层孔菌属化学成分与生物活性研究概述

 目的介绍层孔菌属真菌中分离到的三萜类成分和其他类成分及药理作用,为其资源利用开发提供线索。方法根据国内外文献,进行归纳、分析加以综述。结果层孔菌属真菌的化学成分有三萜类、异香豆素、倍半萜类、长链脂肪酸、甾醇、有机酸及多糖类。它们多具有重要的生理活性。结论从层孔菌属中分离到了43个三萜类化合物,值得深入研究,从中发现具有活性的先导化合物。     

FLAIR vascular hyperintensity predicts early neurological deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving endovascular thrombectomy

Neurological Sciences - Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity (FVH) is frequently observed in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). FVH is associated with functional...     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析破骨风中裂环环烯醚萜苷类成分

目的：利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法（HPLC—DAD—ESI—MS^2）分析了破骨风中裂环环烯醚萜苷类成分。方法：采用该方法得到了破骨风中裂环环烯醚萜苷类成分的紫外（UV）色谱图、总离子流（TIC）色谱图和萃取离子（EIC）色谱图,以及相应色谱峰的紫外光谱图和EIC／MS^2的质谱图,结合文献对其进行解析。结果：鉴别出破骨风中6个裂环环烯醚萜苷类成分,分别为Jasminoside,Jaslanceoside A,Jaslanceoside B,Jaslanceoside C,Jaslanceoside D和Jaslanceoside E;同时发现还有4个未知结构裂环环烯醚萜苷类化合物存在,并对它们的结构进行了推测。结论：高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法可以用于分析破骨风中裂环环烯醚萜苷类成分。     

Protective effects of liquiritin apioside on cigarette smoke-induced lung epithelial cell injury

Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we hypothesized that liquiritin apioside (LA), a main flavonoid component from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, had antioxidant properties by inducing glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis via the inhibition of cytokines and protected lung epithelial cells against cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress. A549 cells were treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and/or LA. ICR mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) for four days with increasing exposure time for up to 6 h per day to elicit epithelial cells injury. One hour before smoke exposure, mice were treated with LA by gavage; 18 h after the last CS exposure all examinations were performed. Treatment with LA concentration-dependently prevented CSE-induced cytotoxicity, increase of TGF-β and TNF-α mRNA expression, depletion of GSH and apoptosis in A549 cells. LA at doses 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg dose-dependently inhibited pulmonary neutrophil and macrophage inflammation. Lung sections of the CS-exposed LA treated mice showed an apparently reduced pulmonary inflammation and a significant inhibitory effect on mucus containing goblet cells in the large airways. Furthermore, the CS-induced pulmonary release of TGF-β, TNF-α and myeloperoxidase activity was reduced, and superoxide dismutase activity was enhanced.These results indicate that protective roles of LA on CS-induced the lung epithelial cell injury are mediated by inhibiting TGF-β and TNF-α expression and increasing anti-oxidative levels of GSH, suggesting that LA might be effective as protective agent against epithelial injury in COPD.     

手足口病与气候关系的探讨和研究

目的 探讨和研究秦皇岛市手足口病流行情况与气候的关系.方法 收集2009年秦皇岛市手足口病旬发病数,由秦皇岛市气象局提供2009年秦皇岛市旬平均气温、平均湿度.搜集秦皇岛市2009年每旬天的气象资料和手足口病的发病数,利用EXCELE软件加载宏的数据分析功能进行数据处理.结果 秦皇岛市手足口病发病呈明显的季节性分布,2009年全市发病数自3月下旬开始抬头,4月中旬明显升高,7月中旬达到全年最高峰,然后开始逐渐下降,自10月上旬发病数接近3月下旬的水平,11月中旬后疫情迅速进入较低水平,发病高峰季节主要在春夏季.结论 手足口病在秦皇岛市的发病情况与气候条件有明显的相关性,与高温、高湿呈显著的正相关.     

武威市2014年居民主要死因及潜在减寿分析

目的分析武威市居民主要死因及寿命损失现状,为合理制定疾病防控措施提供依据。方法利用2014年武威市居民人口资料和死因监测数据进行回顾性分析,计算粗死亡率、期望寿命、潜在寿命损失年和减寿率等指标。结果2014年武威市居民粗死亡率为471.22/10万,其中男性为521.70/10万,女性为417.76/10万;居民期望寿命为77.56岁,其中男性为75.95岁,女性为79.16岁;按潜在寿命损失年排序前五位死因依次是损伤中毒、循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病。结论损伤与中毒和慢性非传染性疾病已经成为严重威胁武威市居民健康的公共卫生问题,应有针对性地加强慢性病管理以及危险因素干预,有效降低损伤与中毒和慢性非传染性疾病对居民健康的威胁。     

高效液相色谱法测定菊兰颗粒中黄芩苷的含量

目的 建立以高效液相色谱法测定菊兰颗粒中黄芩苷含量的方法.方法 固定相采用Waters:SymmetryC18色谱柱(3.9mm×150mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-水-磷酸(47∶53∶0.2);检测波长:280nm;流速:1.0ml/min.结果 线性范围0.08～0.72μg,r=0.999 6,平均回收率为98.76%,RSD为1.52%(n=9).结论 该方法简单快速,结果可靠,可用于控制菊兰颗粒的质量.     

斑鸠菊属的倍半萜内酯类及甾体皂苷类化学成分及药理活性研究进展

介绍菊科斑鸠菊属Vernonia倍半萜内酯类及甾体皂苷类化学成分及其药理活性研究进展。对近年来有代表性的文献进行分析归纳。为促进对本属植物的综合开发和利用,有必要深入研究该属植物的化学成分,建立完善的质量标准。