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排序方式: 共有9165条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Megan L. Robbins Robert C. Wright Ana María López Karen Weihs 《Journal of psychosocial oncology》2019,37(2):160-177
AbstractObjectives: This study examined word use as an indicator of interpersonal positive reframing in daily conversations of couples coping with breast cancer and as a predictor of stress.Design: The Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) were used to examine naturally occurring word use conceptually linked to positive reframing (positive emotion, negative emotion, and cognitive processing words).Sample: Fifty-two couples coping with breast cancer.Methods: Couples wore the EAR, a device participants wear, that audio-recorded over one weekend (>16,000 sound files), and completed self-reports of positive reframing (COPE) and stress (Perceived Stress Scale). LIWC, a software program, measured word use.Findings: Both partners’ word use (i.e., positive emotion and cognitive processing words) was associated with their own reported positive reframing, and spouses’ word use was also indicative of patients’ positive reframing. Results also revealed that, in general, words indicating positive reframing predicted lower levels of stress.Conclusions: Findings supported the hypothesis that partners—and particularly spouses of breast cancer patients—may assist each other’s coping by positively reframing the cancer experience and other negative experiences in conversation. 相似文献
2.
Mani N Pavuluri Megan Marlow O'Connor Erin M Harral Melissa Moss John A Sweeney 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2006,60(9):951-956
BACKGROUND: Previous research has demonstrated that academic and neuropsychological functions are compromised in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). Investigation of the degree to which neuropsychological deficits might contribute to those academic problems is needed to aid in the recognition and intervention for school achievement difficulties in PBD. METHODS: A sample of 55 children and adolescents with PBD with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (PBD group, n = 28; PBD+ADHD group, n = 27) were tested with a computerized neurocognitive battery and standardized neuropsychological tests. Age range of subjects was 7-17 years, with the mean age of 11.97 (3.18) years. Parents completed a structured questionnaire on school and academic functioning. RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses indicated that executive function, attention, working memory, and verbal memory scores were poorer in those with a history of reading/writing difficulties. A separate logistic regression analysis found that attentional dysfunction predicted math difficulties. These relationships between neuropsychological function and academic difficulties were not different in those with PBD+ADHD than in those with PBD alone. CONCLUSIONS: In PBD neuropsychological deficits in the areas of attention, working memory, and organization/problem solving skills all contribute to academic difficulties. Early identification and intervention for these difficulties might help prevent lower academic achievement in PBD. 相似文献
3.
Megan Boitano 《Nutrition in clinical practice》2006,21(6):617-622
During critical illness, the stress response causes accelerated gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, leading to hyperglycemia and elevated serum triglyceride levels. The traditional nutrition support strategy of meeting or exceeding calorie requirements may compound the metabolic alterations of the stress response. Hypocaloric nutrition support has the potential to provide nutrition support without exacerbating the stress response. Studies have shown hypocaloric nutrition support to be safe and to achieve nitrogen balance comparable with traditional regimens. Benefits shown include improved glycemic control, decreased intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and decreased ventilator days and infection rate; however, not all studies have produced identical results. Providing adequate dietary protein has emerged as an important factor in efficacy of the hypocaloric regimen. Although it is inconclusive, currently available research suggests that a nutrition support goal of 10-20 kcal/kg of ideal or adjusted weight and 1.5-2 g/kg ideal weight of protein may be beneficial during the acute stress response. Well-designed, randomized, controlled studies with adequate sample size that evaluate relevant clinical outcomes such as mortality, ICU LOS, and infection while controlling for factors such as glycemic control, severity of illness, incorporation of calories from all sources, in addition to feeding regimens, are needed to definitively determine the effects of hypocaloric nutrition support. 相似文献
4.
Megan A. O’Grady Kristina Wilson Jennifer J. Harman 《The journal of primary prevention》2009,30(6):716-731
The purpose of this study was to evaluate a single-session peer-led safer sex intervention, based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral
Skills theoretical model, for college students residing in campus residence halls. Participants (N = 108) were assigned to either an hour long control or 5-module intervention session. Compared to the control condition,
the intervention increased participants’ information and women’s subjective norms about preventative behavior. Both the control
and intervention sessions increased intentions to perform preventative behaviors (e.g., keep condoms available). These preliminary
results suggest that this intervention is promising for increasing constructs associated with safer sexual behavior and could
easily be implemented by residence hall staff. 相似文献
5.
6.
Yew Kuang Cheng Paul A Decker Megan M O'Byrne Catherine R Weiler 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2006,97(3):306-311
BACKGROUND: There are limited studies of large cohorts of patients with specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency (SPAD) syndrome. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with specific polysaccharide antibody deficiency syndrome. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 75 patients with total IgG levels of at least 500 mg/dL and fewer than 9 of 12 responses to vaccination with pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent. Exclusion criteria included an IgG level less than 500 mg/dL, established immunodeficiency syndrome, and secondary immunodeficiency. RESULTS: The most common clinical presentation was frequent infections (n = 69; 92%), including sinusitis (n = 53; 77%), pneumonia (n = 29; 42%), ear infections (n = 18; 26%), and bronchitis (n = 19; 28%). Other presentations were systemic infections (n = 5; 7%), autoimmune or rheumatic diseases (n = 6; 8%), and chronic diarrhea (n = 4; 5%). The median IgG2 level of patients with no response to pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent tended to be lower than that of patients with at least 1 response (150 vs 193 mg/dL, respectively; P = .06). There was no association between total IgG level (categorized as 500-600 or > or = 600 mg/dL) and frequency of infection (P = .43). Patients with fewer responses to pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent and a higher frequency of infections were more likely to receive intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy (P = .01 and .003, respectively). Treatment with IVIG significantly reduced the number of infections (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Patients with no response to pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent tended to have lower IgG2 levels; those with fewer responses were more likely to receive IVIG therapy. 相似文献
7.
P2X Receptors: An Emerging Channel Family 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Gary Buell Ginetta Collo Francois Rassendren 《The European journal of neuroscience》1996,8(10):2221-2228
8.
Robert G. Frank Allyson E. Haut Megan Smick Marc W. Haut John M. Chaney 《Brain injury : [BI]》1990,4(3):289-295
Cognitive deficits associated with closed head injury (CHI) have been well studied. Less attention has been directed to the emotional consequences of CHI and subsequent attempts to cope with major life events. CHI typically constitutes a catastrophic injury, yet few studies have examined coping strategies used by individuals after CHI or the effects of CHI on family functioning that may mediate coping. Previous workers have speculated that time since injury is a crucial determinant of coping; however, this has not been investigated with regard to CHI. In this preliminary investigation, 40 patients with CHI were compared with 17 neurologically intact controls. The CHI group was divided into two groups according to time since injury. It was found that patients with CHI used information seeking as their most dominant coping strategy regardless of their time since injury. Patients with CHI had higher family cohesion scores than control subjects. Implications of these findings for psychological response to CHI are discussed. 相似文献
9.
Padmaja Yalamanchili Eric Wexler Megan Hayes Ming Yu Jody Bozek Mikhail Kagan Heike S. Radeke Michael Azure Ajay Purohit David S. Casebier Simon P. Robinson 《Journal of nuclear cardiology》2007,14(6):782-788
Background
BMS-747158-02 is a novel fluorine 18-labeled pyridazinone derivative designed for cardiac imaging. The uptake and retention
mechanisms of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiac myocytes were studied in vitro, and the biodistribution of F-18 BMS-747158-02
was studied in vivo in mice.
Methods and Results
Fluorine 19 BMS-747158-01 inhibited mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) in bovine heart submitochondrial particles with an IC50 of 16.6±3 nmol/L that was comparable to the reference inhibitors of MC-1, rotenone, pyridaben, and deguelin (IC50 of 18.2±6.7 nmol/L, 19.8±2.6 nmol/L, and 23.1±1.5 nmol/L, respectively). F-18 BMS-747158-02 had high uptake in monolayers
of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (10.3%±0.7% of incubated drug at 60 minutes) that was inhibited by 200 nmol/L of rotenone (91%±2%)
and deguelin (89%±3%). In contrast, an inactive pyridaben analog, P-0 (IC50 value>4 μmol/L in MC-1 assay), did not inhibit the binding of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiomyocytes. Uptake and washout kinetics
for F-18 BMS-747158-02 in rat cardiomyocytes indicated that the time to half-maximal (t1/2) uptake was very rapid (approximately 35 seconds), and washout t1/2 for efflux of F-18 BMS-747158-02 was greater than 120 minutes. In vivo biodistribution studies in mice showed that F-18 BMS-747158-02
had substatial myocardial uptake (9.5%±0.5% of injected dose per gram) at 60 minutes and heart-to-lung and heart-to-liver
ratios of 14.1±2.5 and 8.3±0.5, respectively. Positron emission tomography imaging in the mouse allowed clear cardiac visualization
and demonstrated sustained myocardial uptake through 55 minutes.
Conclusions
F-18 BMS-747158-02 is a novel positron emission tomography cardiac tracer targeting MC-I in cardiomyocytes with rapid uptake
and slow washout. These characteristics allow fast and sustained accumulation in the heart. 相似文献
10.