NMDAR1和GABA_A受体的α_1及α_3亚单位在成年猫小脑的定位分布

用免疫组织化学反应及 Nissl染色探讨了 NMDAR1及 GABAA受体α1 和α3亚单位在成年猫小脑皮质及小脑核的定位分布。结果表明 ,NMDAR1免疫反应产物主要分布在 Purkinje细胞胞质和分子层的树突 ,分子层的星形细胞和篮细胞以及颗粒细胞层的颗粒细胞和胶质细胞呈中等强度的阳性反应 ,小脑核的神经元胞质和部分突起着色明显。 GABAA受体的α1 亚单位免疫反应产物主要分布在 Purkinje细胞胞质和树突 ,分子层的星形细胞和胶质细胞呈弱阳性 ,小脑核的神经元阳性反应明显。GABAA 受体的α3亚单位免疫反应产物主要分布在 Purkinje细胞胞质和树突 ,分子层的星形细胞和篮细胞着色明显 ,胶质细胞呈免疫反应弱阳性 ,小脑核神经元及纤维着色明显。在 Purkinje细胞层 NMDAR1、GABAA受体α1 及α3亚单位免疫阳性神经元分别占 Purkinje细胞总数的 80 % ,61% ,88%。结论 :NMDAR1、GABAA受体的α1 及α3亚单位在成年猫小脑具有广泛的分布。这些受体在介导小脑的复杂功能中可能发挥重要的作用。     

攻击行为的神经生物学机制研究进展

<正>攻击行为是一种复杂的行为,从进化上而言是一种适应性的表现,例如它对资源的保护与争夺、个体及种族的生存、繁衍有重要的作用。社会心理学家将攻击行为定义为引起他人身体或心理痛苦为目的的故意行为。攻击行为是很多精神疾病的主要特征,这包括情绪性疾病(例如抑郁、创伤后     

大鼠伏隔核多巴胺D2受体及转运体与吗啡条件性位置偏爱易感性的关系

Objective To explore the possible role of the expression of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)and dopamine transporter(DAT)located in the nucleur accumben(Nac)in rats with difierent CPP susceptibility.Methods Altogether 160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into experiment group(n=130)and control group(n=30).The experiment rats were re-classified into three groups according to the numerical value of the CPP(conditioned place preference),high preference group(HP group,n=26),moderate preference group(n=78)and low preference group(LP group,n=26).At the time of 3 hours,72 hours and 14 days after the final injection,rats in each group were scarified,and the mRNA levels of D2R and DAT in Nac were estimated with in situ hybridization.Results No significant difference of pretest scores staying at the non-preference chamber exist among the three groups(P=0.470),however.the time stayed at the conditioned preference chamber during the test period minus the time stayed at pretest natural preference was significantly higher in the HP group than the LP group(P＜0.01).In each time-point,the expression of D2R mRNA in HP group,were lower that in LP group[(131±3,122±5,119±5)and(125±4,117±8,114±5),P＜0.01].In each time-point,the expression of DAT mRNA in HP group,were significantly lower than that in LP group[(161±5,143±4,134±6)and(156±5,139±3,130±4),P＜0.01].Conclusions It can be inferred that D2R and DAT may be correlated closely and underlie the difierent susceptibility to morphine induced CPP.     

尼古丁对MPTP—PD小鼠纹状体NOS活性的影响

为观察帕金森病 (Parkinsondisease,PD)模型小鼠脑组织中一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)活性的变化 ,研究尼古丁在PD中的可能作用机制。本实验采用 1 甲基 4 苯基 1,2 ,3,6 四氢吡啶 (MPTP)建立C5 7BL小鼠PD模型 ,分别应用比色分析、高效液相色谱 电化学以及免疫组织化学检测MPTP和尼古丁对C5 7BL小鼠纹状体NOS活性 ,多巴胺 (DA)、二羟基苯乙酸 (DOPAC)、高香草酸 (HVA)水平及酪氨酸羟化酶 (TH)、神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)免疫组化的影响。结果发现尼古丁能明显抑制MPTP引起的NOS活性增加 (每mg蛋白质分别为 15 .6 3IU± 1.5IU和 13.0 9IU± 0 .89IU ,P <0 .0 1)及nNOS阳性神经元的数量 (分别为 6 8.6 1± 3.84和 39.2 6± 2 .6 4,P <0 .0 1) ,并能明显减轻MPTP引起的小鼠纹状体DA(每g脑组织中分别为 0 .73μg± 0 .2 8μg和 1.4 0 μg± 0 .19μg ,P <0 .0 1)、DOPAC(每g脑组织中分别为 0 .4 1μg± 0 .13μg和 0 .90 μg± 0 .0 9μg ,P <0 .0 1)、HVA(分别为0 .31μg± 0 .0 7μg和 0 .4 7μg± 0 .19μg ,P <0 .0 1)的降低及TH阳性神经纤维的损害。因此认为 ,尼古丁可能通过抑制nNOS的活性而对MPTP的神经毒性具有保护作用。     

大鼠伏隔核多巴胺D2受体及转运体与吗啡条件性位置偏爱易感性的关系

Objective To explore the possible role of the expression of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)and dopamine transporter(DAT)located in the nucleur accumben(Nac)in rats with difierent CPP susceptibility.Methods Altogether 160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into experiment group(n=130)and control group(n=30).The experiment rats were re-classified into three groups according to the numerical value of the CPP(conditioned place preference),high preference group(HP group,n=26),moderate preference group(n=78)and low preference group(LP group,n=26).At the time of 3 hours,72 hours and 14 days after the final injection,rats in each group were scarified,and the mRNA levels of D2R and DAT in Nac were estimated with in situ hybridization.Results No significant difference of pretest scores staying at the non-preference chamber exist among the three groups(P=0.470),however.the time stayed at the conditioned preference chamber during the test period minus the time stayed at pretest natural preference was significantly higher in the HP group than the LP group(P＜0.01).In each time-point,the expression of D2R mRNA in HP group,were lower that in LP group[(131±3,122±5,119±5)and(125±4,117±8,114±5),P＜0.01].In each time-point,the expression of DAT mRNA in HP group,were significantly lower than that in LP group[(161±5,143±4,134±6)and(156±5,139±3,130±4),P＜0.01].Conclusions It can be inferred that D2R and DAT may be correlated closely and underlie the difierent susceptibility to morphine induced CPP.     

大鼠伏隔核多巴胺D2受体及转运体与吗啡条件性位置偏爱易感性的关系

Objective To explore the possible role of the expression of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)and dopamine transporter(DAT)located in the nucleur accumben(Nac)in rats with difierent CPP susceptibility.Methods Altogether 160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into experiment group(n=130)and control group(n=30).The experiment rats were re-classified into three groups according to the numerical value of the CPP(conditioned place preference),high preference group(HP group,n=26),moderate preference group(n=78)and low preference group(LP group,n=26).At the time of 3 hours,72 hours and 14 days after the final injection,rats in each group were scarified,and the mRNA levels of D2R and DAT in Nac were estimated with in situ hybridization.Results No significant difference of pretest scores staying at the non-preference chamber exist among the three groups(P=0.470),however.the time stayed at the conditioned preference chamber during the test period minus the time stayed at pretest natural preference was significantly higher in the HP group than the LP group(P＜0.01).In each time-point,the expression of D2R mRNA in HP group,were lower that in LP group[(131±3,122±5,119±5)and(125±4,117±8,114±5),P＜0.01].In each time-point,the expression of DAT mRNA in HP group,were significantly lower than that in LP group[(161±5,143±4,134±6)and(156±5,139±3,130±4),P＜0.01].Conclusions It can be inferred that D2R and DAT may be correlated closely and underlie the difierent susceptibility to morphine induced CPP.     

大鼠伏隔核多巴胺D2受体及转运体与吗啡条件性位置偏爱易感性的关系

Objective To explore the possible role of the expression of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)and dopamine transporter(DAT)located in the nucleur accumben(Nac)in rats with difierent CPP susceptibility.Methods Altogether 160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into experiment group(n=130)and control group(n=30).The experiment rats were re-classified into three groups according to the numerical value of the CPP(conditioned place preference),high preference group(HP group,n=26),moderate preference group(n=78)and low preference group(LP group,n=26).At the time of 3 hours,72 hours and 14 days after the final injection,rats in each group were scarified,and the mRNA levels of D2R and DAT in Nac were estimated with in situ hybridization.Results No significant difference of pretest scores staying at the non-preference chamber exist among the three groups(P=0.470),however.the time stayed at the conditioned preference chamber during the test period minus the time stayed at pretest natural preference was significantly higher in the HP group than the LP group(P＜0.01).In each time-point,the expression of D2R mRNA in HP group,were lower that in LP group[(131±3,122±5,119±5)and(125±4,117±8,114±5),P＜0.01].In each time-point,the expression of DAT mRNA in HP group,were significantly lower than that in LP group[(161±5,143±4,134±6)and(156±5,139±3,130±4),P＜0.01].Conclusions It can be inferred that D2R and DAT may be correlated closely and underlie the difierent susceptibility to morphine induced CPP.     

尼古T对MPTP-PD小鼠纹状体NOS活性的影响

为观察帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)模型小鼠脑组织中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的变化,研究尼古丁在PD中的可能作用机制.本实验采用1-甲基4-苯基-l,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)建立C57BL小鼠PD模型,分别应用比色分析、高效液相色谱-电化学以及免疫组织化学检测MPTP和尼古丁对C57BL小鼠纹状体NOS活性,多巴胺(DA)、二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)、高香草酸(HVA)水平及酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)免疫组化的影响.结果发现尼古丁能明显抑制MPrP引起的NOS活性增加(每mg蛋白质分别为15.63IU±1.5 Iu和13.IU±0.89 Iu,P<0.01)及nNOS阳性神经元的数量(分别为68.61±3.84和39.26±2.64,P<0.01),并能明显减轻MPTP引起的小鼠纹状体DA(每g脑组织中分别为0.73ug±0.28ug和1.40ug±O.19ug,P<0.01)、DOPAC(每g脑组织中分别为0.4lug±0.13ug和0.90ug±0.09ug,P<0.01)、HVA(分别为0.31ug±0.07ug和O.47ug±0.19ug,P<0.01)的降低及TH阳性神经纤维的损害.因此认为,尼古丁可能通过抑制nNOS的活性而对MPTP的神经毒性具有保护作用.     

吗啡依赖大鼠部分脑区前脑啡肽基因表达改变

目的 研究吗啡依赖大鼠部分脑区的前脑啡肽基因(PENK)转录水平的改变。方法 将24只雄性Sprague-Dawlay大鼠随机等分为吗啡组(iq·2次·d-1,剂量逐日递增,5-50mg·kg·次,共10d)及对照组(注射相同体积的生理盐水)。在末次注射后的3h及3d,每组各随机灌注处死6只,取脑组织并冰冻切片,留取含中脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)、伏隔核(NAC)、中脑导水管灰质(PAG)、杏仁核(AMG)、海马CAl区(HIPCAl)的切片。利用原位杂交技术及图像分析技术检测各脑区吸光度A值(PENKmRNA)的水平。结果末次注射后3h,吗啡组大鼠5个被检脑区PENK mRNA值,均显著低于同期对照组;末次注射后3d,在除AMG以外的4个被检脑区PENK mRNA值仍显著低于同期对照组。结论慢性吗啡处理可使多个脑区PENK基因表达明显下调,从而参与吗啡依赖与戒断。     

外源性BDNF对急性高眼压后大鼠视网膜ERK1/2磷酸化的影响

为研究脑源性神经生长因子(BDNF)干预对急性高眼压后大鼠视网膜磷酸化的细胞外信号调节激酶(p-ERK1/2)表达变化的影响,本实验将成年大鼠随机分为单纯高眼压组、BDNF预处理高眼压组和溶媒预处理高眼压组,BDNF预处理高眼压组和溶媒预处理高眼压组动物左眼于加压前2d分别给予BDNF或溶媒预处理,右眼设为正常对照。各组动物左眼眼压升高至闪光视网膜电图b波消失的临界眼压并维持60min,动物分别存活1、3、7、14d后处死,冰冻切片行p-ERK的免疫组织化学染色。结果显示与正常对照相比,单纯高眼压组急性高眼压后p-ERK表达下调(P<0.05),1、3、7d组内核层出现p-ERK阳性细胞;溶媒预处理高眼压组实验结果与单纯急性高眼压组相似;BDNF预处理高眼压组急性高眼压后1、3、7d时p-ERK的表达与正常对照组相似,7d和14d出现了重新分布。此结果提示外源性BDNF可能通过促进急性高眼压后视网膜ERK1/2的活化对受损的视网膜起保护作用。