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1.
Summary One way to explain the development of head and neck cancer is through the theories of field cancerization, i.e., the exposure of an entire field of tissue to repeated carcinogenic insult, and multistep process, i.e., development of multiple cancers in a predisposed field through a series of recognizable states. Recent molecular genetic studies of histologically normal and prealignant epithelia of high-risk subjects and studies of malignant tumors in aerodigestive tract epithelia have identified a continuum of accumulated specific genetic alterations that possibly occur during the clonal evolution of tumors, namely, during the multistep process. Second primary or multiple primary tumors arise in the same fields as independent clones, with similar but unique molecular genetic and/or cellular alterations. Consequently, the assessment of these genetic and phenotypic alterations has been integrated into clinical chemoprevention trials in an effort to identify biomarkers that are also risk predictors and intermediate end points. This review covers candidate biomarkers of the processes of field cancerization and multistep tumor development in aerodigestive tract epithelia, including general and specific genetic markers, proliferation markers, and squamous differentiation markers. 相似文献
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Mina Saeedneja Mohammadreza Zafarghandi Narjes Khalili Vali Baigi Moein Khormali Zahra Ghodsi Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini Gerard M. O’Reilly Khatereh Naghdi Melika Khaleghi-Nekou Seyed mohammad Piri Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Somayeh Bahrami Marjan Laal Mahdi Mohammadzadeh Esmaeil Fakharian Habibollah Pirneja Hamid Pahlavanhosseini Payman Salamati Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani 《中华创伤杂志(英文版)》2021,24(3):153-158
Purpose: Injuries are one of the leading causes of death and lead to a high social and financial burden. Injury patterns can vary significantly among different age groups and body regions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mechanism of injury, patient comorbidities and severity of injuries.
Methods: The study included trauma patients from July 2016 to June 2018, who were admitted to Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The inclusion criteria were all injured patients who had at least one of the following: hospital length of stay more than 24 h, death in hospital, and transfer from the intensive care unit of another hospital. Data collection was performed using the National Trauma Registry of Iran minimum dataset.
Results: The most common injury mechanism was road traffic injuries (49.0%), followed by falls (25.5%). The mean age of those who fell was significantly higher in comparison with other mechanisms (p < 0.001). Severe extremity injuries occurred more often in the fall group than in the vehicle collision group (69.0% vs. 43.5%, p < 0.001). Moreover, cases of severe multiple trauma were higher amongst vehicle collisions than injuries caused by falls (27.8% vs. 12.9%, p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Comparing falls with motor vehicle collisions, patients who fell were older and sustained more extremity injuries. Patients injured by motor vehicle collision were more likely to have sustained multiple trauma than those presenting with falls. Recognition of the relationship between mechanisms and consequences of injuries may lead to more effective interventions. 相似文献
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Saeed Hajirezaee Hojatollah Jafaryan Samane Nazeri Khadijeh Shamekhi Ranjbar Hossein Khara Amin Golpour 《Comparative clinical pathology》2013,22(1):101-105
To investigate the role of sex steroids of the seminal fluid on sperm quality, the relationships between sex steroids and milt quality parameters (sperm motility and sperm production) were investigated in the Persian sturgeon. The seminal fluid levels of 17α,20β,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20βs), and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) had positive relationships with sperm motility characteristics (percentage and duration of motility) and sperm density. Also, no relationships were found between other sex steroids including: Testosterone (T), progesterone (P), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (OHP), and milt quality parameters. The good correlation of 20βs and 11-KT of the seminal fluid with sperm motility and sperm density suggests that these steroids may be important hormones involving in final maturation of the Persian sturgeon spermatozoa. 相似文献
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HRAS mutations and resistance to the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells 下载免费PDF全文
Curtis R. Pickering PhD Mitchell J. Frederick PhD Genevieve A. Andrews MD Samar A. Jasser PhD David R. Fooshee BS Zvonimir L. Milas MD Chad Galer MD Daisuke Sano MD PhD William N. William MD Jr Edward Kim MD John Heymach MD PhD Lauren A. Byers MD Vali Papadimitrakopoulou MD Jeffrey N. Myers MD PhD 《Head & neck》2014,36(11):1547-1554
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Otero González I Montero Martínez C Blanco Aparicio M Valiño López P Verea Hernando H 《Archivos de bronconeumología》2000,36(6):351-353
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) develops as the result of a hypersensitivity reaction to fungi of the genus Aspergillus. Clinical and radiological presentation can be atypical, requiring a high degree of suspicion on the part of the physician who treats such patients. We report the cases of two patients with APBA in whom the form of presentation--with few asthma symptoms, images showing lobar atelectasia and hilar adenopathy--led to an initial suspicion of lung cancer. 相似文献
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A 28-year-old lady with a long history of pain at left subcostal margin, referred by the gynecologist after her ultrasound showed an incidental splenic cyst while she was being investigated for a gynecological complaint. 相似文献
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Nayebzadeh A Dufresne A Case B Vali H Williams-Jones AE Martin R Normand C Clark J 《Archives of environmental health》2001,56(1):65-76
Fiber dimension and concentration may vary substantially between two necropsy populations of former chrysotile miners and millers of Thetford-Mines and Asbestos regions. This possibility could explain, at least in part, the higher incidence of respiratory diseases among workers from Thetford-Mines than among workers from the Asbestos region. The authors used a transmission electron microscope, equipped with an x-ray energy-dispersive spectrometer, to analyze lung mineral fibers of 86 subjects from the two mining regions and to classify fiber sizes into three categories. The most consistent difference was the higher concentration of tremolite in lung tissues of workers from Thetford-Mines, compared with workers from the Asbestos region. Amosite and crocidolite were also detected in lung tissues of several workers from the Asbestos region. No consistent and biologically important difference was found for fiber dimension; therefore, fiber dimension does not seem to be a factor that accounts for the difference in incidence of respiratory diseases between the two groups. The greater incidence of respiratory diseases among workers of Thetford-Mines can be explained by the fact that they had greater exposure to fibers than did workers at the Asbestos region. Among the mineral fibers studied, retention of tremolite fibers was most apparent. 相似文献