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Epinephrine (1, 3 and 10 micrograms/kg) was found to increase retinal and choroidal blood flow (22, 49 and 67%) when it was administered intravenously. The increase in retinal and choroidal blood flow coincided well with the increase in systemic blood pressure (44, 65 and 96%, respectively). When epinephrine (2%) was instilled to the eyes topically the retinal and choroidal blood flow decreased (15%) while systemic blood pressure remained unchanged. It is suggested that the decrease in retinal and choroidal blood flow by topical epinephrine could be the cause of epinephrine maculopathy reported previously. L-Timolol (0.25%, topically) did not affect retinal and choroidal blood flow significantly. 相似文献
4.
M Kilpatrick N Girgis Z Farid E Bishay 《Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases》1991,23(1):125-126
10 patients with meningitis due to unusual gram-negative organisms (Pseudomonas, Proteus, Salmonella and Klebsiella) were effectively treated with aztreonam. A detailed history and a thorough physical examination combined with careful laboratory testing resulted in accurate diagnosis and cure of all patients. 相似文献
5.
Dexamethasone adjunctive treatment for tuberculous meningitis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
N I Girgis Z Farid M E Kilpatrick Y Sultan I A Mikhail 《The Pediatric infectious disease journal》1991,10(3):179-183
During a 5-year period, 280 of 2010 patients admitted to the meningitis ward of a referral hospital in Cairo, Egypt, were clinically diagnosed as having tuberculous meningitis and were treated with either antituberculous chemotherapy and dexamethasone or antituberculous chemotherapy alone. Fatality rates and neurologic sequelae were compared for the 2 treatment groups in the 160 patients who had cerebrospinal fluid cultures positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The overall mortality rate of 51% reflects the delay in receiving appropriate therapy (79% with symptoms for more than 2 weeks) and the severity of illness on admission (56% in coma, 39% drowsy). The fatality rate was significantly lower in the group receiving dexamethasone (43% vs. 59%, P less than 0.05), particularly in the drowsy patients (15% vs. 40% P less than 0.04), and in patients surviving long enough to receive at least 10 days of treatment (14% vs. 33%, P less than 0.02). Development of neurologic complications after initiation of therapy (4 vs. 10) and permanent sequelae (6 vs. 13) were significantly lower in the dexamethasone-treated group (P less than 0.02). 相似文献
6.
Status,challenges and facilitators of consumer involvement in Australian health and medical research
Background
The emergent international practice of involving consumers in health research is driven, in part, by the growing share of health research that can only be applied in and emerge from knowledge that is shaped by human values and societal contexts. This is the first investigation of its kind to identify the current prevalence, challenges, enabling factors and range of approaches to consumer involvement in health and medical research in Australia. 相似文献7.
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Ibraheim A. Naga Francois B. Sakla Zaiful A. Girgis Fathy A. State 《Developmental dynamics》1970,129(1):53-63
Twenty-five rabbits were used to study the effect of glossopharyngeal nerve transection upon the number, size and cellular constitution of the taste buds. The glossopharyngeal nerve was cut on one side, the other being left undisturbed as a control. The animals were sacrificed in groups of three after 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 days, and 2 and 4 months after the operation. Seven days after the operation the size and number of intragemmal cells were decreased in the taste buds. The taste pores with hairlets passing through them disappeared. The number of taste buds on circumvallate papillae decreased. After ten days taste buds in both types of papillae showed signs of degeneration. Fourteen days after the operation there was a marked decrease in size and number of taste buds. The circumvallate papillae now possessed no taste buds. After 21 days few taste buds were present in foliate gutters. These consisted of one or two sustentacular cells each. After 30 days there were no taste buds on foliate papillae, and thickness of the epithelium lining the gutters was decreased. Two or four months after denervation, the foliate gutters were shallow and some had become flattened. The importance of the gustatory nerve for development and maintenance of the normal status of the taste buds is discussed. 相似文献
10.
Rodgers KE; Girgis W; St Amand K; Campeau J; diZerega GS 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(9):2443-2451
Adhesion formation is a major source of postoperative morbidity and
mortality. In this study, the ability of a variety of lazaroid formulations
[the antioxidant 21-aminosteroid PNU74006F (tirilazad) and the
non-steroidal 2-methylaminochroman derivative PNU83,836E] to reduce i.p.
adhesion formation in three rabbit models was examined. In initial studies,
PNU83836E was administered via Alzet miniosmotic pump to the site of
injury. In the sidewall and double uterine horn models, PNU83,836E was
administered via Alzet miniosmotic pump for the entire postoperative
interval. In the sidewall model, there was a dose- dependent reduction in
the area of the sidewall injury that was involved in adhesions. In the
double uterine horn model, PNU83,836E was administered via Alzet
miniosmotic pump to the area of injury for 1, 2, 3 or 7 days.
Administration for as little as 24 h after surgery significantly reduced
the extent of adhesion formation and the reduction was increased if it was
administered for longer. Further studies were conducted in which various
lazaroid formulations were administered as a bolus at the end of surgery.
In both the sidewall and double uterine horn models, administration of
either PNU83,386E (in citrate buffer) or PNU74006F (in cyclodextrin or
lipid emulsion vehicles) at the end of surgery reduced adhesion formation.
Administration of a bolus of PNU74006F 10 min prior to initiation of
surgery with or without additional treatment at the end of surgery further
increased its efficacy in the reduction of adhesion formation.
Administration of a minimum of 1.5 mg before and after surgery (3 mg total)
was required for maximal efficacy. These studies demonstrate that pre- and
postoperative administration of either a steroidal (PNU74006F) or
non-steroidal (PNU83,836E) lazaroid intraperitoneally reduced the formation
and reformation of postoperative adhesions in three animal models.
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