Adding Bupivacaine to High-potassium Cardioplegia Improves Function and Reduces Cellular Damage of Rat Isolated Hearts after Prolonged, Cold Storage

Background: Bupivacaine retards myocardial acidosis during ischemia. The authors measured function of rat isolated hearts after prolonged storage to determine whether bupivacaine improves cardiac protection compared with standard cardioplegia alone.

Methods: After measuring cardiac function on a Langendorff apparatus, hearts were perfused with cardioplegia alone (controls), cardioplegia containing 500 [mu]m bupivacaine, or cardioplegia containing 2 mm lidocaine; were stored at 4[degrees]C for 12 h; and were then reperfused. Heart rate and left ventricular developed pressures were measured for 60 min. Maximum positive rate of change in ventricular pressure, oxygen consumption, and lactate dehydrogenase release were also measured.

Results: All bupivacaine-treated, four of five lidocaine-treated, and no control hearts beat throughout the 60-min recovery period. Mean values of heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure, maximum positive rate of change in ventricular pressure, rate-pressure product, and efficiency in bupivacaine-treated hearts exceeded those of the control group (P < 0.001 at 60 min for all). Mean values of the lidocaine group were intermediate. Oxygen consumption of the control group exceeded the other groups early in recovery, but not at later times. Lactate dehydrogenase release from the bupivacaine group was less than that from the control group (P < 0.001) but did not differ from baseline.     

CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE KNEE AS A CONSEQUENCE OF PERSISTENT AMNIOTIC FLUID LEAKAGE

SUMMARY A case congenital dislocation of both knees and dislocation of the left hip in an infant whose mother had a chronic amniotic fluid leakage after mid-trimester amniocentesis.     

高效液相色谱法测定右旋儿茶素血浆浓度及药代动力学参数

本文建立了体液中右旋儿茶素的RP-HPLC测定方法。采用C_(18)键合相硅胶为填料的固相提取柱进行样品预处理,右旋儿茶素的提取回收率为79.8%.应用二极管阵列检测器对色谱峰纯度进行鉴定。该法精密度好,方法回收率近100%,日内、日间的变异系数为2.4～5.6%,血浓69.6～1160 ng/ml范围内呈线性关系,r=0.9993。家兔静注右旋儿茶素18mg/kg,其药代动力学过程符合二室模型,分布相半衰期为0.129 h,消除相半衰期为1.19h。     

An antibody with specificity for surfactant protein C precursors: identification of pro-SP-C in rat lung.

Surfactant protein C (SP-C) is a lung-specific, hydrophobic peptide found in organic extracts of pulmonary surfactant. Alveolar SP-C (3.5 kD) is produced from proteolytic cleavage of a larger precursor molecule (pro-SP-C; 21 kD). While SP-C is synthesized by type II cells, the pathways for processing and secretion have remained elusive due, in part, to the lack of monospecific antibodies against SP-C or its precursors. This report describes production and characterization of a new antibody directed against pro-SP-C epitopes. Polyclonal antisera (anti-CPRO-SP-C) was prepared using a synthetic peptide corresponding to a portion of rat SP-C cDNA sequence (Ile26-Ser72). This contained amino acids 3-35 of mature SP-C plus additional C-terminal residues (His59-Ser72). On Western blots, anti-CPRO-SP-C competitively reacted to CPRO-SP-C but not to mature SP-C. Immunoblots of in vitro synthesized pro-SP-C confirmed that the antisera also recognized native protein. Immunocytochemistry with anti-CPRO-SP-C demonstrated staining for pro-SP-C peptides in isolated type II cells as well as in alveolar epithelial cells of rat lung sections. Pro-SP-C preferentially co-localized to cells that stained positive for Maclura pomifera antigen. Anti-CPRO-SP-C staining was not observed in lung interstitium, pulmonary vasculature, or several control tissues (brain, heart, and liver were negative). Western blotting of subcellular fractions demonstrated pro-SP-C peptides in plasma membrane (20 kD) and microsomal (20 and 21 kD) fractions with a 16 kD peptide present in lamellar bodies. No pro-SP-C peptides were detected in purified surfactant. These results demonstrate the use of a synthetic peptide to generate specific antiserum against more hydrophilic domains of pro-SP-C sequences and confirm that SP-C propeptides are unique to the lung.     

石杉碱甲类似物的研究II.N-甲基吡啶酮石杉碱甲类似物的合成

石杉碱甲(1)是从中草药石杉属植物千层塔(Lycopodium serratum Thunb.)中分得的一种高效可逆的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,临床试验证实它对早老性痴呆症有显著疗效。本文报道N-甲基吡啶酮石杉碱甲类似物2和3的合成。2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基-11-亚甲基-5,9-甲撑环辛-7-烯并吡啶(9)在乙腈中用三甲基氯硅烷和碘化钠选择性脱保护以定量的产率得吡啶酮10,再用甲醇钠和碘甲烷甲基化得N-甲基吡啶酮11,11经碱性水解,Curtius重排和氨基的脱保护得N-甲基吡啶酮石杉碱甲类似物2。通过类似的途径从中间体2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基-7-甲基-11-酮-5,9-甲撑环辛-7-烯并吡啶(14)合成了类似物3。类似物2和3的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性均低于天然石杉碱甲。