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排序方式: 共有753条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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2.
Mitsutoshi Satoh Keisuke Enomoto Katsuo Koike 《The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology》2001,53(1):103-108
The antagonistic effects of MDL73005EF and tamsulosin and partial agonists clonidine and tizanidine at rat thoracic aorta and rabbit iliac artery alpha1-adrenoceptors were investigated in this study. Selective alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists MDL73005EF and tamsulosin dose-dependently shifted the concentration-response curves for noradrenaline to the right. Schild plots of the results obtained from the inhibition by MDL73005EF (pA2 8.30 +/- 0.04) and tamsulosin (pA2 10.51 +/- 0.06) of noradrenaline yielded a straight line with a slope of unity in rat thoracic aorta. The slopes of Schild plots obtained from the inhibition by MDL73005EF and tamsulosin of noradrenaline were significantly different from unity in rabbit iliac artery. Schild plots of the results obtained from the inhibition by clonidine and tizanidine of noradrenaline yielded a straight line with a slope of unity in rat thoracic aorta (pA2 7.08 +/- 0.04 and 7.32 +/- 0.04, respectively). These results suggest that alpha1D-adrenoceptors play a significant role in the alpha1-adrenoceptor-agonist-induced contraction of rat thoracic aorta and rabbit iliac artery, and that clonidine and tizanidine interact with the alpha1D-adrenoceptor subtype as competitive antagonists in rat thoracic aorta. 相似文献
3.
Cell type-specific involvement of RIG-I in antiviral response 总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34
Kato H Sato S Yoneyama M Yamamoto M Uematsu S Matsui K Tsujimura T Takeda K Fujita T Takeuchi O Akira S 《Immunity》2005,23(1):19-28
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in antiviral response by recognizing viral components. Recently, a RNA helicase, RIG-I, was also suggested to recognize viral double-stranded RNA. However, how these molecules contribute to viral recognition in vivo is poorly understood. We show by gene targeting that RIG-I is essential for induction of type I interferons (IFNs) after infection with RNA viruses in fibroblasts and conventional dendritic cells (DCs). RIG-I induces type I IFNs by activating IRF3 via IkappaB kinase-related kinases. In contrast, plasmacytoid DCs, which produce large amounts of IFN-alpha, use the TLR system rather than RIG-I for viral detection. Taken together, RIG-I and the TLR system exert antiviral responses in a cell type-specific manner. 相似文献
4.
Ikarashi Y Yuzurihara M Shinoda M Maruyama Y 《Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications》2000,742(2):295-301
Acetylcholine (ACh) in gastric juice was detected and measured by pretreatment of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, 1 mM eserine (1 ml/rat, p.o.), in pylorus-ligated rats, by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. In order to elucidate whether or not the ACh level in gastric juice reflects the activity of cholinergic neurons, the effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a vagus stimulant, on the levels of ACh, histamine and gastric acid in gastric juice was investigated in pylorus-ligated rats anesthetized with urethane (1.25 g/kg, i.p.). Under the non-anesthetic condition, ACh, histamine and gastric acid levels were 100+/-25 pmol/h, 120+/-10 ng/h, and 240+/-32 microequiv./h, respectively. These levels were completely inhibited by urethane anesthesia. Under the anesthetized condition, 2-DG (50-200 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly increased ACh and histamine levels in gastric juice, as well as acid secretion. The 2-DG (200 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced increases in these levels were completely inhibited by vagotomy. These results suggest that ACh level measured in gastric juice reflects the activity of cholinergic transmission. Furthermore, these results also support the conclusion that vagus stimulation facilitates not only cholinergic transmission but also histaminergic transmission related to gastric acid secretion. 相似文献
5.
Human Disease Genes and Their Cloned Mouse Orthologs: Exploration of the FANTOM2 cDNA Sequence Data Set 下载免费PDF全文
6.
Atanackovic D Matsuo M Ritter E Mazzara G Ritter G Jäger E Knuth A Old LJ Gnjatic S 《Journal of immunological methods》2003,278(1-2):57-66
CD4+ T cells play an important role in the induction and maintenance of an effective antiviral and antitumor immune response. However, standardized monitoring of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells has not been established at the single-cell level. We now present a sensitive, specific, and simple methodology in which purified memory CD4+ T cells are expanded from PBMC in a single cycle of antigen-driven stimulation and quantitatively assayed by interferon-gamma ELISPOT. Issues of nonspecific background in assays were resolved with the use of innovative target cells, autologous PHA-expanded CD4+ T cells (T-APC). Remarkably, T-APC could not only present peptide epitopes from model antigens NY-ESO-1 and influenza nucleoprotein, but could also process full-length antigen endogenously expressed from recombinant fowlpox vector. This approach makes it possible to monitor CD4+ T cells in large series of patients, regardless of HLA haplotype, against the full peptide repertoire of a given antigen. 相似文献
7.
Shuichi Ota Toshihiro Matsukawa Satoshi Yamamoto Shinichi Ito Motohiro Shindo Kazuya Sato Takeshi Kondo Kyuhei Kohda Hajime Sakai Akio Mori Tohru Takahashi Hiroshi Ikeda Hiroyuki Kuroda Yoshihito Haseyama Masaki Yamamoto Takeo Sarashina Makoto Yoshida Ryoji Kobayashi Mitsufumi Nishio Toshimichi Ishihara Yasuo Hirayama Yasutaka Kakinoki Hajime Kobayashi Takashi Fukuhara Masahiro Imamura Mitsutoshi Kurosawa 《European journal of haematology》2018,101(1):95-105
8.
Propensity score‐matched study of laparoscopic and open surgery for colorectal cancer in rural hospitals 下载免费PDF全文
Toshihiro Nakao Mitsuo Shimada Kozo Yoshikawa Jun Higashijima Takuya Tokunaga Masaaki Nishi Chie Takasu Hideya Kashihara Ichio Suzuka Takashi Nishizaki Hiroshi Okitsu Toshiyuki Yagi Hidenori Miyake Murato Miura Mitsutoshi Fukuyama Daisuke Wada Yoshiaki Bando 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2016,31(10):1700-1704
9.
Kazuhiko Sasai Rikuo Tanaka Mitsutoshi Kawamura Kazumitsu Honjo Naofumi Matsunaga Taishi Nakada Kiichi Homma Hiroshi Fujimura 《Journal of gastroenterology》1996,31(4):505-511
The requirement for well spread out chromosomes for the cytogenetic analysis of primary gastrointestinal tumors led us to
develop new techniques. These techniques involved two main procedures: (1) preliminary incubation with culture medium in the
presence of collagenase, Dispase, and colcemid, for 3h, and (2) treatment with an extremely hypotonic solution (0.044 M KCl)
for 30 min. The techniques were applied to 11 gastrointestinal malignancies (including 1 early gastric cancer and 1 metastatic
liver lesion of colon cancer) and significant increases (P<0.01) in the number of metaphases of analyzable karyotypes were obtained, compared with a previous method in which the standard
hypotonic molarity of KCL (0.075 M) was employed. The mean value for metaphase numbers of the analyzable karyotypes was 37.0±3.7%
in the 5 gastric cancers and 44.7±4.8% in the 5 colon cancers and 1 metastatic lesion. These values were three times and more
than twice, respectively, the values obtained by the previous method. A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study was
carried out on one cologenic tumor, the α-satellite centromere-specific probe 17 being used. Deletion of the long arm of chromosome
17 was demonstrated. The method proposed here could yield a sufficient number of metaphases without the use of tissue culture
that might cause alteration of karyotype. It can be employed with small biopsy specimens and in studies utilizing the FISH
technique. 相似文献
10.
Yang S Fang Z Suzuki T Sasano H Zhou J Gurates B Tamura M Ferrer K Bulun S 《The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism》2002,87(5):2336-2345
In human endometriotic stromal cells, markedly high levels of aromatase P450 (P450arom) mRNA and promoter II activity are present and can be vigorously stimulated by PGE(2) via a cAMP-dependent pathway to give rise to physiologically significant estrogen biosynthesis. Stromal cells of eutopic endometrium, on the other hand, do not express sufficient levels of P450arom for detectable enzyme activity. Because P450arom is up-regulated in the ovaries of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) beta knockout mice and activation of the ovarian-type P450arom promoter (II) is responsible for aberrant P450arom expression in endometriosis, we sought here to evaluate the possible roles of C/EBP isoforms in the regulation of P450arom expression in endometriotic vs. eutopic endometrial stromal cells. We previously found that the -517-bp flanking region of promoter II contained the critical cis-acting elements for baseline and cAMP (analog)-induced activity. In this study, we disrupted several potential sequences and found that mutations of a -211/-197-bp cAMP-response element (CRE) and a -317/-304-bp C/EBP binding site abolished both baseline and cAMP-induced promoter II activity. Ectopic expression of C/EBPalpha increased both baseline and cAMP-dependent promoter II activity significantly in endometriotic cells, whereas ectopic expression of C/EBPbeta or C/EBPdelta abolished promoter II activity in both untreated and cAMP-treated endometriotic stromal cells. Comparable changes in promoter II activity were observed using endometrial stromal cells, which showed, however, seemingly diminished levels of baseline and cAMP-induced promoter II activity in comparison with endometriotic cells. EMSA using a probe containing the critical -317/-304-bp C/EBP site upstream of promoter II demonstrated a distinct DNA-protein complex in endometriotic, but not in endometrial stromal cells. This specific complex, however, could not be altered using antibodies against C/EBPalpha, -beta, or -delta. Because CRE is another potential DNA motif that can bind C/EBP isoforms, we next used EMSA using a probe containing the -211/-197-bp CRE and demonstrated that specific DNA-protein complexes contained C/EBPalpha but not C/EBPbeta or C/EBPdelta in endometriotic stromal cells. In contrast, C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta but not C/EBPalpha were detected in DNA-protein complexes using nuclear extracts from endometrial stromal cells. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression of C/EBPalpha, -beta, and -delta in human endometriotic and endometrial stroma and epithelium. Intriguingly, C/EBPbeta was expressed at increased levels in stromal cells of human eutopic endometrium compared with simultaneously biopsied endometriotic tissues. We conclude that both -317/-304 and -211/-197-bp elements in promoter II are critical for the robust cAMP-dependent induction in endometriosis. C/EBPalpha up-regulates, whereas C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta inhibit P450arom promoter activity via binding primarily to the -211/-197-bp CRE under in vitro conditions. In vivo down-regulation of C/EBPbeta in endometriotic stromal cells and its up-regulation in endometrial stromal cells may in part account for the induction of P450arom expression in endometriosis and its inhibition in endometrium. 相似文献