in explaining antidepressant action of SSRI.
Expert opinion: These interactions should be considered when developing more effective antidepressant drugs as well as for predicting and improving the efficacy of antidepressant therapies. 相似文献
Laser induced structural transformations in a dextran grafted-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) copolymer/Au nanoparticles (D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs) hybrid nanosystem in water have been observed. The laser induced local plasmonic heating of Au NPs leads to Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) phase transition in D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs macromolecules accompanied by their shrinking and aggregation. The hysteresis non-reversible character of the structural transformation in D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs system has been observed at the decrease of laser intensity, i.e. the aggregates remains in solution after the turn-off the laser illumination. This is an essential difference comparing to the case of usual heating–cooling cycles when there is no formation of aggregates and structural transformations are reversible. Such a fundamental difference has been rationalized as the result of action of attractive optical forces arising due to the excitation of surface plasmons in Au NPs. The attractive plasmonic forces facilitate the formation of the aggregates and counteract their destruction. The laser induced structural transformations have been found to be very sensitive to matching conditions of the resonance of the laser light with surface plasmon resonance proving the plasmonic nature of observed phenomena.Structural transformations in D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs hybrid nanosystem arise from the synergetic action of plasmonic heating and attractive optical plasmonic forces.相似文献
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - We studied the effects of GABA derivatives on anxious and compulsive behavior of progeny of rats with experimental preeclampsia provoked by... 相似文献