自拟清肺消支汤用于支原体肺炎患儿治疗的效果观察

<正>肺炎支原体是介于细菌与病毒之间的微生物,是儿童期肺炎和其他呼吸道感染的重要病原之一。小儿感染肺炎支原体后会引发支原体肺炎,肺部呈融合性支气管肺炎、间质性肺炎,重者可合并胸腔积液、肺不张、肺实变和肺气肿等,临床以发热和顽固性剧烈咳嗽为主要表现~([1])。若不及时治疗或治疗方式不当,将会出现心衰等并发症,甚至死亡。本文应用自拟清肺消支汤治疗支原体肺炎患儿42例,现将结果总结报道如下。     

冰微粒致孔制备聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)多孔支架

目的以冰粒子为致孔剂,用粒子滤出—冷冻干燥复合工艺制备PHB多孔支架。方法本实验以氯仿为溶剂,将PHB溶液浇入预先排列好的冰微粒空隙中,采用真空渗流方法制备冰微料-PHB复合体,液氮冷却成型后,用粒子滤出—冷冻干燥复合工艺制备多孔支架。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观测,研究该制备工艺对支架形貌的影响。结果制备的块状三维多孔支架孔径可调、孔隙结构良好、孔隙连通度高。结论本文工艺所制备的多孔支架无致孔剂残留,孔隙率高,孔隙连通度高,制备过程不会损害材料的生物相容性,可安全地用于组织工程可降解聚合物多孔支架的制备。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

脸色腰段椎间盘突出症21例临床分析

胸腰段椎间盘突出症罕见,约占椎间盘突出的0.6％～4％。随着CT及MRI的应用,其发病率有增加的趋势。因其发病率低,报道较少。但由于病变位于脊髓圆椎段,其发病较下腰段椎间盘突出有很大的特殊性,故有必要结合我院近年收治的21例对其作一回顾性分析。1 临床资料     

胶原性眼内接触镜兔眼植入术后的生物相容性研究

背景：有晶体眼眼内接触镜植入术是一种矫治高度近视的新型手术，胶原作为一种新型材料已在国外应用于眼内接触镜(ICL)的研制，国内尚无同类产品。目的：通过兔眼的动物实验，观察胶原性眼内接触镜植入眼内后的组织细胞学反应，评定胶原的生物相容性。设计：随机对照成组实验设计。地点和对象：本研究在上海第二医科大学附属新华医院眼科完成，实验对象为20只新西兰白兔，体质量2．0～2．5kg，性别不分。干预：实验兔随机分为ICL植入组、手术对照组和空白对照组3组。术后14d和28d，取下实验动物眼的前段组织和ICL。采用苏木精-伊红染色光镜检查及透射、扫描电镜技术进行观察摄片。主要观察指标：ICL表面和眼前段组织细胞形态学观察。结果：ICL植入组术后早期眼前段组织中以大量吞噬细胞浸润为主，巨噬细胞功能活跃，成纤维细胞较少。后期巨噬细胞数量减少，成纤维细胞增多。手术对照组术后早期眼前段组织中较多巨噬细胞存在，后期成纤维细胞显著增多，且有纤维组织形成。结论：ICL植入术后炎症细胞变化情况显示为典型的异物肉芽肿性炎症过程。胶原性ICL具有优良的眼内生物相容性。     

巡回性诊疗护理与老年人保健

饭富病院地处日本本州山黎县,远离大都市,地偏人稀,但环境优美,气候宜人,的确是疗养的好地方。饭富病院属公立医院,虽规模较小,但是一所综合性医院。我们在此院研修3个月,时间虽短,但期间的所见所闻,尤其护理方面给我们的启发和教益却是十分深刻的。现介绍几个片断,以飨读者。1     

中风古方功同再造

人参再造丸和华佗再造丸，都是治疗心脑血管疾病的经典方药。看着这两种药，老百姓就纳闷了，该用哪个呢？[编者按]     

清热化瘀法治疗慢性胃炎

清热化瘀法治疗慢性胃炎龙岩地区第一医院（３６４０００）蔡师敏，林群莲，黄发盛我们应用清热化瘀法治疗慢性胃炎３３例，效果满意。本组３３例中，男性２１例，女性１２例，年龄最小２３岁，最大６４岁，平均年龄４３，５岁，病程６个月至５年１１例，６至１０年１５例...     

巨大输尿管积水1例报告

孙某某,男,15个月。患儿出生后其父母发现腹部逐渐增大,饮食正常,未引起注意。四天前因腹胀、发烧而就诊。体查:体温39.2℃,脉搏100次/分。生长发育中等,营养欠佳、无贫血。腹部明显膨隆,腹围55.5cm,外观见似大肠袢样物纡曲满腹。触