排序方式: 共有46条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Nicolas Guyon Leonardo Rakauskas Zacharias Josina Anna van Lunteren Jana Immenschuh Janos Fuzik Antje Mrtin Yang Xuan Misha Zilberter Hoseok Kim Konstantinos Meletis Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar Marie Carln 《The Journal of neuroscience》2021,41(14):3120
Inhibitory interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) are central to cortical network dynamics, generation of γ oscillations, and cognition. Dysfunction of PV interneurons disrupts cortical information processing and cognitive behavior. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine receptor kinase B (trkB) signaling regulates the maturation of cortical PV interneurons but is also implicated in their adult multidimensional functions. Using a novel viral strategy for cell-type-specific and spatially restricted expression of a dominant-negative trkB (trkB.DN), we show that BDNF/trkB signaling is essential to the integrity and maintenance of prefrontal PV interneurons in adult male and female mice. Reduced BDNF/trkB signaling in PV interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) resulted in deficient PV inhibition and increased baseline local field potential (LFP) activity in a broad frequency band. The altered network activity was particularly pronounced during increased activation of the prefrontal network and was associated with changed dynamics of local excitatory neurons, as well as decreased modulation of the LFP, abnormalities that appeared to generalize across stimuli and brain states. In addition, our findings link reduced BDNF/trkB signaling in prefrontal PV interneurons to increased aggression. Together our investigations demonstrate that BDNF/trkB signaling in PV interneurons in the adult mPFC is essential to local network dynamics and cognitive behavior. Our data provide direct support for the suggested association between decreased trkB signaling, deficient PV inhibition, and altered prefrontal circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine receptor kinase B (trkB) signaling promotes the maturation of inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, neurons central to local cortical dynamics, γ rhythms, and cognition. Here, we used a novel viral approach for reduced BDNF/trkB signaling in PV interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to establish the role of BDNF/trkB signaling in adult prefrontal network activities. Reduced BDNF/trkB signaling caused pronounced morphologic alterations, reduced PV inhibition, and deficient prefrontal network dynamics. The altered network activity appeared to manifest across stimuli and brain states and was associated with aberrant local field potential (LFP) activities and increased aggression. The results demonstrate that adult BDNF/trkB signaling is essential to PV inhibition and prefrontal circuit function and directly links BDNF/trkB signaling to network integrity in the adult brain. 相似文献
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Ronei Silveira Pinto Cleiton Silva Correa Regis Radaelli Eduardo Lusa Cadore Lee E. Brown Martim Bottaro 《Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,36(1):365-372
To assess effects of a short-term strength training (ST) program on muscle quality (MQ) and functional capacity, 36 sedentary elderly women (age = 66.0 ± 8 year, height = 159.1 ± 9.2 cm, body mass = 68.3 ± 12.1 kg, body fat = 37.0 ± 4.2 %) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG; n = 19) or a control group (CG; n = 17). The EG performed two to three sets of 12–15 repeats of leg press, knee extension, and knee flexion exercises, 2 days/week for 6 weeks. Before and after training, lower body one repetition maximum (1RM), functional performance tests, quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (MT), and muscle quality (MQ) (1RM and quadriceps MT quotient) were assessed. After training, only the EG showed significant improvements in 1RM (p < 0.05), 30-s sit-to-stand (p < 0.001), and 8 foot up-and-go (p < 0.001). In addition, only in the EG, significant increases in all quadriceps femoris MT measurements (vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris) (p ≤ 0.05), and MQ (p < 0.001) were demonstrated. No changes were observed in the CG. Furthermore, there were significant associations between individual changes in MQ and corresponding changes in 30-s sit-to-stand (r = 0.62, p < 0.001), and 8 foot up-and-go (r = −0.71, p < 0.001). In conclusion, a ST program of only 6 weeks was sufficient to enhance MQ of the knee extensors in elderly women, which resulted in beneficial changes in functional capacity. 相似文献
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André Veillette Inmoo Rhee Cleiton Martins Souza Dominique Davidson 《Immunological reviews》2009,228(1):312-324
Summary: The proline-, glutamic acid-, serine- and threonine-rich (PEST) family of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) includes proline-enriched phosphatase (PEP)/lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (LYP), PTP-PEST, and PTP-hematopoietic stem cell fraction (HSCF). PEP/LYP is a potent inhibitor of T-cell activation, principally by suppressing the activity of Src family protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). This function seems to be dependent, at least in part, on the ability of PEP to bind C-terminal Src kinase (Csk), a PTK also involved in inactivating Src kinases. Interestingly, a polymorphism of LYP in humans (R620W) is a significant risk factor for autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. The R620W mutation may be a 'gain-of-function' mutation. In non-hematopoietic cells, PTP-PEST is a critical regulator of adhesion and migration. This effect correlates with the aptitude of PTP-PEST to dephosphorylate cytoskeletal proteins such as Cas, focal adhesion associated-kinase (FAK), Pyk2, and PSTPIP. While not established, a similar function may also exist in immune cells. Additionally, overexpression studies provided an indication that PTP-PEST may be a negative regulator of lymphocyte activation. Interestingly, mutations in a PTP-PEST- and PTP-HSCF-interacting protein, PSTPIP1, were identified in humans with pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome and familial recurrent arthritis, two autoinflammatory diseases. These mutations abrogate the ability of PSTPIP1 to bind PTP-PEST and PTP-HSCF, suggesting that these two PTPs may be negative regulators of inflammation. 相似文献
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Janaína de Albuquerque Couto Karina Lidianne Alcântara Saraiva Cleiton Diniz Barros Daniel Pedro Udrisar Christina Alves Peixoto Juliany Silveira Braglia César Vieira Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima Suely Lins Galdino Ivan da Rocha Pitta Maria Inês Wanderley 《Medicinal chemistry research》2013,22(1):240-246
Thiazolidinediones work by sensitizing the action of insulin by acting as ligands for the PPAR receptor. This study describes the effects of chronic treatment with new benzylidene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione (LPSF/GQ-06) on Leydig cell steroidogenic capacity, and expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) in normal rats. Twelve adult male Wistar rats were treated with LPSF/GQ-06 (5 mg/kg) administered by gavage for 15 days. Testosterone in plasma and incubation medium was measured by radioimmunoassay. The StAR and P450scc expression was detected by immunocytochemistry. The levels of total circulating testosterone were increased by LPSF/GQ-06 treatment. The ability of LPSF/GQ-06 to affect the production of testosterone by Leydig cells was examined using an ex vivo model. The production of testosterone was induced by activators of the cAMP/PKA pathway (hCG and dbcAMP) or substrates of steroidogenesis (22(R)-hydroxycholesterol, substrate for the P450scc enzyme, and pregnenolone, the product of the P450scc-catalyzed step). An increase in basal or induced testosterone production was observed in Leydig cells from LPSF/GQ-06-treated rats. The ultrastructural and immunocytochemical analysis showed that LPSF/GQ-06-treated Leydig cells presented morphological characteristics similar to those of control cells as well as similar labeling to StAR and P450scc throughout the cytoplasm of control and treated cells. We can therefore conclude that the stimulatory action of the LPSF/GQ-06 on testosterone production is not due to an increase of the quantity of StAR or P450scc. These results suggest that the activity of these two proteins as well as of other steroidogenic enzymes is augmented by LPSF/GQ-06. 相似文献
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Amanda Canato Ferracini Leisa Lopes-Aguiar Gustavo Jacob Loureno Adriana Yoshida Carmen Silva Passos Lima Luis Otvio Sarian Sophie Derchain Deanna L. Kroetz Priscila Gava Mazzola 《CTS Clinical and Translational Science》2021,14(2):720
Variation in drug disposition genes might contribute to susceptibility to toxicities and interindividual differences in clinical management on chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). This study was designed to explore the association of GST and ABCB1 genetic variation with hematologic and neurologic toxicity, changes in chemotherapy, and disease prognosis in Brazilian women with EOC. A total of 112 women with a confirmed histological diagnosis of EOC treated with carboplatin/paclitaxel were enrolled (2014–2019). The samples were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes. GSTP1 (c.313A>G/rs1695) and ABCB1 (c.1236C>T/rs1128503; c.3435C>T/rs1045642; c.2677G>T>A/rs2032582) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by real‐time PCR. Subjects with the GSTP1 c.313A>G had reduced risk of anemia (odds ratio (OR): 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04–0.69, P = 0.01, dominant model) and for thrombocytopenia (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.12–0.64, P < 0.01; OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.03–0.85, P = 0.03, either dominant or recessive model), respectively. The GSTP1 c.313A>G AG genotype was associated with a lower risk of dose delay (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.13–0.90, P = 0.03). The ABCB1 c.1236C>T was associated with increased risk of thrombocytopenia (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03–0.82, P = 0.03), whereas ABCB1 c.3435C>T had increased risk of grade 2 and 3 neurotoxicity (OR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.08–121.01, P = 0.03) in recessive model (CC + CT vs. TT). This study suggests that GSTP1 c.313A>G, ABCB1 c.1236C>T, and c.3435C>T SNP detection is a potential predictor of hematological toxicity and neurotoxicity and could help predict the clinical management of women with EOC. Study Highlights
- WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC?
- WHAT QUESTION DID THIS STUDY ADDRESS?
- WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD TO OUR KNOWLEDGE?
- HOW MIGHT THIS CHANGE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OR TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE?
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Targeted mutagenesis in pathogenic Leptospira species: disruption of the LigB gene does not affect virulence in animal models of leptospirosis 下载免费PDF全文
Croda J Figueira CP Wunder EA Santos CS Reis MG Ko AI Picardeau M 《Infection and immunity》2008,76(12):5826-5833
The pathogenic mechanisms of Leptospira interrogans, the causal agent of leptospirosis, remain largely unknown. This is mainly due to the lack of tools for genetically manipulating pathogenic Leptospira species. Thus, homologous recombination between introduced DNA and the corresponding chromosomal locus has never been demonstrated for this pathogen. Leptospiral immunoglobulin-like repeat (Lig) proteins were previously identified as putative Leptospira virulence factors. In this study, a ligB mutant was constructed by allelic exchange in L. interrogans; in this mutant a spectinomycin resistance (Spcr) gene replaced a portion of the ligB coding sequence. Gene disruption was confirmed by PCR, immunoblot analysis, and immunofluorescence studies. The ligB mutant did not show decrease virulence compared to the wild-type strain in the hamster model of leptospirosis. In addition, inoculation of rats with the ligB mutant induced persistent colonization of the kidneys. Finally, LigB was not required to mediate bacterial adherence to cultured cells. Taken together, our data provide the first evidence of site-directed homologous recombination in pathogenic Leptospira species. Furthermore, our data suggest that LigB does not play a major role in dissemination of the pathogen in the host and in the development of acute disease manifestations or persistent renal colonization. 相似文献
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Comparison of liposomal and 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin–lidocaine on cell viability and inflammatory response in human keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts 下载免费PDF全文