全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1884篇 |
免费 | 82篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 16篇 |
儿科学 | 59篇 |
妇产科学 | 17篇 |
基础医学 | 234篇 |
口腔科学 | 19篇 |
临床医学 | 88篇 |
内科学 | 577篇 |
皮肤病学 | 15篇 |
神经病学 | 102篇 |
特种医学 | 64篇 |
外科学 | 511篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 38篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 100篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 128篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 34篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 25篇 |
2018年 | 26篇 |
2017年 | 24篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 62篇 |
2013年 | 62篇 |
2012年 | 92篇 |
2011年 | 91篇 |
2010年 | 53篇 |
2009年 | 57篇 |
2008年 | 99篇 |
2007年 | 79篇 |
2006年 | 90篇 |
2005年 | 72篇 |
2004年 | 85篇 |
2003年 | 82篇 |
2002年 | 87篇 |
2001年 | 93篇 |
2000年 | 66篇 |
1999年 | 64篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 30篇 |
1990年 | 27篇 |
1989年 | 41篇 |
1988年 | 39篇 |
1987年 | 28篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 26篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 10篇 |
1971年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 8篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1968年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有1981条查询结果,搜索用时 25 毫秒
1.
Minimum incision endoscopic nephrectomy for giant hydronephrosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fumitaka Koga Kazunori Kihara Hitoshi Masuda Yukio Kageyama Satoru Kawakami Tsuyoshi Kobayashi 《International journal of urology》2007,14(8):774-776
Five consecutive patients with symptomatic giant hydronephrosis underwent minimum incision endoscopic nephrectomy. The originally huge renal specimen was retroperitoneally mobilized using both of endoscopy and direct vision, without the use of trocar ports or gas insufflation, via a single minimum incision that narrowly permitted extraction of the specimen. The specimen was successfully extracted from the incision in all patients. Technically, proper deflation of the hydronephrotic sac facilitates mobilization and enables extraction of the specimen. Median (range) size of incision, operative time, and estimated blood loss were 4 cm (3-5), 205 min (156-222), and 210 mL (110-350), respectively. No patient required blood transfusion or encountered operative complications. Postoperative convalescence was short and uneventful; all patients resumed oral intake and ambulance on the day following surgery, and were physically dischargeable from hospital after 2-3 postoperative days. Thus, this technique is a feasible, minimally invasive and safe procedure for symptomatic giant hydronephrosis. 相似文献
2.
Mizuaki Sakura Satoru Kawakami Hitoshi Masuda Tsuyoshi Kobayashi Yukio Kageyama Kazunori Kihara 《International journal of urology》2007,14(12):1109-1112
Since 1998, we have performed minimum incision endoscopic surgery (MIES) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). For seven dialysis patients with bilateral RCC, we have performed sequential bilateral MIES radical nephrectomy. It was carried out by retroperitoneal approach through a single minimum incision that narrowly permitted extraction of the specimen using endoscopy and direct stereovision, without trocar ports, without gas insufflation and without the insertion of the hands of operators into the operative field. Although six of the seven patients had multiple complications in addition to chronic renal failure (CRF), bilateral kidneys were successfully removed by sequential MIES radical nephrectomy without major operative complication. Postoperative recovery was prompt with all patients resuming oral feeding and walking by the second postoperative day. Sequential bilateral MIES radical nephrectomy, leaving the peritoneal cavity intact and without imposing circulatory stress caused by gas insufflation, is a feasible treatment for bilateral RCCs in dialysis patients. 相似文献
3.
A Mycoplasma strain F38 growth-inhibiting monoclonal antibody (WM-25) identifies an epitope on a surface-exposed polysaccharide antigen. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Infection and immunity》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Monoclonal antibody (MAb) WM-25 differentiates by in vitro growth inhibition Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mycoplasma strain F38), which causes contagious carpine pleuropneumonia, from other Mycoplasma spp. (F. R. Rurangirwa, T. C. McGuire, A. J. Musoke, and A. Kibor, Infect. Immun. 55:3219-3220, 1987). The antigen identified by MAb WM-25 was isolated from solubilized Mycoplasma strain F38 organisms by MAb WM-25 affinity chromatography and was stained with Schiff's reagent, but not with Coomassie blue, after separation by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Treatment of purified F38 polysaccharide with periodate abolished binding with MAb WM-25, and MAb WM-25 binding was blocked with laminarin, a complex oligosaccharide with beta(1-->3) sugar linkages. Purified F38 polysaccharide blocked both growth inhibition and agglutination of live F38 organisms caused by MAb WM-25 and rabbit antiserum to F38 organisms. The results in this paper demonstrate that MAb WM-25 binds a periodate-sensitive epitope on the F38 polysaccharide which is also exposed on the surface of Mycoplasma strain F38. Because MAb WM-25 also causes in vitro growth inhibition of F38, the reactive polysaccharide epitope may induce protective immune responses. 相似文献
4.
5.
Toyohiro Kagawa Fumiko Fukunari Tomoko Shiraishi Miwako Yamasaki Takahiro Ichihara Yuka Kihara Ryousuke Zeze Kentaro Nogami Kenji Yuasa 《Oral Radiology》2006,22(2):47-51
Objectives To develop a simple image viewer that utilizes image files in general-purpose formats that are written from the original 3DX
volume data.
Methods We used FLASH MX2004 for Macintosh to develop a simple image viewer. In developing the software for the simple image viewer,
we decided that the viewer should provide the following features: (1) be available to both Windows OS and Mac OS, (2) allow
interlocking of the 3D images, (3) display image enlargement, and (4) allow distance measurements. The accuracy of the distance
measurements was evaluated.
Results The procedure was as follows: (1) write 3D images in jpeg format to a folder on i-VIEW; (2) place the folder containing the
3D images into the directory of the simple image viewer software on a PC; (3) start the software and open the window to input
the folder name containing the 3D images; and (4) display the 3D images. Our viewer had features such as image enlargement,
interlocking 3D images, drawing, and distance measurements. No significant differences were shown between the measurements
made by our simple viewer and the actual values of the images in any direction.
Conclusions Our image-viewing software for 3DX is beneficial for clinical use. 相似文献
6.
Iwao Fukui Kazunori Kihara Hideaki Sekine Yuichi Tachibana Tsuneo Kawai Daisuke Ishiwata Hiroyuki Oshima 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1992,30(Z1):S37-S40
Between November 1986 and April 1989, 101 patients with superficial bladder cancer were treated with intravesical instillations of mitomycin C on day 1 and doxorubicin on day 2 of each week for 5 consecutive weeks. Of 61 complete responders, 23 patients with carcinoma in situ and 28 with papillary cancer were randomly assigned to a non-maintenance group or to a group receiving maintenance therapy consisting of monthly instillations of the same drugs for 12 months. The 2-year non-recurrence rate calculated for patients with carcinoma in situ was significantly better in the maintenance group than in the non-maintenance group. A similar tendency was observed for patients with papillary cancer, although the difference was not significant. Side effects were considerable, with moderate to severe bladder irritation occurring in approximately half of the patients. In addition to our previous findings, the present results indicate that this intravesical combination chemotherapy is effective in eliminating superficial bladder cancers and that since the effect is not durable, even in complete responders, maintenance therapy is necessary to reduce subsequent tumor recurrence.Presented at the 4th International Conference on Treatment of Urinary Tract Tumors with Adriamycin/Farmorubicin, 16–17 November 1990, Osaka, Japan 相似文献
7.
8.
Maki Kihara Tatsuya Sugita Yuichiro Nagai Naokatsu Saeki Ichiro Tatsuno Katsuyoshi Seki 《Gynecological endocrinology》2006,22(2):110-113
OBJECTIVE: We present a case of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation caused by pituitary gonadotroph macroadenoma, and include a review of the literature. CASE REPORT: A 27-year-old woman presented with irregular menstruation and bilateral multicystic enlargement of the ovaries. Serum estradiol (E(2)) levels were marginally elevated for the follicular phase but within the physiological range. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) was extremely low, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was normal, and prolactin (PRL) was high. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a pituitary macroadenoma. Immunohistochemical examination of the surgically removed adenoma showed intense reactivity for FSH and LH. After the operation, E(2), LH and PRL levels were normalized, the ovaries returned to a normal morphology, and regular menstrual cycles were resumed. CONCLUSION: A review of the literature showed that ovarian hyperstimulation caused by pituitary gonadotroph adenoma is not always accompanied by elevated FSH levels. High PRL and E(2) and low LH were reported in the majority of the cases, but E(2) may stay within the range observed in normal menstrual cycles. 相似文献
9.
Kenji Kihara Shinichi Ueno Masahiko Sakoda Takashi Aikou 《Liver transplantation》2005,11(12):1574-1580
Recent studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) reduces neutrophil endothelial adherence in venules and also blocks the progressive arteriolar vasoconstriction associated with ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury in the extremities and the brain. In order to elucidate the effects of HBOT after I-R in digestive organs, particularly in the liver, we evaluated the following: 1) the relationship between timing of HBOT and tissue damage; and 2) HBOT's effects on neutrophil sequestration. Using a hepatic I-R (45 minute) model in male rats, survival rate, liver tissue damage, and neutrophil accumulation within the sinusoids in the HBOT-treated group (Group H) were compared to those in the nontreated group (Group C). For the HBOT-treated group, HBOT was administered as 100% oxygen, at 2.5 atm absolute, for 60 minutes. When HBOT was given 30 minute after I-R, the survival rate was much better in Group H than in Group C. HBOT performed within 3 hours of I-R markedly suppressed increases in the malondialdehyde level in tissues of the liver and lessened the congestion in the sinusoids. In addition, HBOT just after I-R caused decreased number of cells stained by the naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase infiltrating into the sinusoids. HBOT 3 hours after reperfusion, however, showed no clear effects upon neutrophil sequestration compared to Group C. These results indicate that HBOT performed within 3 hours of I-R alleviates hepatic dysfunction and improves the survival rate after I-R. Herein, we propose 1 possible mechanism for these beneficial effects: early HBOT given before neutrophil-mediated injury phase may suppress the accumulation of neutrophils after I-R. In conclusion, we believe that the present study should lead to an improved understanding of HBOT's potential role in hepatic surgery. 相似文献
10.
S Sumi K Kihara Y Kageyama Y Higashi I Fukui H Oshima 《Hinyokika kiyo. Acta urologica Japonica》1990,36(8):903-6; Discussion 906-7
Normal epithelial and carcinoma cells of human bladder were investigated for the cytokeratin which is one of the intermediate filaments and comprises cytoskeleton using the immunofluorescence method. Carcinoma cell lines used were JTC-30, JTC-32, HUB-41 and T-24. In normal urothelium, keratin fibers were fine and straight with unchanged diameter and distributed regularly in the cytoplasm. By contrast, keratin fibers in bladder carcinoma cells were kinked and changed in diameter and were distributed irregularly in the cytoplasm. The above findings were most obvious in T-24 which formed undifferentiated carcinoma when transplanted to nude mice, and keratin fibers were dominantly located in the perinuclear area. The changes of keratin fibers appeared to be parallel to the grade of histological anaplasia of the tumor formed by implantation of bladder carcinoma cell line cells to nude mice. These observations suggest that the morphology of cytokeratin is a useful indicator for evaluating the grade of malignancy in transitional cell carcinoma. 相似文献