基于自动勾画和快速蒙特卡罗计算的放射治疗全身器官剂量数据库平台的可行性研究

目的:探讨建立一种放射治疗全身器官剂量数据库平台的可行性。方法:使用基于深度学习的自动勾画软件DeepViewer?1例食管癌患者的全身CT上勾画全身器官，然后利用基于GPU加速的蒙特卡罗软件ARCHER计算相应的器官剂量分布，最后利用Lyman-Kutcher-Burman（LKB）模型评估放疗患者正常组织并发症概率（NTCP）。结果:针对该病例，成功建立基于DeepViewer?ARCHER和LKB模型的全身器官剂量数据库，发现距离靶区越近的器官剂量越大，其中心脏与靶区间距离最小，剂量为14.11 Gy，但因其模型参数特殊，通过LKB模型计算的NTCP为0.00%；左、右肺的剂量分别为3.19和1.16 Gy，但是NTCP值却很大，分别为2.13%和1.60%。对于距离靶区较远的头颈部器官（视交叉、视神经和眼）和腹部器官（直肠、膀胱和股骨头）剂量分别约为9和2 mGy，并且NTCP均近似为0.00%。结论:研究结果证明通过自动勾画软件DeepViewer?蒙特卡罗软件ARCHER和LKB模型建立全身器官剂量数据库的可行性。     

Differences in bioavailability between cocaine and cocaethylene and their implications for drug-reward studies

Cocaethylene, a psychoactive metabolite resulting from combined ethanol/cocaine consumption, is of interest because its psychostimulant properties may partially underlie combined cocaine/ethanol use, and because it has the potential for use as a probe of drug reward mechanisms due to its enhanced selectivity at monoamine uptake sites compared to cocaine. To determine the relative systemic bioavailabilities of cocaine and cocaethylene, sequential plasma samples were obtained from awake rats following drug administration. Following intravenous administration of 3 µmol/kg (molar equivalent of 1 mg/kg cocaine-HCl), both drugs achieved similar time courses and areas under the plasma concentration versus time curve. In contrast, intraperitoneal administration of 44 µmol/kg (molar equivalent of 15 mg/kg cocaine HCl) showed peak plasma levels, and the area under the plasma concentration vs time curve for cocaine to be approximately twice that for cocaethylene. Comparison of dose corrected areas under the curve of the two routes of administration for each drug indicated that relative systemic bioavailability of cocaethylene following intraperitoneal administration is only 58% that of cocaine. In addition, the elimination of both cocaine and cocaethylene was found to be slower following intraperitoneal administration compared to the intravenous route. The implications of these results are discussed with respect to the relative potency of these two compounds, as inferred from behavioral, drug reward, and lethality studies. Also, the differences noted will need to be taken into account when making mechanistic interpretations from comparative drug reward studies.     

羊水粪染与羊膜腔感染的关系

【摘要】 目的 :探讨羊水粪染与羊膜腔感染的关系。方法 :选择未临产且胎膜完整的剖宫产产妇 5 6例 ,根据术中所见羊水性状分为羊水清亮组、羊水Ⅰ～II度粪染组和羊水III度粪染组。于剖宫产术中取羊水用双抗体夹心ELISA法测IL 6含量 ,取胎盘胎膜做病理检查以了解有无炎性细胞浸润 ,并记录新生儿Apgar评分 ,观察产妇术后有无产褥感染。结果 :3组羊水中IL 6含量差异无显著性 ,3组胎盘标本病理检查示炎性细胞浸润之差异亦无显著性 ,而羊水粪染组新生儿窒息发生率较清亮组明显增加 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :羊水粪染尤其是III度粪染是胎儿窘迫的标志 ,而与羊膜腔感染无明显相关性。     

慢性非细菌性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征患者前列腺液中炎症因子差异表达的临床意义

Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS) patients. Methods The 38 cases with CAP/CPPS patients (18 cases of CAP and 20 cases of CPPS) and 20 cases of healthy controls were selected. The differential expressions of 40 kinds of inflammatory cytokines were detec-ted by antibody arrays in prostate fluid. Results The inflammatory cytokines which increased more than 1.5 times expression have been found. There were seven kinds in CAP including monocyte che-moattractant protein (MCP)-1, solution tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ(s TNF R Ⅱ), platelet-de-rived growth faetor-BB (PDGF-BB), interleukin (IL)-β, IL-11、IL-6、MCP-2 and five kinds in CPPS groups including MCP-1、PDGF-BB、MCP-2、s TNF R Ⅱ、It-11 respectively, compared with healthy control group. The cluster analysis results showed that protein expression of Monocyte chemoattrac-tant protein 1 (MCP-1)and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were significantly increased in CAP (3.47 and 2.07 times) and CPPS (2.25 and 2.19 times) compared with healthy control group and were the final polymerization of inflammatory cytokines. The protein expression of interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), MCP-1 and soluble tumor necrosis factor Ⅱ (s TNF R Ⅱ) in CAP group was increased more than 1.85,1.55,1.67 times compared with CPPS group. Conclusions Elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the course of CAP/CPPS disease. The extent of the inflammatory response of CAP was higher than CPPS. The inflammatory factors of MCP-1 and PDGF-BB could serve as a novel diagnostic marker.     

Drug-responsive symptoms during early neuroleptic treatment.

Identification of symptoms that are directly responsive to neuroleptic drugs at progressive phases of treatment is important for monitoring drug response and understanding the relationship between neurochemical mechanisms of drug action and disordered behavior. Using multiple regression analyses that controlled for pretreatment severity, we identified those symptoms that improved in direct relation to serum concentrations of perphenazine after 10 days of treatment. Improvement in two positive symptoms of psychosis--hallucinations and conceptual disorganization--appears to be related to perphenazine level and useful for assessment of early drug response.     

中国三囊库蠓亚属的种类分布及分类研究(双翅目:蠓科)

本文报告了我国三囊库蠓亚属Culicoides(Trithecoides)已知24种。亚属的鉴别特征,主要特征测量值以及雌虫和雄虫分种检索表。     

Role of angiotensin Ⅱ and JAK2 signal pathway in transdifferentation of renal tubular cells in mice after acute ischemic followed by reperfusion

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin (Ang) Ⅱ and its Janns-activated kinase-2 (JAK2) signal pathway in transdifferentiation of renal tubular cells under the challenge of acute ischemic reperfusion injury.Methods Models of acute ischemic reperfusion injury were established and the level of local Ang Ⅱ ,a key element of renin-angiotensin system (RAS),in kidney was measured using radioimmunity technique.The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),a phenotype of mesenchymal cells,was detected by RT-PCR and inununohistochemistry methods.Renal tubule cells ( NRK-52E) were cultured with various concentration of Ang Ⅱ ,followed by blocking of PD123319,Ang U receptor 2 antagonist,and AG490,an inhibitor of JAK2 signal pathway.Results Ang 0 of kidney tissue increased immediately after acute ischemic-reperfusion injury,in time dependent fashion.Expression of α-SMA in renal tubule cells was found at 48 hours after ischemic-reperfusion injury and in NRK-52E cells treated by high concentration of Ang Ⅱ and was dose and time dependent.The peak of α-SMA expression was seen after 30 minute treatment at the dose of 10-9'mol/L,which was interrupted by both of PD123319 and AG490.Conclusions Transdifferentiarion of renal tubular epithelial cells occurs under acute ischemic- reperfusion injury.Local renin-angiotensin system may play a role in the transdifferentiation of TEC through AT2 receptor and its JAK2 signal pathway.     

EBVTK激酶基因在原核细胞中的表达及其在NPC诊断中的意义

目的 探索以Epstein-Barr病毒（EBV）TK激酶为抗原，建立简便、快速、敏感和特异的鼻咽癌（NPC）诊断方法。方法 构建原核表达载体pRSET-TK，在原核细胞BL21（DF3）中获得高效表达的TK激酶，以Western blot检测证明其抗原的特异性和应用于NPC检测的可行性。以纯化的TK激酶为抗原初步建立ELISA检测方法，检测NPC患者血清中TK／IgG抗体。结果 在NPC患者血清中含有特异的针对TK激酶的IgG抗体，Western blot TK/IgG检测的敏感度和特异度均为100％。结论 初步建立了ELISA TK／IgG诊断NPC方法，具有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

SEN病毒ORF2基因序列和抗原性的初步分析

目的对SEN病毒(SENV)开放阅读框(ORF)2基因进行序列测定分析和原核表达,并对表达蛋白进行抗原性分析。方法用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法扩增SENVORF2基因,对该基因进行序列测定、系统进化分析,双酶切扩增产物与原核表达载体pRSETB构建成重组质粒,诱导表达后进行SDSPAGE和免疫印迹分析。结果该株SENVORF2与北京株(AY072045)核苷酸同源性为97%,氨基酸同源性为59%;与日本株(AB059352)同源性分别为90%和56%。含有SENVORF2质粒的菌株表达相对分子质量约为19×103的融合蛋白,免疫印迹证明该融合蛋白能与SENVDNA阳性血清发生特异反应。结论表达了158个氨基酸的SENVORF2原核表达蛋白具有一定的抗原活性。