应用3.0T MRI评价缺血性脑血管病与鼻窦炎性病变的关系

目的:应用3.0TMRI从影像学角度探讨缺血性脑血管病与鼻旁窦炎性病变的关系及鼻旁窦炎性病变的MRI表现。方法:①分组及检测:2006-10/2007-08河北医科大学第二医院收治经临床及影像学证实为缺血性脑血管病患者218例为病例组,健康体检者218例为对照组,应用美国GE公司Signa Excite HD 3.0T高场强MR扫描仪常规行MRI及MRA检查。②评估指标:MRI图像观察以轴位T2-FSE、轴位T1-FLAIR序列为主,辅以轴位T2-FLAIR、矢状位T1-FLAIR序列,观察并记录脑实质MRI表现、鼻旁窦有无炎性病变。MRA图像观察以MIP重组后图像为主,辅以MRA源图像,观察并记录颅内血管异常情况。主要观察指标包括额窦、筛窦、蝶窦、上颌窦受累情况,各窦病变类型(黏膜增厚、炎性积液、黏膜下囊肿)及相应的MRI表现。结果:①病例组所有患者前循环及后循环系统血管均存在不同程度的动脉粥样硬化改变,143例患者脑实质出现缺血性病变;对照组脑实质及脑血管均未见异常改变。②病例组鼻旁窦有病变者123人次(56.4%),上颌窦病变96例,筛窦病变58例,蝶窦病变30例,额窦病变15例;对照组鼻旁窦有病变者54人次(24.8%),上颌窦病变8例,筛窦病变34例,蝶窦病变2例,额窦病变4例。病例组鼻旁窦炎性病变明显较对照组多(χ2=45.281,P=0.000)。相关系数C=0.91。结论:缺血性脑血管病患者鼻旁窦炎性病变发病率高,缺血性脑血管病与鼻旁窦炎性病变间有一定的相关性。     

在体微血管内测定肿瘤细胞黏附性的实验方法

目的:介绍一种用于研究在体微血管内肿瘤细胞黏附的实验原理和实现方法。方法:利用显微镜在体测量毛细管前小静脉里肿瘤细胞黏附率,每根微血管以1000μm/s的速度灌注(2～4)×109L-1的肿瘤细胞。结果:微针尖注射速度和压力差成正比,显微镜可观察肿瘤细胞在血管里黏附个数随时间的变化。结论:该方法可控制血管内压力和流速及灌注肿瘤细胞的浓度等,模拟微血管正常生理状态下不同条件下肿瘤细胞的黏附特性。     

Intestinal lactase deficiency in an apparently normal Peruvian population

The prevalence of milk and lactose intolerance and intestinal lactase deficiency was studied in 30 apparently healthy Peruvian individuals. At the same time, 20 milk-intolerant persons were included in the study. According to the results of lactose-tolerance tests and intestinal lactase assays, one-third of the 30 were considered normal and were used as controls. The other two-thirds were found to be abnormal and were referred to asasymptomatics; they tolerated well small amounts of milk consumed daily. Upon lactose load, they developed gastro-intestinal symptoms, and maximal rise of blood glucose was below normal limits. Enzymatic assay indicated that they were deficient in intestinal lactase. The remaining 20 were intolerant to milk and the results of their tests were abnormal. Sucrase activity was similar in the 3 groups. This high incidence of lactase deficiency in apparently normal individuals seems to be acquired.     

反义寡核苷酸抗肝炎病毒研究进展

反义核酸是指能够与基因组DNA有意义链(sense sequence),或有意义链的转录体互补结合的核苷酸序列,包括反义RNA、反义NDA、反义寡核苷酸具有核酸特异切割活性的核酶等.反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligodeoxynucleotide,ASODN)是指合成的20个碱基左右的一小段核苷酸,按照Watson-Crick碱基配对原则与特定的靶序列杂交,从而抑制基因表达.其作用方式有2种:①与mRNA杂交,单纯阻断核糖体对mRNA的翻译;②激活一种降解mRNA的选择性内切酶RNaseH.ASODN治疗具有高特异性,是一种改变肿瘤、AIDS等病毒感染性疾病中操纵基因表达的治疗方法.本文就ASODN的化学修饰、药理学研究,以及其抗肝炎病毒作用作一综述.     

Specific gel-cream as adjuvant to oral isotretinoin improved hydration and prevented TEWL increase – a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study

Background  Hydrating and emollient products are often recommended to patients under isotretinoin therapy to control the most frequent mucocutaneous side effects and to improve adherence to treatment.
Aims  To assess, using noninvasive biophysical tests, the clinical and instrumental effectiveness of a hydrating gel-cream compared with placebo as an adjuvant to isotretinoin for treatment of facial skin in patients with inflammatory acne.
Methods  Prospective, double-blind, randomized study, using MULTI SKIN MC750, on the adjuvant effect of a hydrating gel-cream for acne (active product) vs. a gel-cream without active substances (placebo). Follow-up lasted 3 months.
Results  Sixty-six patients were included. Thirty-four were administered the active product, and 32 placebo. Though the number of lesions fell significantly in both groups, the mean number of papules on day 30 was significantly lower in the active product group. The active product group showed a significant increase in hydration, while the placebo group showed a significant increase in transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Seborrhoea decreased significantly in both groups; there were no differences between them.
Conclusions  Compared with placebo, the specific gel-cream with active products as an adjuvant to oral isotretinoin improved hydration, prevented TEWL increase, and reduced inflammatory acne lesions after 30 days.     

几种色谱技术在中药质量控制中的应用进展

目的：为了促进现代分析方法应用中药分析,方法：总结了几种色谱在中药质量控制中的进展,结果：毛细管电泳法,超临床色谱法、高效液相色谱法、气相色谱法和薄层色谱扫描法已大量用于中药质量控制。结论：现代色谱方法可用于中药的质量控制。     

四甲基偶氮唑盐法观察三水白虎汤含药血清对体外培养关节炎滑膜细胞增殖的影响

目的:采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法观察三水白虎汤含药血清对体外培养热痹证型关节炎滑膜细胞增殖的影响。方法:实验于2006-06/09在南方医科大学动物实验中心、中医药学院实验中心及组织工程研究中心完成。实验材料:滑膜组织取自南方医院脊柱外科收治的膝骨关节炎患者(女,68岁)行膝关节镜手术中切除的滑膜组织,患者知情同意。SPF级45d龄Wistar雌性大鼠15只,体质量(120±10)g。三水白虎汤中草药制剂(由南方医院中药房提供,主要成分水牛角、寒水石、白芥子、虎杖、鸡血藤等),来氟米特片(由美国欣凯公司提供)。实验分组:大鼠随机分为三水白虎汤组、来氟米特组以及生理盐水组,分别给予相应药液灌胃7d,制取含药血清。细胞培养实验共分4组,包括正常对照组以及三水白虎汤组、来氟米特组、生理盐水组3组含药血清组。实验干预:滑膜采自膝骨关节滑膜炎滑膜组织,采用体外细胞组织块培养技术,含药血清法接种培养。将第4代的滑膜细胞浓度为5×106L-1接种于板孔,在3组含药血清终浓度分别为10%,20%,30%,40%,50%下培养,正常对照组为完全培养液组。实验评估:①用四甲基偶氮唑盐检测法观察滑膜细胞的增殖。②锥虫蓝染色计数活细胞数,并进行B型细胞鉴定。结果:①滑膜细胞活性鉴定、计数及B型细胞鉴定:滑膜组织块培养后锥虫蓝拒染细胞计数为2×107,测得活性率达97%。免疫组织化学示Vimentin阳性,为B型滑膜细胞特征染色。②各组含药血清对滑膜细胞增殖的影响:生理盐水组和正常对照组的活细胞均明显增加;与生理盐水组和正常对照组比较,三水白虎汤组及来氟米特组的细胞增殖显著受抑致,活细胞数剧减(P<0.001)。在培养前5d,同一含药血清浓度下,三水白虎汤组随着培养天数增加,对细胞增殖的抑制作用增强,5d后抑制作用不再明显增加。同条件下比较活细胞数,三水白虎汤组和来氟米特组之间差异不明显(P>0.05),生理盐水组和正常对照组的活细胞数之间差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论:三水白虎汤含药血清对体外培养关节炎滑膜细胞增殖有显著抑制作用,抑制滑膜增生的途径可能为三水白虎汤治疗类风湿关节炎(热痹证型)的作用机制之一。