大鼠心脏迷走神经节前纤维的起源：HRP法研究

将辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)结晶涂于大鼠右侧迷走神经心支近侧断端,在同侧迷走神经背侧运动核、疑核以及两核之间的网状结构内发现标记细胞。根据实验结果,对心脏迷走神经节前纤维的起源进行了讨论。     

Orosensory Perception of Fat/Sweet Stimuli and Appetite-Regulating Peptides before and after Sleeve Gastrectomy or Gastric Bypass in Adult Women with Obesity

The aim of this study was to explore the impact of bariatric surgery on fat and sweet taste perceptions and to determine the possible correlations with gut appetite-regulating peptides and subjective food sensations. Women suffering from severe obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m²) were studied 2 weeks before and 6 months after a vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG, n = 32) or a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n = 12). Linoleic acid (LA) and sucrose perception thresholds were determined using the three-alternative forced-choice procedure, gut hormones were assayed before and after a test meal and subjective changes in oral food sensations were self-reported using a standardized questionnaire. Despite a global positive effect of both surgeries on the reported gustatory sensations, a change in the taste sensitivity was only found after RYGB for LA. However, the fat and sweet taste perceptions were not homogenous between patients who underwent the same surgery procedure, suggesting the existence of two subgroups: patients with and without taste improvement. These gustatory changes were not correlated to the surgery-mediated modifications of the main gut appetite-regulating hormones. Collectively these data highlight the complexity of relationships between bariatric surgery and taste sensitivity and suggest that VSG and RYGB might impact the fatty taste perception differently.     

食管贲门癌高龄患者外科治疗的探讨

对高龄食管贲门癌患者手术指征的选择,不宜把病人年龄、心电图改变、肿癌大小作为绝对指征。决定病人可否手术是病人的“生理年龄”比实际年龄更为重要。凡肿瘤在一年以内,食管钡餐相小于10cm,软组织影不大,无远处淋巴转移,心脏代偿功能较好。在作好术前准备,如进行全面的体格检查及必要的辅助检查,了解各系统情况;矫正低蛋白、贫血、脱水及电解质紊乱,加强支持疗法,抗感染,且术中仔细操作,加强麻醉处理,心脏监护,确保血压平稳,避免使用对呼吸道剌激性大的药物等,这样均可使患者耐受手术。     

乙状结肠直肠膀胱术的并发症及预防

目的：探讨乙状结肠直肠膀胱作为尿流改道术并发症的防治经验。方法：回顾性分析了22例乙状结肠直肠膀胱术作为尿流改道的临床资料,总结并发症防治的临床经验。结果：术后早期乙状结肠直肠膀胱漏1例,切口裂开经再次减张缝合治愈3例,高热伴一侧肾积水2例;远期尿道肿瘤复发1例,肿瘤远处转移3例,夜间溢尿2例,未见高氯性酸中毒、肾积水及逆行肾盂感染等严重并发症的病例。结论：乙状结肠直肠膀胱术作为尿流改道具有手术操作较简单,无严重并发症,患者生活质量高易接受,是膀胱全切后一种较理想的可控性尿流改道方法。     

髂内动脉在肾移植术后髂外动脉出血中的应用

目的:探讨肾移植术后感染性外动脉移植肾动脉吻合口出血的处理。方法:采用自体髂内动脉片或段修补、串接治疗髂外动脉吻合口大出血。结果:修复后的髂外动脉血流通畅,患侧下肢血供良好。结论:感染性移植肾动脉髂外动脉吻合口出血为肾移植术后严重并发症,单纯缝扎止血常难以奏效,与其他方法比较,自体髂内动脉片或段修补、串接修补缺损的髂外动脉操作简单,效果非常满意。     

改进的大鼠心脏异位移植模型的应用

目的 以0no建立的大鼠心脏异位移植术为基础，并对其进行简化和改进。方法 供体为SD大鼠，受体为Wistar大鼠，将供心升主动脉和肺动脉分别与受体的腹主动脉和下腔静脉吻合。结果 50次正式实验成功率达到85％，手术时间和从心缺血时间缩短，心肌保护良好，移植心存活时间2－14d。结论 该方法方便、简单，是研究器官移植排斥反应以及筛选免疫抑制药物的一种较为理想动物模型，值得进一步推广。     

Impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on fetal growth and relationship with maternal nutritional status

Background

There is a lack of evidence on whether sleeve gastrectomy (SG), which induces fewer nutritional deficiencies than Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), also affects fetal growth (FG).