Th1 cell development induced by cysteine proteinases A and B in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania guyanensis

The cysteine proteinases CPA and CPB from Leishmania major induced Th1 responses in patients with leishmaniasis due to Leishmania guyanensis. Furthermore, cysteine proteinases induced neither interleukin 4 (IL-4) nor IL-13 and low levels of IL-10 in controls and patients. The results suggest that CPs would be quite good candidates for a vaccine against different Leishmania species.     

Effect of hydrocortisone on immune system of the lizard,Chalcidesocellatus II. Differential action on T and B lymphocytes

Lymphocytes of thymus, spleen, peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) collected from adult lizards, $\text{Chalcides}$$\text{ocellatus}$ were cultured for 24 hr in the presence of 10^?3M hydrocortisone acetate (HC) in order to assess the effect of in vitro HC on lizard T and B cell viability. The results indicated that HC induced stepwise, time-dependent mortality of the majority of thymocytes carrying T cell specific antigen(s) (TSA), 30–50% of T cells of spleen, PB and BM, and of a proportion of splenic B lymphocytes. Administration of 1 mg/g body weight HC to adult $\text{Ch}$. $\text{ocellatus}$ lead to depletion of all TSA⁺ thymocytes. In contrast, T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid compartments revealed both sensitivity and resistance to HC; similarly, B lymphocytes constituted susceptible and resistant subpopulations.     

Ambient air pollution and emergency department visits among children and adults in Casablanca,Morocco

This study presents the relationships between ambient air pollutants and morbidity and emergency department visits among children and adults performed in Great Casablanca, the most populated and economic region in Morocco. This research was analyzed using conditional Poisson model for the period 2011–2013. In the period of study, the daily average concentrations of SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and PM₁₀ in Casablanca were 209.4 µg/m³, 61 µg/m³, 113.2 µg/m³ and 75.1 µg/m³, respectively. In children less than 5 years old, risk of asthma could be increased until 12% per 10 µg/m³ increase in NO₂, PM10, SO₂ and O₃. In children over 5 years and adults, an increase of 10 µg/m³ air pollutant can cause an increase until 3% and 4% in respiratory consultations and acute respiratory infection, respectively. Similarly, impact on emergency department visits due to respiratory and cardiac illness was established. Our results suggest a not negligible impact on morbidity of outdoor air pollution by NO₂, SO₂, O₃, and PM₁₀.     

Psychosocial Responses to Healthcare: A Study on Asylum-Seeking Families’ Experiences in Denmark

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health - Much work has gone into unpacking the range of individual, interpersonal and structural barriers that prevent asylum-seekers from accessing healthcare. In...     

Online health communities,contributions to caregivers and resilience of older adults

The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to investigate the potential benefits of online health communities (OHCs) for informal caregivers by conducting a systematic literature review. Secondly, to identify the relationship between the potential benefits of OHCs and resilience factors of older adults. Performing a thematic analysis, we identified the potential benefits of OHCs for informal caregivers of older adults, including two salient themes: (a) caregivers sharing and receiving social support and (b) self and moral empowerment of caregivers. Then, we uncovered how these potential benefits can support resilience of older adults. Our findings show that sharing and receiving of social support by informal caregivers, and self and moral empowerment of informal caregivers in OHCs, can support four resilience factors among older adults, including self-care, independence, altruism and external connections. This review enables a better understanding of OHCs and Gerontology, and our outcomes also challenge the way healthcare and aged-care service providers view caregivers and older adults. Furthermore, the identified gap and opportunities would provide avenues for further research in OHCs.     

Carcinome neuroendocrine à petites cellules de la vessie : une entité anatomoclinique rare et agressive

Neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare cancer, rapidly aggressive and metastatic with a very pejorative behavior. The diagnosis is based on histological analysis coupled with immunohistochemical study. Because it is rare, there is no consensus to date. Its management should be multidisciplinary, involving surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. We report two new cases of neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the bladder, one is pure and the other associated with urothelial carcinoma. The poor outcome illustrates the quick evolution of this tumor. A review of the literature on this topic is also presented.