Detection of Platelet Antibody Using Rosette Technique with Anti-IgG Antibody-Coated Polyacrylamide Gel

Abstract. Paraformaldehyde-fixed platelets from normal donors were used for detection of antibody to platelet by in vitro sensitization (indirect method) utilizing rabbit anti-human IgG heavy chain specific antibody-coated polyacrylamide gels (Immunobeads). The sensitized platelets formed rosettes with Immunobeads and the positive rosette count was over 30%, while control showed less than 8% when normal sera were used. This method was also applicable for detecting antibody-sensitized platelets in vivo (direct method) in patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia. This method is simple, rapid and reproducible for clinical use. Direct and indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests and a blocking test with anti-human serum also supported the results of Immunobead rosetting technique.     

Clinicopathological findings of a natural outbreak of Theileria annulata in cattle: an emerging disease in southern Iran

Theileriosis is an economically important hemoprotozoal disease with high morbidity and mortality in cattle. The present study reported the pathological features of a natural outbreak of tropical bovine theileriosis due to Theileria annulata in Fars Province, southern Iran. T. annulata was confirmed by the presence of T. annulata piroplasms in the blood smears and also by polymerase chain reaction test. On necropsy, pale mucous membranes and petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages in the mucosal and serosal surfaces together with lymphadenopathy were observed. The liver was friable, yellowish, and larger than normal. Hemorrhages and punched-out ulcers were observed in the abomasal mucous membrane. Severe petechial hemorrhages were seen in the skin particularly in the hairless areas. Pulmonary edema and emphysema with petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhagic foci in the lungs were evident. The main histological changes were proliferation of lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and proliferation of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in the spleen, Peyer's patches, portal tracts of the liver, and interstitial tissue of the kidneys. The mucous membrane of the abomasum showed numerous multifocal areas of necrosis and ulceration, and the submucosal area and lamina propria adjacent to these lesions showed hyperemia and hemorrhages, with mononuclear cell infiltration. The skin showed multifocal necrotic changes, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages, and chronic dermatitis. The schizonts of Theileria were evident in the cytoplasm of the lymphocytes and macrophages of the lymph nodes, spleen, and skin. Molecular examination revealed that these animals were infected with T. annulata. The present study describes the clinicopathological findings of bovine tropical theileriosis in an unpredictable weather condition.     

Dissected Aorta Repair Through Stent Implantation trial: Canadian results

Objectives

We describe the Canadian results of the Ascyrus Medical Dissection Stent (AMDS), a novel partially uncovered aortic arch hybrid graft implanted antegrade during hypothermic circulatory arrest to promote true lumen expansion and enhance aortic remodeling.

Hematological profiles of goats naturally infected with Anaplasma ovis in north and northeast Iran

This study was conducted to measure selected hematological parameters in goats naturally infected with Anaplasma ovis. In this study 193 blood samples were collected from adult and young goats in north (Gonbad) and northeast (Mashhad) of Iran. Out of the 193 blood samples, 123 samples were positive (infected group) and 70 samples were negative (uninfected group) for A. ovis by polymerase chain reaction. Hematological analysis was carried out on 47 samples from the infected group and 37 samples from the uninfected group. Hematological analysis indicated significant decreases (P?<?0.01) in RBC counts, HCT values, and hemoglobin concentrations in the A. ovis-infected group of goats compared to the uninfected group (P?<?0.01). The mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, WBC counts, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes in the infected group were lower but neutrophils were higher than in the uninfected group. These differences were not statistically significant (P?>?0.05). The result from this study revealed that A. ovis infection in goats is associated with marked changes in hematological parameters.     

Metabolic response of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to essential oil of Ajwain and thymol

The effects of Carum copticum essential oil (CC EO) and thymol were assayed against fourth instar of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller by determining insecticidal activities and enzymatic responses. Concentrations of 5.42 and 6.81?μl/ml were obtained as LC₅₀ values for CC EO and thymol, respectively. The activities of esterases, aminotransferases, aldolase, and lactate dehydrogenase significantly decreased in the treated larvae by CC EO and thymol. Significant increases in glutathione S-transferases, γ-glutamyl transferase, and phosphatases were observed after treatment. Results revealed that CC EO and thymol significantly influenced the enzymatic activities of E. kuehniella leading to disruption of survival and metabolic responses.     

Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor,a potent adjuvant for polarization to Th‐17 pattern: an experience on HIV‐1 vaccine model

Cytokines are mediators for polarization of immune response in vaccines. Studies show that co‐immunization of DNA vaccines with granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) can increase immune responses. Here, experimental mice were immunized with HIV‐1_{tat/pol/gag/env} DNA vaccine with GM‐CSF and boosted with recombinant vaccine. Lymphocyte proliferation with Brdu and CTL activity, IL‐4, IFN‐γ, IL‐17 cytokines, total antibody, and IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes were assessed with ELISA. Results show that GM‐CSF as adjuvant in DNA immunization significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation and IFN‐γ cytokines, but CTL response was tiny increased. Also GM‐CSF as adjuvant decreased IL‐4 cytokine vs mere vaccine group. IL‐17 in the group that immunized with mixture of DNA vaccine/GM‐CSF was significantly increased vs DNA vaccine group. Result of total antibody shows that GM‐CSF increased antibody response in which both IgG1 and IgG2a increased. Overall, results confirmed the beneficial effect of GM‐CSF as adjuvant to increase vaccine immunogenicity. The hallmark result of this study was to increase IL‐17 cytokine with DNA vaccine/GM‐CSF immunized group. This study for the first time provides the evidence of the potency of GM‐CSF in the induction of IL‐17 in response to a vaccine, which is important for control of infection such as HIV‐1.     

A Multi‐Structural Model for Prediction of Effective Gas Permeability in Mixed‐Matrix Membranes

A new model for prediction of the effective permeability of gases in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), considering the effects of particle shape and the interfacial layer, is presented. The proposed model treats core filler particles and interfacial shell layers as complex particles. Moreover, the Bruggman mathematical procedure is used to improve the accuracy of the presented model for high concentrations of fillers in MMMs. Also, an appropriate uniform criterion is established to make efficient use of the new model for various experimental data to avoid the need for curve‐fitting procedures. Finally, the proposed model is examined for several sets of experimental data.

     

The effects of diode laser (660 nm) on the rate of tooth movements: an animal study

Lasers in Medical Science - Low-level laser has been indicated to have the capability to facilitate the differentiation of the osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells which are responsible for the bone...