Temporomandibular joint: morphology and signal intensity characteristics of the disk at MR imaging

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been used in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) primarily to define the disk position. This report examines altered morphology and signal intensity characteristics of the TMJ disk as they relate to the severity of internal derangement. Two hundred sixteen joints in 133 patients with a history of such derangement. were imaged with MR. Disk position, signal intensity, morphology, and the presence of osteoarthritis were determined for each joint. The normal disk was not anteriorly displaced and had a normal "bow-tie" shape. A grade 1 disk was anteriorly displaced and had a normal shape; a grade 2 disk was anteriorly displaced and had an abnormal shape. Forty (19%) joints were considered normal; none of these exhibited osteoarthritis. One hundred thirty-nine (64%) joints were grade 1; osteoarthritis was found in 17%. Thirty-seven (17%) were grade 2; osteoarthritis was found in 95%. All forty normal joints had high or intermediate signal intensity in the disk. Osteoarthritic joints had a higher percentage of disks with diminished intensity (P less than .0001). Severe or untreated osteoarthritis is known to be a complication of TMJ internal derangements; hence this grading system seems to correlate with the severity of internal derangement.     

Mobilization of early hematopoietic progenitor cells with BB-10010: a genetically engineered variant of human macrophage inflammatory protein- 1 alpha

BB-10010 is a genetically engineered variant of human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha with improved solution properties. We show here that it mobilizes stem cells into the peripheral blood. We investigated the mobilizing effects of BB-10010 on the numbers of circulating 8-day spleen colony-forming units (CFU-S8), CFU-S12, and progenitors with marrow repopulating ability (MRA). A single subcutaneous dose of BB-10010 caused a twofold increase in circulating numbers of CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA 30 minutes after dosing. We also investigated the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G- CSF) and the combination of G-CSF with BB-10010 on progenitor mobilization. Two days of G-CSF treatment increased circulating CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA progenitors by 25.7-, 19.8-, and 27.7-fold. A single administration of BB-10010 after 2 days of G-CSF treatment increased circulating CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA even further to 38-, 33-, and 100- fold. Splenectomy resulted in increased circulating progenitor numbers but did not change the pattern of mobilization. Two days of treatment with G-CSF then increased circulating CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA by 64-, 69-, and 32-fold. A single BB-10010 administration after G-CSF treatment further increased them to 85-, 117-, and 140-fold, respectively, compared with control. We conclude that BB-10010 causes a rapid increase in the number of circulating hematopoietic progenitors and further enhances the numbers induced by pretreatment with G-CSF. BB- 10010 preferentially mobilized the more primitive progenitors with marrow repopulating activity, releasing four times the number achieved with G-CSF alone. Translated into a clinical setting, this improvement in progenitor cell mobilization may enhance the efficiency of harvest and the quality of grafts for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.     

Cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index values in 9-year-old rural Norwegian children

Aim: To describe cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index (BMI) values in a representative population of 9-year-old Norwegian children in two rural communities and compare present values with previous findings.
Methods: Two hundred and fifty-nine 9-year-old children were invited, and 256 participated in this study. Maximal oxygen uptake was directly measured during a continuous progressive treadmill protocol. Body mass and height were also measured.
Results: The mean ± SD relative maximal oxygen uptake was 52.8 ± 6.5 for boys and 46.9 ± 7.2 mL/kg/min for girls. Eight percent of the boys and 16.8% of the girls were classified as overweight, and 1.6% of the boys and 6.9% of the girls as obese. Mean age, body mass, height and Ponderal index were not significantly different between sexes. Girls had a higher BMI than boys (p = 0.05).
Conclusion: Compared to earlier Norwegian studies, children's BMI values seem to have increased substantially. This increase is most pronounced in girls. When assessing these differences using the PI, this increase is less marked. Comparing maximal oxygen uptake data with that in earlier Nordic studies, there is no evidence that fitness has declined among 9-year olds. However, the limitations of the few earlier studies make reliable comparisons difficult.     

那屈肝素钙治疗不同发病时间的急性脑梗死

目的 :研究那屈肝素钙治疗不同发病时间脑梗死的疗效。方法 :5 0例发病 12h以内的脑梗死病人 ,随机分为治疗A组和对照A组各 2 5例 ;6 0例发病 12～ 4 8h ,随机分为治疗B组和对照B组各 30例。以上各组均予以丹参注射液 2 0mL +氯化钠注射液 2 5 0mL ,ivdrip ,qd。治疗组加用那屈肝素钙4 10 0IU ,sc ,q 12h。 4组疗程均 10d。治疗前、治疗后 1mo和 3mo测定病人神经功能缺损程度评分(NFDS)和日常生活活动能力评分 (ADL)。结果 :1mo和 3mo后 ,治疗A组和B组NFDS为 10± 4 ,5± 4和 13± 6 ,8± 3;与对照A组 (13± 5 ,10± 5 )和B组 (14± 7,12± 4 )比较 ,P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1。ADL评分和血液流变学指标各组均有改善 ,但以治疗A组尤为明显 ,P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1。结论 :那屈肝素钙能有效治疗急性脑梗死 ,早期应用效果更佳     

叶托马尾藻中的生物活性甾体成分

目的 研究褐藻叶托马尾藻的活性成分。方法 采用稻瘟霉模型生物活性追踪方法，应用多种色谱手段和光普分析方法分离和鉴定化合物。结果 鉴定了7个甾体类化合物，分别为岩藻甾醇（Ⅰ）,24－乙基－4，24（28）－胆甾二烯－3－酮（Ⅱ），24－乙基－4，24（28）－胆甾二烯－3，6－二酮（Ⅲ），马尾藻甾醇（Ⅳ），24R，28R－和24S，28S－环氧－24－乙基胆甾醇（Ⅴ），胆甾醇－24－酮（Ⅵ）和豆甾醇（－3－O－葡萄糖苷（Ⅶ）。结论 Ⅱ－Ⅶ为首次从该海藻中分离得到，Ⅰ和Ⅲ－Ⅵ具有诱导稻瘟霉菌比来形活性。