Modern hygienic norm setting for occupational poisons in the air of the working area]

The peculiarity of modern hygienic norm setting is the application of rapid methods of MAC basement in the air of working area. Criteria of rapid norm setting for occupational poisons are summarized, the extent of further investigations and expedience of norm setting for chemical substances in the air of working area are defined.     

Peripheral arteriovenous anastomosis: an alternative technique in a free flap transfer.

Prevention of thrombosis in the inflow and outflow vessels of a free flap is a problem of current interest. The method of creating a peripheral arteriovenous anastomosis within a free flap was validated in an experimental study and substantiated in a clinical case. No thrombotic complications were observed in 16 transfers of saphenous fasciocutaneous flaps in a dog model, as well as in an elderly patient with free radial forearm flap transfer to an irradiated foot. Scanning electron microscopy of the venous anastomosis proximal to the arteriovenous fistula revealed the difference of pathologic changes as early as 4 hr following surgery. It is the conclusion of the authors, that performing a distal arteriovenous fistula in a free flap, is an effective procedure for prevention of early occlusion in a proximally anastomosed artery and vein.     

Lymphosorption in the combined treatment of jaundice]

Drainage of the thoracic lymph duct and lymphosorption were used in 63 patients with obstructive jaundice of different etiology and cholestatic hepatitis. Lymph was returned into the umbilical vein with transfusion of proteins, glucose, steroid hormones and other preparations.     

Improvement of narcotic dependence care and prevention of alcoholism in seamen

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of narcological care provided to crewmen, to identify the trends in the improvement of narcological care for seamen and to work out suggestions for introducing new organizational forms of early diagnosis among contingents "at risk". It was shown that the increase in the efficiency of anti-alcoholic campaign in the marine should involve all sections of health service: ships medical and sanitary units out-patient and in-patient departments. Particular attention should be paid to the preventive activities aimed at the detection of "risk groups" for the development of the disease and patients with early symptoms of alcoholism.     

Renal transplant patients show variations in their self-reactive repertoires: a serial study

We addressed the question of whether allo-transplantation (Tx) induces breakdown of tolerance to self-antigens or alteration of the autoreactive T cell repertoire in humans. The serial variation of T cell autoreactivity was studied in the peripheral blood of 12 renal transplant patients, by autologous limiting dilution assay and autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction. Ten of 12 patients presented a positive response in autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the post-Tx period, in contrast to four of 12 patients before Tx (P = 0.038). Multi-hit kinetics was found in 57% of the assays analyzed, indicating frequent regulatory control of the autologous response. Quantitative analysis performed in eight patients showed an increase in precursor frequency at >1 year post-Tx in five patients. These data indicate that autoreactivity increases or develops following Tx, in humans. Post-Tx events such as alloreactivity, infections or immunosuppression could interfere with the balance of autoreactive and regulatory cells, leading to changes in the T cell repertoires to self-antigens and eventually breakdown of self-tolerance. Further investigation is needed to elucidate whether post-Tx autoreactivity contributes to rejection, plays a regulatory role over alloreactivity or both, at separate times.