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排序方式: 共有100条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
We present an atypical case of peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement in Sjogren's syndrome in a 63 year-old woman. Symptoms of an entrapment neuropathy were the first manifestation of the systemic disease and they were subsequently coupled to those of a mononeuritis multiplex. Clinical and laboratory signs for the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome became subsequently overt. The mononeuritis multiplex remained clinically limited to the upper limbs and characterized by unusually severe motor symptoms which progressed up to the development of a final complete deplegia. By contrast, sensory symptoms at the upper limbs remained mild over the entire course of the disease and the lower limbs revealed a subclinical sensory-motor damage only during the late stage. 相似文献
2.
E Pannese L Rigamonti P Procacci M Ledda G Arcidiacono D Frattola 《Journal of submicroscopic cytology and pathology》1988,20(2):325-333
The structure, size and distribution of many cytoplasmic components of Schwann cells associated with unmyelinated axons in lizard thoracic spinal roots were analysed under the electron microscope. The percentages of Schwann cell cytoplasmic area occupied by the following cytoplasmic components were determined: mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, granular endoplasmic reticulum, multivesicular bodies, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, lipofuscin granules, peroxisome-like bodies, autophagic vacuoles, dense bodies and lipid droplets. A linear correlation was found between the sectional areas of the mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum of the Schwann cell and both length of Schwann cell plasma membrane profile and size of the related axoplasm. The structure of Schwann cells associated with unmyelinated axons and that of Schwann cells associated with myelinated axons were compared in the same species and in the same region of the peripheral nervous system using the same fixative and the same preparation technique. Some differences were detected in the organization of the granular endoplasmic reticulum, in the presence of cilia and in the percentages of cytoplasm occupied by various components. The hypothesis that Schwann cell mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum are involved in the production and storage of proteins for the plasma membrane of this cell as well as the hypothesis that these organelles are involved in the production and storage of protein metabolites which are subsequently transferred to the related axons seem applicable not only to Schwann cells associated with myelinated axons (Pannese et al., in press), but also to those associated with unmyelinated ones. 相似文献
3.
An eight-arm radial maze was used to investigate a possible short-term (during the development of tolerance and dependence) and long-term (6, 9 and 12 months after treatment) effect on working memory, in young rats, which drank morphine (0.5mg/ml) for 1 month, or to which the drug was administered by i.p. injection (at weekly increasing doses of 20, 50, 100, 200mg/kg). Tail flick test and cortically derived electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were also carried out in the same rats to determine any modifications in analgesia and in total EEG mean power spectra during treatment and withdrawal. Complete tolerance to morphine analgesia developed during the period of drug treatment. Chronic morphine significantly impaired radial maze performance in the working memory components of the task during both treatment and early withdrawal, but only in the i.p. group. Six and 9 months after morphine treatment, both the oral and i.p. group showed a significant impairment of radial maze performance. The mean power spectra were altered during treatment but returned to baseline values during abstinence, except for the first day. These findings suggest the possibility of morphine-induced premature ageing, which is more evident in i.p. treated animals. The mechanism by which morphine treatment produces residual long-term learning impairment requires further elucidation. 相似文献
4.
Ferrarese C Zoia C Pecora N Piolti R Frigo M Bianchi G Sala G Begni B Riva R Frattola L 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》1999,106(7-8):685-692
Summary. Defects in mitochondrial enzymes have been found not only in substantia nigra, but also in platelets from Parkinson's Disease
(PD) patients, suggesting a systemic impairment of energy metabolism. Since platelets present an energy-dependent glutamate
uptake similar to that described in central nervous system, glutamate uptake was determined in platelets from 34 PD patients
and 21 age-related normal controls, as Na+-dependent [3H]glutamate influx; glutamate level was also analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. A 50% reduction of glutamate uptake (p < 0.001)
was observed in idiopathic PD patients, respect to controls and secondary parkinsonian syndromes. The decrease correlated
with the severity of PD, measured by the UPDRS (r = −0.54; P < 0.05). Glutamate level was increased in platelets of PD patients,
but was not correlated to the uptake decrease. Both phoenomena may be explained by the modifications of mitochondrial enzymes
described in platelets, which could be used as a peripheral model of glutamatergic function in PD.
Received October 7, 1998; accepted January 7, 1999 相似文献
5.
Time and frequency domain estimates of spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity provide early detection of autonomic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
A. Frattola G. Parati P. Gamba F. Paleari G. Mauri M. Di Rienzo P. Castiglioni G. Mancia 《Diabetologia》1997,40(12):1470-1475
Summary Diabetic autonomic dysfunction is associated with a high risk of mortality which makes its early identification clinically
important. The aim of our study was to compare the detection of autonomic dysfunction provided by classical laboratory autonomic
function tests with that obtained through computer assessment of the spontaneous sensitivity of the baroreceptor-heart rate
reflex (BRS) by time domain and frequency domain techniques. In 20 normotensive diabetic patients (mean age ± SD 41.9 ± 8.1
years) with no evidence of autonomic dysfunction on laboratory autonomic testing (D0) blood pressure (BP) and ECG were continuously
monitored over 15 min in the supine position. BRS was assessed as the slope of the regression line between spontaneous increases
or reductions in systolic BP and linearly related lengthening or shortening in RR interval over sequences of at least 4 consecutive
beats (sequence method), or as the squared ratio between RR interval and systolic BP spectral powers around 0.1 Hz. We compared
the results with those of 32 age-matched normotensive diabetic patients with abnormal autonomic function tests (D1) and with
those of 24 healthy age-matched control subjects with normal autonomic function tests (C). Compared to C, BRS was markedly
less in D1 when assessed by both the slope of the two types of sequences (data pooled) and by the spectral method (–71.3 %
and –60.2 % respectively, both p < 0.01). However, BRS was consistently although somewhat less markedly reduced in D0, the reduction being clearly evident
for all the estimates (–57.0 % and –43.5 %, both p < 0.01). The effects were more evident than those obtained by the simple quantification of the RR interval variability. These
data suggest that time and frequency domain estimates of spontaneous BRS allow earlier detection of diabetic autonomic dysfunction
than classical laboratory autonomic tests. The estimates can be obtained by short non-invasive recording of the BP and RR
interval signals in the supine patient, i. e. under conditions suitable for routine outpatient evaluation. [Diabetologia (1997)
40: 1470–1475]
Received: 30 April 1997 and in revised form: 31 July 1997 相似文献
6.
Ferrarese C Sala G Riva R Begni B Zoia C Tremolizzo L Galimberti G Millul A Bastone A Mennini T Balzarini C Frattola L Beghi E;Italian ALS Study Group 《Neurology》2001,56(2):270-272
Decreased glutamate uptake and a loss of the astrocytic glutamate transporter EAAT2 (GLT-1) have been shown in spinal cord and motor cortex of patients with ALS. Because platelets express the three major glutamate transporter subtypes, including GLT-1, and possess a high-affinity glutamate uptake, the authors investigated glutamate uptake in platelets from patients with ALS and controls. A 43% reduction of high-affinity glutamate uptake rate (p < 0.0001) was observed in patients with ALS compared with normal controls and chronic neurologic disorder patients, suggesting a systemic impairment of glutamate uptake in ALS. 相似文献
7.
Summary A 7 year-old boy suffering since early infancy from muscular weakness with diffuse hypotrophy and hypotonia is described. There was a remarkable intellectual retardation, but not hepato or cardiomegaly.A muscle biopsy revealed large quantities of glycogen stored inside the muscular fibres; electron-microscopic investigations indicated that glycogen was lying free between the myofilaments and was also stored in membrane-bound vescicles, possibly lysosomes. Biochemical studies showed the absence of acid maltase in muscular tissue.The case has been considered as a mild form of glycogenosis type II (Pompe's disease) without visceral involvement and with survival into adult life.The possibility that a peculiar metabolic pattern could be present in this form of glycogenosis is discussed along with other existing hypotheses seeking to explain the relative mildness of the disease in spite of the huge accumulation of glycogen.
Zusammenfassung Es wird ein 7jähriger Knabe beschrieben, welcher seit früher Kindheit eine Muskelschwäche mit diffuser Hypotrophie und Hypotonie aufwies. Psychischer Entwicklungsrückstand, aber keine Hepato- oder Kardiomegalie.Eine Muskelbiopsie zeigte große Mengen von Glykogen innerhalb der Muskelfasern. Die elektronenoptische Untersuchung zeigte, daß das Glykogen sowohl frei zwischen den Myofilamenten als auch in membranumgebenen Vesikeln, möglicherweise Lyosomen gespeichert war. Es konnte biochemisch das Fehlen der sauren Maltase im Muskelgewebe gezeigt werden. Es wurde angenommen, daß es sich um eine milde Form der Glykogenose vom Typus II (Pompe) handelt ohne viscerale Beteiligung und mit Überleben bis in das Erwachsenenalter. Es wurde die Möglichkeit diskutiert, daß im vorliegenden Fall eine besondere Form der Stoffwechselstörung vorlag, welche den relativ milden Verlauf der Erkrankung trotz der hochgradigen Glykogenspeicherung erklären könnte.相似文献
8.
Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBR) modulate chemotaxis and cytokine production of monocytes and lymphocytes. Since PBR are decreased in animal models of stress and in patients with anxiety disorders, in the present study we analyze the ability of monocytes obtained from patients suffering from generalized anxiety to migrate towards chemoattracting benzodiazepines. In these patients, the benzodiazepine-induced chemotaxis is completely abolished, while the response to the control chemoattractant formyl-leu-met-phe is still maintained. The chemotaxis responses are not restored after pharmacological treatment of the pathology. The decreased chemotactic response could be linked to a decreased number of PBR receptors present on monocytes of generalized anxiety disorder patients. 相似文献
9.
Guido Cavaletti Patrizia Santoro Elio Agostoni Alessandra Zincone Chiara Gori Lodovico Frattola Giovanni Tredici 《European journal of neurology》1999,6(2):249-253
We report the case of a woman with axonal sensory and autonomic neuropathy lasting several months who improved in association with steroid administration. During the course of her disease and in the follow-up, the patient underwent repeated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations, neurophysiological somatic, autonomic nervous system studies and sural nerve biopsy. Clinical and laboratory assessments demonstrated the occurrence of a monophasic, chronic sensory and autonomic neuropathy. A sural nerve biopsy suggested an axonopathy. After a progressive worsening of symptoms lasting about 6 months, steroid treatment was started and within 6 months a complete recovery, with normalization of the CSF findings, was observed. Although the 'chronic inflammatory neuropathies' are still debated entities, the features of this chronic, exclusively sensory and autonomic neuropathy are new, and the occurrence of a high protein level in the CSF, together with the favorable outcome associated with steroid treatment, suggests that our case might be another variant in this debated area. 相似文献
10.
Bogliun G. Marzorati L. Cavaletti G. Frattola L. 《The Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences》1992,13(8):643-647
The use of high doses of cisplatin (DDP) in the treatment of different solid tumors is often prevented by the onset of a disabling
sensory neuropathy. In an attempt to minimize DDP-induced neurotoxicity different schedules of DDP administration have been
tested. Moreover, during the past few years some putative neuroprotective drugs have been reported as reducing DDP neurotoxicity.
In this prospective, randomized study we evaluated in a series of 33 patients affected by relapsing ovarian cancer the effect
on the sensory pathway of a non-conventional schedule of DDP administration as monochemiotherapy or in combination with one
of the neuroprotective drugs (i.e. glutathione). The results of the neurophysiologic examinations performed before and immediately
after chemotherapy suggest that these schedules besides being safe and effective in the treatment of the ovarian cancer, have
an extremely low peripheral neurotoxicity.
Paper presented at the National Congress at Sorrento in 1991 and selected by the Editorial Board of the Journal. 相似文献