Indications and results of relaxing retinotomy

The authors report their results of a consecutive series of 40 eyes undergoing relaxing retinotomy during vitrectomy to achieve retinal reattachment for the following indications: proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), 21 eyes (52%); trauma, 10 eyes (25%); diabetic retinopathy, 6 eyes (15%); and expulsive choroidal hemorrhage, 3 eyes (8%). Thirty eyes (75%) had undergone previous vitreoretinal procedures. Extended tamponade was achieved in all cases with either silicone oil (27 eyes, 68%) or long-acting gas (13 eyes, 32%). Retinotomy size ranged from 45 degrees to 360 degrees. Intraoperative retinal attachment was possible in all eyes with 33 (83%) achieving total or subtotal retinal attachment including the macula for 5 months or more. Twenty-seven eyes (68%) achieved 3/200 visual acuity or better and 10 (37%) achieved 20/400 or better. Thirteen eyes (32%) failed to achieve 3/200 visual acuity secondary to recurrent detachment (18%), corneal decompensation (8%), macular dysfunction (5%), and glaucoma (3%).     

Safer, more expensive iodinated contrast agents: how do we decide?

The advantages of the new, safer, but more expensive iodinated contrast agents are discussed, and opinions on which patient groups should receive the agents are presented.     

抗胆碱药3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)奎宁环烷的立体化学和构效关系

研究了强效抗胆碱药dl-3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)-奎宁环烷的四个光学异构体的两种不对称合成方法,用HPLC检测了异构体含量,讨论了构效关系。     

Pulmonary artery catheterization: a modified technique

A modified technique for catheterization of the pulmonary artery was developed. It involves the passage of a tapered, movable-core, J-tipped guide wire across the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery followed by the advancement of a straightened Grollman pigtail catheter. The technique was successful in 34 of 34 pulmonary artery catheterizations. The method avoids prolonged catheter manipulation within the right ventricle. In addition, since the catheter does not cross the tricuspid valve until the guide wire has been advanced, the occasional complication of the pigtail "hooking" on a tricuspid valve leaflet or chordae tendineae during catheter withdrawal and manipulation is prevented.     

Platelet activating factor as a proinflammatory mediator in acetic-induced colitis in the rat

The nature of histamine receptors in peripheral tissues is still controversial. However, evidence of heterogeneous classes of binding sites for [³H]-mepyramine are reported in the literature. The aim of our study was, therefore, to investigate the nature of this heterogeneity by comparing [³H]-mepyramine study was, therefore, to investigate the nature of this heterogeneity by comparing [³H]-mepyramine binding in a central tissue (cerebellum) and in a peripheral tissue (lung) obtained from guinea pigs and to assess its dependence upon the temperature of incubation. The results revealed that the [³H]-mepyramine interaction in both tissues is temperature-dependent. At 25°C, the interaction between [³H]-mepyramine and the receptors was biphasic in the lung while only a single class of binding site was found in the cerebellum. At 0°C, [³H]-mepyramine interacted with three binding sites in the lung and two in the cerebellum. The behaviour of the reference compounds (clemastine, promethazine and histamine) also supported this temperature-dependence. Moreover, two new compounds (DF 11062 and DF 11113), synthesized in our laboratories and endowed with antihistamine activity, can differentiate between the low affinity site seen at 25°C in the lung and that seen in the cerebellum at 0°C.     

Correlation between immunosuppressive activity and translation regulatory activity

An immunoglobulin negative material from the eluate of an anti-idiotype immunosorbent column [1] exhibited potent immunosuppressive activity. This material also inhibited the translation of globin mRNA in a cell-free reticulocyte lysate system. The translation inhibitory activity of this material was not attributable to nucleases which were separable by a blue-dextran agarose column. Further correlation between immunosuppressive activity and translation inhibitory activity was observed when GTP or GTP analogue was included in experimental systems. These results suggest that the immunosuppressive factor (or factors) may contain a translation inhibitory factor. The biochemical mechanism of immunosuppression is discussed.     

乳腺管状小叶癌

乳腺管状小叶癌（Tubulolobular carcinoma，TLC）最初是被作为小叶癌的管状变型。作者总结了27例TLC的组织学、免疫表型和临床特征，并与纯小管癌和经典型小叶癌进行了比较。此组患者年龄43-79岁（中位年龄60岁）。1例双侧乳腺受累，5例病变为多灶性。肿瘤直径0．5-2．5cm，色灰褐，质硬。组织学观察：TLC的肿瘤细胞形成管状和条索状两种结构模式并相互混杂，且两者比例相当（统称为管状小叶模式）。