全文获取类型
收费全文 | 148篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 4篇 |
儿科学 | 2篇 |
妇产科学 | 2篇 |
基础医学 | 15篇 |
口腔科学 | 27篇 |
临床医学 | 8篇 |
内科学 | 23篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2篇 |
神经病学 | 5篇 |
特种医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 34篇 |
预防医学 | 9篇 |
药学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 12篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有148条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
K. -M. Braumann W. Kleemann U. Martens N. Maassen U. Maass W. Schmidt D. Böning 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1988,66(9):397-403
Summary Parameters characterizing the hemoglobin oxygen affinity were determined in blood of 12 male patients suffering from arterial occlusive disease (AOD) of the legs and compared with data obtained earlier from healthy human subjects (controls). Due to a COHb content of 4.8%±2.2% in the cigarette-smoking AOD patients, the standard oxygen dissociation curve (ODC) was left-shifted, the half-saturation pressure (P50) amounted to 24.8±1.7 mmHg (3.30±0.23 kPa), although the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration was increased to 15.3±1.7 µmol/g Hb. Correcting the effects of elevated COHb shifts the P50 to 26.3 mmHg (3.5 kPa) and increases the steepness of the ODC (Hill's n) from 2.79±0.27 to about 2.99, which is significantly different from controls. The Bohr coefficients after acidification of blood with lactic acid (BCLac) show high values at low oxygen saturations of hemoglobin (–0.50±0.04 in AOD patients, –0.32±0.04 in controls;P<0.05 at 10% SO2). The cause of the alterations in hemoglobin oxygen affinity may be a reduced mean erythrocyte age, but also the influence of unknown factors generated, e.g., from anaerobic muscle metabolism in AOD.Abbreviations AOD
Arterial occlusive disease of the legs
- BC
Bohr coefficient
- BCCO2
Bohr coefficient after acidification of blood with CO2
- BCLac
Bohr coefficient after acidification of blood with lactic acid
- DPG
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate
- ODC
Oxygen dissociation curve
- P50
Oxygen pressure when hemoglobin is half-saturated 相似文献
2.
Kerstin Kempf Martin Rhling Winfried Banzer Klaus Michael Braumann Martin Halle David McCarthy Hans Georg Predel Isabelle Schenkenberger Susanne Tan Hermann Toplak Aloys Berg Stephan Martin 《Nutrients》2021,13(5)
Lifestyle interventions, including meal replacement, are effective in the prevention and treatment of type-2-diabetes and obesity. Since insulin is the key weight regulator, we hypothesised that the addition of meal replacement to a lifestyle intervention reduces insulin levels more effectively than lifestyle intervention alone. In the international multicentre randomised controlled ACOORH (Almased Concept against Overweight and Obesity and Related Health Risk) trial, overweight or obese persons who meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome (n = 463) were randomised into two groups. Both groups received nutritional advice focusing on carbohydrate restriction and the use of telemonitoring devices. The intervention group substituted all three main meals per day in week 1, two meals per day in weeks 2–4, and one meal per day in weeks 5–26 with a protein-rich, low-glycaemic meal replacement. Data were collected at baseline and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. All datasets providing insulin data (n = 446) were included in this predefined subanalysis. Significantly higher reductions in insulin (−3.3 ± 8.7 µU/mL vs. −1.6 ± 9.8 µU/mL), weight (−6.1 ± 5.2 kg vs. −3.2 ± 4.6 kg), and inflammation markers were observed in the intervention group. Insulin reduction correlated with weight reduction and the highest amount of weight loss (−7.6 ± 4.9 kg) was observed in those participants with an insulin decrease > 2 µU/mL. These results underline the potential for meal replacement-based lifestyle interventions in diabetes prevention, and measurement of insulin levels may serve as an indicator for adherence to carbohydrate restriction. 相似文献
3.
Dr. J. Neuschulz I. Schaefer M. Scheer H. Christ B. Braumann 《Journal of orofacial orthopedics》2013,74(4):275-286
Objectives
In order to visualize and quantify the direction and extent of morphological upper-jaw changes in infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) during early orthodontic treatment, a three-dimensional method of cast analysis for routine application was developed. In the present investigation, this method was used to identify reaction patterns associated with specific cleft forms.Materials and methods
The study included a cast series reflecting the upper-jaw situations of 46 infants with complete (n=27) or incomplete (n=19) UCLP during week 1 and months 3, 6, and 12 of life. Three-dimensional datasets were acquired and visualized with scanning software (DigiModel®; OrthoProof, The Netherlands). Following interactive identification of landmarks on the digitized surface relief, a defined set of representative linear parameters were three-dimensionally measured. At the same time, the three-dimensional surfaces of one patient series were superimposed based on a defined reference plane. Morphometric differences were statistically analyzed.Results
Thanks to the user-friendly software, all landmarks could be identified quickly and reproducibly, thus, allowing for simultaneous three-dimensional measurement of all defined parameters. The measured values revealed that significant morphometric differences were present in all three planes of space between the two patient groups. Patients with complete UCLP underwent significantly larger reductions in cleft width (p<0.001), and sagittal growth in the complete UCLP group exceeded sagittal growth in the incomplete UCLP group by almost 50% within the first year of life.Conclusion
Based on patients with incomplete versus complete UCLP, different reaction patterns were identified that depended not on apparent severities of malformation but on cleft forms. 相似文献4.
Adler Christoph Onur Oezguer A. Braumann Simon Gramespacher Hannes Bittner Stefan Falk Steffen Fink Gereon R. Baldus Stephan Warnke Clemens 《Journal of neurology》2022,269(3):1530-1537
Journal of Neurology - To test if the early kinetics of neurofilament light (NFL) in blood adds to the absolute values of NFL in the prediction of outcome, and to evaluate if NFL can discriminate... 相似文献
5.
6.
G. Schmitz D. Hayder A. Braumann M. Müller S. Saxer 《Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie》2010,43(6):407-412
The German expert standard “Promotion of urinary continence in nursing” was developed and implemented to support nursing practice. The group of experts involved identified the assessment of (in)continence situations and the evaluation of outcomes as a central problem for successful continence care. They, therefore, developed an assessment instrument in the German language, namely six continence profiles, to help differentiate between continence and incontinence. It also takes into account the extent to which the relevant situation can be promoted or compensated by the application of measures, on the one hand, and independently or dependent on nursing staff assistance, on the other hand. The profiles were developed based on theories and implemented into practice as a model. The current paper describes the theoretical background and development process as well as early results from implementation and testing. However, a comprehensive scientific study must still be performed. 相似文献
7.
Immunohistochemical localization of insulin-like growth factor-II and its binding protein-6 in human epithelial cells of Malassez 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Götz W Lossdörfer S Krüger U Braumann B Jäger A 《European journal of oral sciences》2003,111(1):26-33
So-called epithelial rests of Malassez are derived from the Hertwig's root sheath and are located in the periodontal ligament, with still unknown functions. Different pathological conditions may lead to proliferation of these otherwise non-proliferative cell clusters. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is an important growth factor system controlling proliferation and differentiation. In our study on Malassez cells from extracted human deciduous teeth, we investigated their structure by means of light and electron microscopy. Although they appeared as cellular clusters with a uniform epithelial phenotype, immunohistochemical analyses of components of the IGF system revealed an unique pattern: weak immunoreactivity could be seen for IGF-II while among all IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) only IGFBP-6 and weakly IGFBP-4 were detectable in epithelial cells of Malassez. Since IGFBP-6 has a very high affinity for IGF-II and can inhibit its functions, we discuss that, in the normal periodontal ligament, autocrine IGFBP-6 may function as an antiproliferative molecule suppressing mitogenic effects of IGFs on Malassez cells. 相似文献
8.
Effect of soluble receptors to interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha on experimentally induced root resorption in rats 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
OBJECTIVE: In this study, the role of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in the course of mechanically induced root resorption was investigated. METHODS: Mechanical induction of root resorption was performed on the upper left first molars in 18 male Wistar rats according to the method of Nakane and Kameyama. Starting on day minus 1, six animals received daily intraperitoneal injections of 2 ml of 1 micro g/ml soluble receptors to IL-1 (sIL-1RII) and another six animals were administered the same dose of soluble receptors to TNFalpha (sTNFalpha-RI). Six animals served as a control. On d 7 the left maxillae were prepared for histological and morphometric analysis of the extent of the root resorption that had developed. RESULTS: The qualitative and quantitative results demonstrated that in both receptor groups the amount of root resorption was significantly reduced. Especially following systemic application of sTNFalpha-RI, root resorption was nearly completely prevented. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that IL-1 and more particularly TNFalpha are important for the induction and the further process of mechanically induced root resorption in the rat. 相似文献
9.
10.