全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9987篇 |
免费 | 546篇 |
国内免费 | 95篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 99篇 |
儿科学 | 196篇 |
妇产科学 | 182篇 |
基础医学 | 1195篇 |
口腔科学 | 284篇 |
临床医学 | 863篇 |
内科学 | 2734篇 |
皮肤病学 | 270篇 |
神经病学 | 1064篇 |
特种医学 | 309篇 |
外科学 | 1209篇 |
综合类 | 34篇 |
预防医学 | 515篇 |
眼科学 | 111篇 |
药学 | 611篇 |
中国医学 | 46篇 |
肿瘤学 | 906篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 71篇 |
2022年 | 167篇 |
2021年 | 297篇 |
2020年 | 181篇 |
2019年 | 220篇 |
2018年 | 282篇 |
2017年 | 197篇 |
2016年 | 262篇 |
2015年 | 322篇 |
2014年 | 345篇 |
2013年 | 540篇 |
2012年 | 825篇 |
2011年 | 733篇 |
2010年 | 447篇 |
2009年 | 414篇 |
2008年 | 649篇 |
2007年 | 688篇 |
2006年 | 601篇 |
2005年 | 652篇 |
2004年 | 563篇 |
2003年 | 462篇 |
2002年 | 454篇 |
2001年 | 78篇 |
2000年 | 69篇 |
1999年 | 66篇 |
1998年 | 85篇 |
1997年 | 79篇 |
1996年 | 49篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 49篇 |
1993年 | 44篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 47篇 |
1990年 | 41篇 |
1989年 | 35篇 |
1988年 | 33篇 |
1987年 | 37篇 |
1986年 | 32篇 |
1985年 | 33篇 |
1984年 | 30篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 31篇 |
1980年 | 41篇 |
1979年 | 27篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1976年 | 19篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
1971年 | 16篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Cost‐Effectiveness and Cost‐Utility Analysis of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: Results From the PRECISE Study
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Neuromodulation》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Furio Zucco MD Roberta Ciampichini MSc Angelo Lavano MD Amedeo Costantini MD Marisa De Rose MD Paolo Poli MD Gianpaolo Fortini MD Laura Demartini MD Enrico De Simone MD Valentino Menardo MD Piero Cisotto MD Mario Meglio MD Luciana Scalone PhD Lorenzo G. Mantovani DSc 《Neuromodulation》2015,18(4):266-276
2.
3.
4.
Harinakshi Sanikini David C. Muller Marisa Sophiea Sabina Rinaldi Antonio Agudo Eric J. Duell Elisabete Weiderpass Kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland Jytte Halkjær Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Franck Carbonnel Iris Cervenka Heiner Boeing Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Antonia Trichopoulou Georgia Martimianaki Anna Karakatsani Valeria Pala Domenico Palli Amalia Mattiello Rosario Tumino Carlotta Sacerdote Guri Skeie Charlotta Rylander María-Dolores Chirlaque López Maria-Jose Sánchez Eva Ardanaz Sara Regnér Tanja Stocks Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Roel C.H. Vermeulen Dagfinn Aune Tammy Y.N. Tong Nathalie Kliemann Neil Murphy Marc Chadeau-Hyam Marc J. Gunter Amanda J. Cross 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(4):929-942
Obesity has been associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers; however, there are limited prospective data on associations by subtype/subsite. Obesity can impact hormonal factors, which have been hypothesized to play a role in these cancers. We investigated anthropometric and reproductive factors in relation to esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite for 476,160 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox models. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 220 esophageal adenocarcinomas (EA), 195 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 243 gastric cardia (GC) and 373 gastric noncardia (GNC) cancers were diagnosed. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with EA in men (BMI ≥30 vs. 18.5–25 kg/m2: HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.25–3.03) and women (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.15–6.19); however, adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) attenuated these associations. After mutual adjustment for BMI and HC, respectively, WHR and waist circumference (WC) were associated with EA in men (HR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.99–6.06 for WHR >0.96 vs. <0.91; HR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.52–4.72 for WC >98 vs. <90 cm) and women (HR = 4.40, 95% CI: 1.35–14.33 for WHR >0.82 vs. <0.76; HR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.76–18.26 for WC >84 vs. <74 cm). WHR was also positively associated with GC in women, and WC was positively associated with GC in men. Inverse associations were observed between parity and EA (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14–0.99; >2 vs. 0) and age at first pregnancy and GNC (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32–0.91; >26 vs. <22 years); whereas bilateral ovariectomy was positively associated with GNC (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.04–3.36). These findings support a role for hormonal pathways in upper gastrointestinal cancers. 相似文献
5.
Gabriela Perdomo Coral Angelo Alves de Mattos 《Journal canadien de gastroenterologie》2003,17(3):187-190
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is an important complication in cirrhotic patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence, predictive factors and prognosis for renal impairment (RI) after SBP in cirrhotic patients from southern Brazil. METHODS: Of the 1030 hospitalizations evaluated, 114 episodes of SBP were diagnosed in 94 patients (mean age 49 years; 76.59% men). SBP diagnosis was established when the ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear cell count was equal to or greater than 250 cells/mm3. Five cases were excluded. The variables assessed as possible predictors of steady or progressive RI were blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels before the diagnosis of SBP; type of infection, antibiotic prophylaxis, first episode or recurrent SBP, presence of gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy during hospitalization, SBP resolution, Child-Pugh classification, levels of blood pressure, ascitic fluid and blood polymorphonuclear cell count, bacteriological data (positive and negative ascitic fluid culture), albumin, bilirubin, sodium and prothrombin time at the moment of diagnosis. RESULTS: The incidence of SBP was 11.07%. In 61 (55.96%) episodes, SBP was associated with RI (transient in 57.37%; steady in 19.67%; and progressive in 22.95%). The mortality rate associated with progressive RI was 100%; 58.33% with steady RI; and 2.85% with transient RI. The mortality rate in patients with or without RI was 36.07% and 6.25%, respectively (P<0.001). The level of creatinine (greater than or equal to 1.3mg/dL) before the diagnosis of SBP and the rate of infection resolution were the only predictors of RI in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: RI after SBP is a common complication, and indicates a poor prognosis for this infection. High levels of creatinine before infection and the rate of infection resolution are independent predictors of RI. 相似文献
6.
Paolo Mazzone Fabrizio Stocchi Salvatore Galati Angelo Insola Maria Grazia Altibrandi Nicola Modugno Domenicantonio Tropepi Livia Brusa Alessandro Stefani 《Neuromodulation》2006,9(3):221-228
Objectives. Traditional deep brain stimulation (DBS) at the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has proved to be efficacious on core Parkinsonian symptoms. However, very disabling l ‐dopa–induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and axial signs are slightly affected, suggesting that we target less conventional targets. Our candidates for DBS were the globus pallidus internus (GPi) plus the intralaminar thalamic complex (Pf or CM), given its extensive functional links with basal ganglia nuclei. Materials and Methods. The routine utilization of our innovative stereotactic apparatus allows us to implant, at the same time, both the CM‐Pf complex together with the GPi in six Parkinson disease patients. Both intraoperative and postoperative neurophysiologic assessments helped us recognize functional subregions while optimizing implantation of electrodes. Unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS) motor scores, AIMs, and freezing were carefully blindly evaluated for each condition. Results. A significant amelioration of UPDRS scores was achieved by simultaneous activation of both targets. CM‐Pf activation was only slightly effective in reducing rigidity and akinesia, but more efficacious on freezing. Not surprisingly, AIMs were peculiarly decreased by the activation of the permanent electro‐catheter in the posteroventral GPi. Conclusions. These findings confirm that, in selected patients, it is conceivable to target structures other than the conventional STN in order to maximize clinical benefit. 相似文献
7.
Neuropsychological Findings: Myoclonic Astatic Epilepsy (MAE) and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Melissa Filippini Antonella Boni Gloria Dazzani Angelo Guerra Giuseppe Gobbi 《Epilepsia》2006,47(S2):56-59
Summary: Purpose: To identify a specific neuropsychological profile associated with myoclonic astatic epilepsy (MAE) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).
Methods: Seven patients diagnosed with MAE and four patients diagnosed with LGS were selected from patients referred to our Child Neurology Unit. The patients were assessed both clinically (awake, sleep, Holter EEG, seizures frequency, and semiology) and neuropsychologically (IQ, language, attention, visuospatial and visuomotor abilities, and behavior). One representative case of each syndrome is presented here.
Results: The clinical picture of the MAE patient resembled that of an MAE condition associated with transitory epileptic encephalopathy. The neuropsychological findings suggest that electroclinical anomalies can temporarily affect cognitive and behavioral functioning. Early effective antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment was found to improve cognitive outcome. In contrast, LGS was associated with mental retardation, which persisted after seizure control.
Conclusions: At present, it remains difficult to delineate a precise neuropsychological profile associated with MAE and LGS. The cognitive outcome of MAE is variable and depends on the clinical pattern. With regard to LGS, the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition underlying both the epilepsy and the mental retardation is still valid. Alternatively, exposure to subclinical electrophysiological anomalies during a critical period of cerebral development may be responsible for the mental retardation. At the time the clinical manifestations appear, drug treatment, even if effective, would have only limited impact on cognitive outcome. However, early multidisciplinary intervention may help to improve behavior and communicative abilities, enhancing the quality of life of these children and their families. 相似文献
Methods: Seven patients diagnosed with MAE and four patients diagnosed with LGS were selected from patients referred to our Child Neurology Unit. The patients were assessed both clinically (awake, sleep, Holter EEG, seizures frequency, and semiology) and neuropsychologically (IQ, language, attention, visuospatial and visuomotor abilities, and behavior). One representative case of each syndrome is presented here.
Results: The clinical picture of the MAE patient resembled that of an MAE condition associated with transitory epileptic encephalopathy. The neuropsychological findings suggest that electroclinical anomalies can temporarily affect cognitive and behavioral functioning. Early effective antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment was found to improve cognitive outcome. In contrast, LGS was associated with mental retardation, which persisted after seizure control.
Conclusions: At present, it remains difficult to delineate a precise neuropsychological profile associated with MAE and LGS. The cognitive outcome of MAE is variable and depends on the clinical pattern. With regard to LGS, the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition underlying both the epilepsy and the mental retardation is still valid. Alternatively, exposure to subclinical electrophysiological anomalies during a critical period of cerebral development may be responsible for the mental retardation. At the time the clinical manifestations appear, drug treatment, even if effective, would have only limited impact on cognitive outcome. However, early multidisciplinary intervention may help to improve behavior and communicative abilities, enhancing the quality of life of these children and their families. 相似文献
8.
9.
OBJECTIVES: Most obstetric clinics have a program for the identification of small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses because of the increased risk of fetal complications that they present. We have a structured model for the identification and follow-up of SGA pregnancies. We aimed to determine whether the recognition of SGA antepartum improves fetal outcome. METHODS: All pregnancies at Malm? University Hospital from 1990 to 1998 (n = 26 968) were reviewed. SGA fetuses identified prior to delivery (n = 681) were compared with those not identified (n = 573). Also, all pregnancies with SGA fetuses were compared with those appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) (n = 24 585). The risk of serious fetal complications (hypoxic encephalopathy grade 2 or 3, intracranial hemorrhage, Apgar score <4 at 5 min, neonatal convulsions, umbilical pH <7.0, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, stillbirth, intrapartum or infant death) was assessed with cross-tabulation and logistic regression analysis, adjusted for gestational age and degree of SGA. RESULTS: When compared with SGA fetuses identified before delivery (54%), SGA fetuses not identified before delivery were characterized by a four-fold increased risk of adverse fetal outcome (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% CI, 2.5-6.8). Similarly, compared with AGA fetuses, SGA fetuses were associated with a four-fold increased risk of serious fetal complications. CONCLUSIONS: A structured antenatal surveillance program for fetuses identified as SGA results in a lower risk of adverse fetal outcome, compared with cases of SGA fetuses not identified antepartum. 相似文献
10.