双重抗血小板治疗对急性脑梗死患者血小板-白细胞聚集体的影响

<正> 血小板活化是脑梗死(CI)发生、发展的中心环节之一,而血小板与白细胞黏附形成血小板-白细胞聚集体(PLA)是血小板活化的敏感指标。该研究对采用抗血小板药物治疗前后急性CI患者的PLA情况进行了检测。 1 对象和方法 1.1 观察对象:收集作者医院2008-11-01—2009-10-31住院的急性CI患者98例。人选标准:(1)符合全国第四届脑血管病学术会议修订的诊断标准;(2)发病72 h以内;(3)出现颈内动脉供血区局灶神经功能缺失的症状和体征;(4)经头颅CT或MRI检查证实;(5)排除房颤、感染性心内     

肥厚性硬脑膜炎19例临床分析

目的探讨肥厚性硬脑膜炎(HCP)的临床特点。方法对19例HCP患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 HCP病因复杂,临床上最常见为头痛,伴或不伴颅神经损害或小脑共济失调。CSF可异常,但无明显特异性; MRI表现为肥厚的硬脑膜T1WI呈等、略低信号,T2WI呈明显低信号,增强后扫描强化明显,部分区域呈结节状强化。糖皮质激素及免疫抑制治疗有效。结论 HCP病因较复杂,临床表现以慢性头痛伴或不伴颅神经缺损为主要症状,MRI检查有特征性表现,糖皮质激素或免疫抑制剂是治疗主要药物。     

Relieving throat and opening orifice acupuncture therapy for the post-stroke dysphagia

Objectives: To observe the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy for relieving throat and opening orifice on dysphagia due to different brain infarct sites.Methods: According to the random number table, 128 patients with post-stroke dysphagia were divided into group A(63 cases, intervention with deglutition training and acupuncture) and group B(65 cases,intervention with simple deglutition training). The conventional treatment and deglutition rehabilitation training in neurology department were used in the two groups. In group B, according to patient's condition, the rehabilitation trainings, such as respiration and neck movement range were used selectively.In group A, on the base of deglutition training, acupuncture therapy for relieving throat and opening orifice was supplemented. The acupoints included Sìshéncōng(四神聪EX HN 1),Bāihuì(百会GV 20), Tàiyang(太阳EX-HN5) bilateral, Fēngchi(风池GB 20) bilateral and Shésānzhēn(舌三针).Electrostimulator was attached on EX-HN 1, bilateral GB 20 and Shesanzhen(舌三针). Needles were retained for 30 min in each treatment. The treatment was given once a day, 5 treatments a week and the treatment for 3 weeks as 1 course. After 6 weeks of treatment, the deglutition ability scale developed by Fujishima Ichiro was adopted to determine the therapeutic effects and observe the score increase for dysphagia related to brain infarct sites before and after treatment.Results: In assessment after 6-week treatment, the improvements of deglutition ability were different corresponding to different brain infarct sites in group A. Specially, the improvements in the patients with dysphagia related to cerebral hemisphere infarction in group A were better than group B(8.68 ±1.12 vs7.32 ±0.91, P0.05), followed by the improvements in the patients with dysphagia related to internal capsule/basal ganglia/diencephalon infarction(6.53 ±0.65 vs 6.36 ±0.84, P0.05). Regarding the therapeutic effects in comparison of the two groups, the total effective rates in dysphagia related to cerebral hemisphere infarction were different between the two groups significantly(96.67% vs 82.75%, P 0.05), as well as in the patients related to internal capsule/basal ganglia/diencephalon infarction(88.89% vs 66.67%,P0.05). The therapeutic effects were not different in the patients related to cerebral stem and cerebella infarction between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion: The acupuncture therapy for relieving throat and opening orifice combined with deglutition training achieves the satisfactory therapeutic effects on dysphagia induced by cortical infarction in stroke.However, a large sample and multicentral clinical trial with this therapy is needed for a further argument so that this therapy is likely promoted in clinical practice in future.     

脑梗死患者血小板白细胞聚集体的研究

目的:探讨脑梗死患者中血小板白细胞聚集体(PLA)的变化及与高血压、糖尿病的关系.方法:采用流氏细胞仪对156例脑梗死患者和30例健康对照者PLA水平进行检测,脑梗死患者按伴发疾病不同,分为高血压组、糖尿病组、高血压合并糖尿病组和单纯脑梗死组.结果:脑梗死患者PLA水平与对照组相比,具有明显差异;脑梗死患者伴高血压和(或)糖尿病患者血小板单核细胞聚集体(PMA)明显高于单纯性脑梗死组;脑梗死组伴高血压和糖尿病组中PLA与单纯性脑梗死组相比,具有明显差异.结论:脑梗死疾病发生发展过程中,血小板活化起了主要作用,且高血压及糖尿病有促进体内血小板活化作用.     

基于弥散张量成像技术探讨针刺对脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者神经重塑的研究（英文）

目的:观察针刺对脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者的临床疗效,并应用弥散张量成像技术观察针刺对其的神经重塑。方法:将120例脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者随机分为针刺组及假针刺组,每组60例,2组均接受神经内科常规治疗及吞咽康复训练,针刺组患者采取针刺治疗,穴取四神聪、百会、太阳、风池、舌三针,每次留针30 min,每天治疗1次,每周5次,3周为一疗程,共治疗2个疗程。假针刺组用钝头针放入针套内,用粘性物质将针头固定于皮肤上,实施针刺时使钝头针尖部分刚接触皮肤,不刺入皮肤。钝头针尖分别放置于四神聪、百会、太阳、风池、舌三针上。疗程同针刺组。对所有患者治疗前、后行洼田饮水试验评价临床疗效,使用头颅弥散张量成像技术(DTI)检测神经重塑。结果:临床疗效方面:治疗后,通过饮水功能评定,针刺组吞咽功能正常的为38例高于假针刺组的15例(P<0.05)。神经重塑方面:(1)表观弥散系数(ADC)。治疗前针刺组和假针刺组ADC值分别为(1.76±0.45)mm/s、(1.68±0.51)mm/s;治疗后两组ADC值分别为(0.66±0.15) mm/s、(0.74±0.11) mm/s,治疗后组间比较差异无统计学意...