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1.
We evaluated 162 high risk male patients for the presence of subclinical anogenital human papillomavirus infection with magnified penile surface scanning. Infected patients were treated as outpatients with the carbon dioxide laser under local anesthesia. Of the patients 43 were followed for a mean of 8.7 months or 2.1 treatments after the initial treatment (range 3 to 30 months). A subset of 10 patients was followed for more than 20 months or 6.2 treatments. To date a 51% recurrence rate has been observed in the over-all population and a 50% recurrence rate was noted in the 20-month followup population. In a separate arm of this study a small number of patients (15) with deoxyribonucleic acid typed subclinical intraurethral disease plus subclinical skin lesions were treated with topical carbon dioxide laser therapy for the penile lesions and adjuvant intraurethral 5% 5-fluorouracil. Mean followup in the group was approximately 4 months. The addition of intraurethral therapy in this positive human papillomavirus reservoir group had no significant effect on the high rate of human papillomavirus recurrence. 相似文献
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S Álvarez-Ruiz† PF Peñas† J Fernández-Herrera† J Sánchez-Pérez† J Fraga‡ A García-Díez† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2004,18(3):310-313
In the last years, granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF and GM-CSF) are being increasingly used and several cutaneous eruptions have been reported in relation to these treatments. In 1991 Horn et al. described three patients with maculopapular eruption that paralleled the time of infusion of GM-CSF. Two of the cases showed an increase in the number and size of macrophages in the biopsy specimen. Since then, several cases have been reported showing this histopathological alteration that has been considered characteristic of reaction to G-CSF or GM-CSF. Although maculopapular eruption with enlarged macrophages can appear after chemotherapy treatment, we have found that the presentation of this eruption after the beginning of cytokine treatment is suggestive of the involvement of G-CSF and GM-CSF in the eruption. We described eight cases of patients treated with G-CSF or GM-CSF that developed maculopapular eruptions with enlarged macrophages. 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACT: Background: The percentage of United States’ births delivered by cesarean section has increased rapidly in recent years, even for women considered to be at low risk for a cesarean section. The purpose of this paper is to examine infant and neonatal mortality risks associated with primary cesarean section compared with vaginal delivery for singleton full‐term (37–41 weeks’ gestation) women with no indicated medical risks or complications. Methods: National linked birth and infant death data for the 1998–2001 birth cohorts (5,762,037 live births and 11,897 infant deaths) were analyzed to assess the risk of infant and neonatal mortality for women with no indicated risk by method of delivery and cause of death. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model neonatal survival probabilities as a function of delivery method, and sociodemographic and medical risk factors. Results: Neonatal mortality rates were higher among infants delivered by cesarean section (1.77 per 1,000 live births) than for those delivered vaginally (0.62). The magnitude of this difference was reduced only moderately on statistical adjustment for demographic and medical factors, and when deaths due to congenital malformations and events with Apgar scores less than 4 were excluded. The cesarean/vaginal mortality differential was widespread, and not confined to a few causes of death. Conclusions: Understanding the causes of these differentials is important, given the rapid growth in the number of primary cesareans without a reported medical indication. (BIRTH 33:3 September 2006) 相似文献
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Acute liver failure was induced in rats by CCl4 administration and its effects on the hepatic Krebs cycle and gluconeogenic fluxes were evaluated in situ by 13C NMR isotopomer analysis of hepatic glucose following infusion of [U-13C]propionate. In fed animals, CCl4 injury caused a significant increase in relative gluconeogenic flux from 0.80+/-0.10 to 1.34 +/-0.24 times the flux through citrate synthase (p<0.01). In 24-h fasted animals, CCl4-injury also significantly increased relative gluconeogenic flux from 1.36+/-0.16 to 1.80+/-0.22 times the flux through citrate synthase (p<0.01). Recycling of PEP via pyruvate and oxaloacetate was extensive under all conditions and was not significantly altered by CCl4 injury. CCl4 injury significantly reduced hepatic glucose output by 26% (42.8+/-7.3 vs 58.1+/-2.4 micromol/kg/min, p=0.005), which was attributed to a 26% decrease in absolute gluconeogenic flux from PEP (85.6+/-14.6 vs 116+/-4.8 micromol/kg/min, p<0.01). These changes were accompanied by a 47% reduction in absolute citrate synthase flux (90.6+/-8.0 to 47.6+/-8.0 micromol/kg/min, p<0.005), indicating that oxidative Krebs cycle flux was more susceptible to CCl4 injury. The reduction in absolute fluxes indicate a significant loss of hepatic metabolic capacity, while the significant increases in relative gluconeogenic fluxes suggest a reorganization of metabolic activity towards preserving hepatic glucose output. 相似文献
7.
Oocyte morphology predicts outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection 总被引:10,自引:14,他引:10
Serhal PF; Ranieri DM; Kinis A; Marchant S; Davies M; Khadum IM 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(6):1267-1270
To examine the influence of cytoplasmic morphology on the success rate of
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), the morphology of 837 metaphase II
oocytes was assessed after cumulus stripping. The main abnormalities
detected were excessive granularity, cytoplasmic inclusions such as
vacuoles, smooth endoplasmic reticulum clustering and refractile bodies.
Microinjection was performed in 538 oocytes with normal cytoplasm, 142 out
of 161 with excessive granularity and 112 out of 138 with cytoplasmic
inclusions. Very poor oocytes were not injected. No difference was found in
fertilization rate. The embryos achieved cleaved normally and a similar
number of good quality embryos among the three groups was noted. The
outcome of transfer of embryos derived solely from normal oocytes (group A:
72 patients, 183 embryos) was compared with those from oocytes with
cytoplasmic abnormalities (group B: 34 patients, 85 embryos). In group A,
17 clinical pregnancies (24% per patient, implantation rate 10%) were
established. In group B, only one clinical pregnancy (3% per patient,
implantation rate 1%) was established, from the transfer of embryos derived
from oocytes with homogeneous granularity of the cytoplasm. No pregnancy
resulted following the transfer of embryos from eggs with cytoplasmic
inclusions. The difference was statistically significant. The outcome of
ICSI is dependent on the quality of the oocytes retrieved. Normal
fertilization and early embryo development were achieved in oocytes with
abnormal cytoplasm morphology, but the resulting embryos failed to
demonstrate the same implantation potential as those derived from oocytes
with normal cytoplasm.
相似文献
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9.
Beatty AL Malloy JL Wright JR 《American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology》2005,32(2):128-134
Although it is known that surfactant lipids and proteins are altered in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, the mechanisms and implications of these alterations are not clear. In this study, the effects of P. aeruginosa on the surfactant large aggregate fraction were examined using an in vitro surface area cycling model. Large aggregates were isolated from porcine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and incubated with supernatants from P. aeruginosa cultures (PAO1, parent strain; PAO1-A1, lasA-negative mutant; PAO1-B1, elastase-negative mutant) or purified elastase. Amounts of surfactant protein (SP)-A and SP-B, phospholipid content, and large aggregate conversion were assessed. In addition, lipid degradation was assessed by incubating a mixture of radiolabeled phospholipids with P. aeruginosa supernatants. The results demonstrated that SP-A was degraded by PAO1 and PAO1-A1 supernatants, and by purified elastase. SP-B was degraded by PAO1 and PAO1-B1 supernatants, but not by elastase. P. aeruginosa supernatants degraded phospholipids, a process inhibited by ZnCl(2). P. aeruginosa supernatants and elastase increased conversion. The data suggest that protein degradation facilitates increased conversion, and that phospholipid degradation and conversion enhance degradation of surfactant proteins. In conclusion, P. aeruginosa secretes multiple virulence factors that cooperate to result in degradation of surfactant components and alteration of large aggregate conversion. 相似文献
10.
Developing methods that can detect compartmentation of metabolic pathways in intact tissues may be important for understanding energy demand and supply. In this study, we investigated compartmentation of glycolysis and glycogenolysis in the isolated perfused rat heart using (13)C NMR isotopomer analysis. Rat hearts previously depleted of myocardial glycogen were perfused with 5.5 mm [U-(13)C]glucose plus 50 mU/mL insulin until newly synthesized glycogen recovered to new steady-state levels ( approximately 60% of pre-depleted values). After a short wash-out period, the perfusate glucose was then switched to [1-(13)C]glucose, and glycolysis and glycogenolysis were stimulated by addition of glucagon (1 microg/ml). A (13)C NMR multiplet analysis of the methyl resonance of lactate provided an estimate of pyruvate derived from glucose vs glycogen while a multiplet analysis of the C4 resonance of glutamate provided an estimate of acetyl-CoA derived from glycolytic pyruvate vs glycogenolytic pyruvate. These two indices were not equivalent and their difference was further magnified in the presence of insulin during the stimulation phase. These combined observations are consistent with functional compartmentation of glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes that allows pyruvate generated by these two processes to be distinguished at the level of lactate and acetyl-CoA. 相似文献