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Guillain-barré syndrome: A series observed at riyadh armed forces hospital january 1984–January 1994
A consecutive series of 47 hospitalized cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome seen over a 10-year period was analysed with respect
to: (1) age and sex; (2) antecedent events and seasonal distribution; (3) patterns of clinical presentation; (4) CSF and neurophysiological
findings; (5) results of treatment with plasma exchange; and (6) outcome. Twenty-two were children, 20 middle-aged and 5 aged;
37 were male and 10 were female. The most frequent antecedent event was upper respiratory tract infections; a seasonal peak
incidence was found in winter. Clinical, CSF and neurophysiological findings concurred with those in the Western literature;
79% of the cases were severe. Plasma exchange performed within the first 2 weeks of onset benefitted in the short-term outcome,
i.e. improvement by 1 grade at 4 weeks, but the long-term benefit, i.e. the ability to regain independent locomotion, was
questionable. Plasma exchange helped in curtailing the time to walking unaided but had no benefit on the duration of artificial
ventilation. Factors associated with an adverse outcome were: age over 15 years, severity of motor electrodiagnostic findings
(especially a decreased distal CMAP amplitude and EMG signs of acute denervation), requirement for ventilation and slow progression
(>3 weeks) to maximum deficit. After a mean follow-up of 11 months, 55% of the patients regained independent locomotion, which
is a comparatively low proportion. 相似文献
5.
Pre-eclampsia, one of the most significant health problems inhuman pregnancy, complicates 6-7% of all gestations and is theleading cause of fetal growth retardation, infant morbidityand mortality, premature birth and maternal death. Recent researchimplicates free radicals in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.This review covers the biochemistry of nitric oxide (NO) andpossible interactions with other free radicals. Studies in therat show that pregnancy is associated with enhanced productionand responsiveness to NO in both reproductive tissues and bloodvessels. Rats infused with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME, a NO synthase inhibitor) have been used as an animalmodel of pre-eclampsia, and the effects of steroid hormoneson blood pressure in this model have been tested. Results suggestthat pre-eclampsia may be a state of NO deficiency. However,in humans there seem to be contradictions regarding the involvementof NO in maternal adaptation to pregnancy. It is suggested thatNO may be one of several systems that act in concert to maintaina symbiotic relationship between mother and fetus. However,the input of each system may be genetically determined. 相似文献
6.
Dohle GR; Ramos L; Pieters MH; Braat DD; Weber RF 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(3):620-623
Male genital tract obstructions may result from infections, previous
inguinal and scrotal surgery (vasectomy) and congenital bilateral absence
of the vas deferens (CBAVD). Microsurgery can sometimes be successful in
treating the obstruction. In other cases and in cases of failed surgical
intervention, the patient can be treated by microsurgical or percutaneous
epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA, PESA) or testicular sperm extraction
(TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We present the results
of 39 ICSI procedures for obstructive azoospermia in 24 couples. The
aetiology of the obstruction was failed microsurgery in 11 patients, CBAVD
in nine and genital infections in four. Sperm retrieval was accomplished
via MESA in four cases, PESA in 18 cases and via TESE in 11 cases. TESE was
only applied when PESA failed to produce enough spermatozoa for
simultaneous ICSI. In six patients, the ICSI procedure was performed with
cryopreserved spermatozoa after an initial PESA procedure. Fertilization
occurred in 47% of the metaphase II oocytes; embryo transfer was performed
in 92% of procedures and resulted in a clinical pregnancy in 13/39
procedures. Ongoing pregnancy was achieved in 10/39 procedures. One
pregnancy was terminated early after prenatal investigation showed a
cytogenetic abnormality (47,XX+18, Edwards syndrome). The other nine
pregnancies resulted in the live birth of 10 children, without any
congenital abnormalities. Epididymal and testicular retrieved spermatozoa
were successfully used for ICSI to treat obstructive azoospermia, and
resulted in an ongoing pregnancy in 10 of 24 couples (41.6%) after 39 ICSI
procedures, a success rate of 25.6% per treatment cycle and of 27.7% per
embryo transfer.
相似文献
7.
Gertrud Dudin Denis Alexander Fayrouz Talj Mary Deeb Salim Musallam Vazken M. Der Kaloustian 《Clinical genetics》1984,25(5):455-458
A six-months-old girl is presented with psychomotor retardation and multiple congenital malformations. The karyotype done on peripheral blood lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts was found to be 46,XX del(5)(411q13). The parents are consanguineous. Their karyotypes were normal.
The genes for Arylsulphatase B and Hexosaminidase B are not located in band 5q12. 相似文献
The genes for Arylsulphatase B and Hexosaminidase B are not located in band 5q12. 相似文献
8.
Haseeb Khan Ahmad Saleh Al Deeb Khalaf Al Moutaery Mohammad Tariq 《Experimental and toxicologic pathology》2003,55(2-3):181-186
A direct association between aging and drug-induced dyskinesia has been reported by several investigators. Iminiodipropionitrile (IDPN), a prototype nitrile compound produces a motor syndrome in rodents, which resembles neuroleptic drug induced dyskinesia. In this investigation attempt has been made to study the effect of age on IDPN induced vestibular hair cell degeneration and resulting dyskinetic syndrome. Male Wistar rats aged 3, 6 and 12 weeks received IDPN in the doses of 0, 200 and 400 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days. IDPN-induced dyskinesia was assessed using a behavioral testing battery on days 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The rats were sacrificed on day 28; temporal bones were excised for vestibular histopathology and sera were collected for measuring the indices of oxidative stress (glutathione and conjugated dienes). IDPN in the dose of 200 mg/kg produced dyskinesia in 12 weeks old rats, but failed to do so in 3 and 6 weeks old rats. The high dose of IDPN (400 mg/kg) caused dyskinesia in all age groups, however, its onset and severity were age-dependent. Older rats showed an early onset and significantly high incidence of dyskinesia as compared to younger rats. The susceptibility of rats to IDPN-induced behavioral deficits was proportional to oxidative stress and degeneration of sensory hair cells in the crista ampullaris. 相似文献
9.
The significant advances in our understanding of color vision has been due to the convergence of information from behavioral
and molecular genetic analyses. The molecular biology of the visual pigments; molecular genetic basis of variation in normal
and abnormal color vision, and regulation of the genes at the LWS-MWS pigment gene locus are discussed. 相似文献
10.
A review of the lateral radiographs and CT studies of 114 patients with burst fractures, 46 patients with combined injuries in whom bursting was a major component, and 82 patients with simple anterior compression fractures was performed to evaluate the integrity of the posterior vertebral body margin. This structure normally produces a single or bifid vertical line on the lateral radiograph. Disruption, displacement, or rotation of this line was found in all 114 patients with "pure" burst fractures. These abnormalities were also present in 36 of the 46 patients with combined burst injuries. In all patients with simple compression fracture, flexion, distraction or dislocation, and extension injuries, the line was normal. CT studies showed these abnormalities to be the result of retropulsion of one or more bone fragments from the posterior margin of the vertebral body. Disruptive abnormalities of the posterior vertebral body line are reliable plain-film signs that a burst fracture has occurred and that compromise of the vertebral canal and subarachnoid space is present. 相似文献