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排序方式: 共有1358条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Scalp electrical recording during paralysis: quantitative evidence that EEG frequencies above 20 Hz are contaminated by EMG. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Emma M Whitham Kenneth J Pope Sean P Fitzgibbon Trent Lewis C Richard Clark Stephen Loveless Marita Broberg Angus Wallace Dylan DeLosAngeles Peter Lillie Andrew Hardy Rik Fronsko Alyson Pulbrook John O Willoughby 《Clinical neurophysiology》2007,118(8):1877-1888
OBJECTIVE: To identify the possible contribution of electromyogram (EMG) to scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms at rest and induced or evoked by cognitive tasks. METHODS: Scalp EEG recordings were made on two subjects in presence and absence of complete neuromuscular blockade, sparing the dominant arm. The subjects undertook cognitive tasks in both states to allow direct comparison of electrical recordings. RESULTS: EEG rhythms in the paralysed state differed significantly compared with the unparalysed state, with 10- to 200-fold differences in the power of frequencies above 20 Hz during paralysis. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the scalp EEG recording above 20 Hz is of EMG origin. Previous studies measuring gamma EEG need to be re-evaluated. SIGNIFICANCE: This has a significant impact on measurements of gamma rhythms from the scalp EEG in unparalysed humans. It is to be hoped that signal separation methods will be able to rectify this situation. 相似文献
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Tamara M Paravicini Alyson A Miller Grant R Drummond Christopher G Sobey 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2006,26(6):836-845
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2*-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are known cerebral vasodilators. A major source of vascular ROS is the flavin-containing enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase. Activation of NADPH-oxidase leads to dilatation of the basilar artery in vivo via production of H2O2, but the endogenous stimuli for this unique vasodilator mechanism are unknown. Shear stress is known to activate both NADPH-oxidase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-K) in cultured cells. Hence, this study used a cranial window preparation in anesthetized rats to investigate whether increased intraluminal blood flow could induce cerebral vasodilatation via the activation of NADPH-oxidase and/or PI3-K. Bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries to increase basilar artery blood flow caused reproducible, reversible vasodilatation. Topical treatment of the basilar artery with the NADPH-oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) (0.5 and 5 micromol/L) inhibited flow-induced dilatation by up to 50% without affecting dilator responses to acetylcholine. Treatment with the H2O2 scavenger, catalase similarly attenuated flow-induced dilatation, suggesting a role for NADPH-oxidase-derived H2O2 in this response. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) partially reduced flow-induced dilatation, and combined treatment with a ROS inhibitor (DPI or catalase) and L-NAME caused a greater reduction in flow-induced dilatation than that seen with any of these inhibitors alone. Flow-induced dilatation was also markedly inhibited by the PI3-K inhibitor, wortmannin. Increased O2*- production in the endothelium of the basilar artery during acute increases in blood flow was confirmed using dihydroethidium. Thus, flow-induced cerebral vasodilatation in vivo involves production of ROS and nitric oxide, and is dependent on PI3-K activation. 相似文献
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R. B. Stewart D. L. Kurtz M. Zweifel T. -K. Li J. C. Froehlich 《Psychopharmacology》1992,106(2):169-174
The duration of retention of tolerance to ethanol was tested in the alcohol-preferring (P) and alcohol-nonpreferring (NP)
rats lines, using ethanol-induced hypothermia as a measure of tolerance. Rats received two injections of ethanol (3.5 g/kg)
body wt, IP) and the time between the injections was 1, 2, or 3 days. When one day separated the two injections, tolerance
to the hypothermic effect of a second “test” injection was found in both lines. When 2 or 3 days separated the two injections,
the P line showed a loss of tolerance and the NP line showed sensitization to ethanol. Sensitization in the NP line grew stronger
when the interval between injections was increased from 2 to 3 days. The duration of retention of tolerance to ethanol-induced
hypothermia in the P line was shorter than has previously been reported for motor impairment in this line. It appears that
the duration of tolerance retention in the P line depends on the test used to measure tolerance. Sensitization to ethanol
in the NP line may be associated with low oral ethanol intake.
This research was supported, in part, by grants AA08312, AA03243, and AA07611 from the PHS 相似文献
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Hoza B Gerdes AC Hinshaw SP Arnold LE Pelham WE Molina BS Abikoff HB Epstein JN Greenhill LL Hechtman L Odbert C Swanson JM Wigal T 《Journal of consulting and clinical psychology》2004,72(3):382-391
The self-perceptions of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 487) were compared with those of children in a local normative comparison group (n = 287), relative to teacher- and parent-rated perceptions of their competence. Children were participants in the ongoing follow-up portion of the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD. Children with ADHD were much more likely than comparison children to overestimate their competence relative to adult report, regardless of who was used as the criterion rater (teacher, mother, or father). Examination by comorbidity subgroups revealed that children with ADHD inflated their self-perceptions the most in domains of greatest deficit. Gender effects also are reported. 相似文献
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Effect of aging on neuroglobin expression in rodent brain 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Sun Y Jin K Mao XO Xie L Peel A Childs JT Logvinova A Wang X Greenberg DA 《Neurobiology of aging》2005,26(2):275-278
Neuroglobin (Ngb), a recently discovered O2-binding heme protein related to hemoglobin and myoglobin, protects neurons from hypoxic-ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo. In immunostained mouse brain sections, we found widespread expression of Ngb protein in neurons, but not astrocytes, of several brain regions that are prominently involved in age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Western blots from young adult (3 month), middle-aged (12 month), and aged (24 month) rats showed an age-related decline in Ngb expression in cerebral neocortex, hippocampus, caudate-putamen, and cerebellum. Loss of this neuroprotective protein may have a role in increasing susceptibility to age-related neurological disorders. 相似文献