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Image-directed percutaneous biopsies with a biopsy gun 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Core tissue for histologic study is believed by many pathologists to be more diagnostic than material from needle aspiration. Recently, a biopsy "gun" has been introduced, which simplifies core biopsies. With this device, 182 biopsies of multiple anatomic sites were performed with ultrasonic, computed tomographic, and fluoroscopic guidance and 18-gauge needles. High-quality histopathologic specimens were obtained in 177 of the biopsies, and diagnostic target tissue was obtained in 167. Only three significant complications occurred: one bleeding complication that required transfusion and two cases of pneumothorax that necessitated placement of chest tubes. The biopsy gun eliminated the disjointed movements of conventional "skinny" needle biopsies, and none of the samples demonstrated significant "crush" artifact or obscuring blood, problems that are commonly associated with manual biopsy techniques. Patient discomfort was decreased with this system compared with that of manual biopsies, and the total procedure time was reduced. Because of these distinct advantages, the authors now use the biopsy gun exclusively for all percutaneous biopsies and recommend that other institutions consider the use of this biopsy method. 相似文献
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Osteosarcomatosis 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Hopper KD; Moser RP Jr; Haseman DB; Sweet DE; Madewell JE; Kransdorf MJ 《Radiology》1990,175(1):233-239
A review of the 690 cases of osteosarcoma in the radiographic file of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology revealed 29 cases of "osteosarcomatosis" (multiple skeletal sites of osteosarcoma). Fifteen of these patients were 18 years old and under and manifested rapidly appearing, usually symmetric, sclerotic metaphyseal lesions. The remaining 14 patients were more than 18 years old and had fewer, asymmetric sclerotic lesions. In most patients (28 of 29), a radiographically dominant skeletal tumor was seen. Pulmonary metastases occurred in the majority of patients and were detected at the same time as the bone lesions. These 29 patients were studied with regard to demographic data and skeletal distribution and radiographic appearance of their lesions. As a result of the findings, a metastatic origin from a primary dominant osteosarcoma is favored over a multifocal origin as the basis for osteosarcomatosis. Osteosarcomatosis is more commonly encountered in the mature skeleton than has been previously recognized. 相似文献
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Mouse bone marrow (BM) was separated into low-density, lineage- negative, wheat germ agglutinin-positive (WGA+), Rhodamine-123 bright (Rhbright) or dim (Rhdim) cells to obtain populations that were highly enriched for committed progenitors (Rhbright cells) or for more primitive stem cells (Rhdim). When 2,500 Rhbright or Rhdim cells were seeded onto 6-week-old irradiated (20 Gy) long-term BM cultures (LTBMC), the nonadherent cell production from Rhbright cells was transient and ended after 5 weeks. Production from Rhdim cells did not begin until week 3, peaked at week 5, and ended at week 8, when the irradiated stroma seemed to fail. Termination of cell production from Rhdim cells did not occur in nonirradiated LTBMC from W41/Wv mice. During peak nonadherent cell production, 25% to 30% of the cells in the nonirradiated LTBMC from W41/Wv mice had donor cell markers. Two approaches were tested to try to enhance the proportion or number of donor cells. Addition of Origen-HGF at the time of seeding Rhdim cells caused a nonspecific increase in both host and donor cell production, but a specific increase in production of donor cells was obtained by seeding the cultures at 2 weeks rather than 6 weeks. Limiting dilution of Rhdim cells gave the same frequency of wells producing cells on both irradiated +/+ and nonirradiated W41/Wv or W/Wv cultures. 相似文献
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Anniek KD Visser Nisha K Ramakrishnan Antoon TM Willemsen Valentina Di Gialleonardo Erik FJ de Vries Ido P Kema Rudi AJO Dierckx Aren van Waarde 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2014,34(1):118-125
The PET tracer [11C]5-hydroxytryptophan ([11C]5-HTP), which is converted to [11C]5-hydroxytryptamine ([11C]5-HT) by aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), is thought to measure 5-HT synthesis rates. But can we measure these synthesis rates by kinetic modeling of [11C]5-HTP in rat? Male rats were scanned with [11C]5-HTP (60 minutes) after different treatments. Scans included arterial blood sampling and metabolite analysis. 5-HT synthesis rates were calculated by a two-tissue compartment model (2TCM) with irreversible tracer trapping or Patlak analysis. Carbidopa (inhibitor peripheral AADC) dose-dependently increased [11C]5-HTP brain uptake, but did not influence 2TCM parameters. Therefore, 10 mg/kg carbidopa was applied in all subsequent study groups. These groups included treatment with NSD 1015 (general AADC inhibitor) or p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, TPH). In addition, the effect of a low-tryptophan (Trp) diet was investigated. NSD 1015 or Trp depletion did not affect any model parameters, but PCPA reduced [11C]5-HTP uptake, and the k3. This was unexpected as NSD 1015 directly inhibits the enzyme converting [11C]5-HTP to [11C]5-HT, suggesting that trapping of radioactivity does not distinguish between parent tracer and its metabolites. As different results have been acquired in monkeys and humans, [11C]5-HTP-PET may be suitable for measuring 5-HT synthesis in primates, but not in rodents. 相似文献
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A Fukui EI Ntrivalas A Gilman-Sachs J Kwak-Kim KD Beaman 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》2006,55(6):395-395
Aim: To determine if IgA is required for protection against Chlamydia infection in the male reproductive tract (MRT).
Materials and Methods: Male polyimmunoglobulin receptor knockout mice (PIgR-/- ) and wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) mice were immunised intranasally with chlamydial major outer membrane protein (MOMP) and cholera toxin (CT). MOMP-specific IgG and IgA in serum and prostatic fluids were measured by ELISA. Serum and PF were also assayed for inhibition of in vitro chlamydial infection. Immunized WT and PIgR-/- mice were challenged by direct inoculation of C. muridarum into the meatus urethra. Four weeks post challenge Chlamydia levels in the penile urethra, epididymis and testis were determined by PCR.
Results: Equivalent levels of IgG were found in the serum of both WT and PIgR-/- mice however IgA in serum of PIgR-/- mice was 19- to 20-fold higher than in WT animals consistent with the lack of the PIgR IgA transport molecule. IgA levels were significantly lower in PIgR-/- PF compared to WT PF after both immunization and infection. Only PF from WT but not PIgR-/- animals was able to inhibit in vitro chlamydial infection. Following challenge significantly higher levels of Chlamydia were recovered from the MRT of PIgR-/- mice compared to WT animals.
Conclusions: Male mice lacking a functional PIgR were unable to clear a genital tract Chlamydia infection despite high levels of serum IgA. These data show that mucosal IgA plays a major role in preventing chlamydial infection of the male genital tract and suggest that immunization strategies to protect males should target a strong mucosal IgA response. 相似文献
Materials and Methods: Male polyimmunoglobulin receptor knockout mice (PIgR
Results: Equivalent levels of IgG were found in the serum of both WT and PIgR
Conclusions: Male mice lacking a functional PIgR were unable to clear a genital tract Chlamydia infection despite high levels of serum IgA. These data show that mucosal IgA plays a major role in preventing chlamydial infection of the male genital tract and suggest that immunization strategies to protect males should target a strong mucosal IgA response. 相似文献