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排序方式: 共有352条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Primary syphilis in HIV‐negative patients is on the rise in Greece: epidemiological data for the period 2005–2012 from a tertiary referral centre in Athens,Greece
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2.
Increased sensitization in urban vs. rural environment – Rural protection or an urban living effect?
Kostas N. Priftis Michael B. Anthracopoulos Alexandra Nikolaou-Papanagiotou Vasiliki Mantziou Athanasios G. Paliatsos George Tzavelas Polyxeni Nicolaidou Eva Mantzouranis 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2007,18(3):209-216
In a population-based longitudinal cohort study, we tested the hypothesis that children growing up in a high-traffic polluted urban area (UA) in the Athens' basin have higher prevalence of allergies and sensitization when compared with those growing up in a Greek provincial rural area (RA). We recruited 478 and 342 children aged 8-10 living in the UA and the RA, respectively. Respiratory health was assessed by a parent-completed questionnaire in three phases: 1995-96 (phase 1), 1999-2000 (phase 2), 2003-04 (phase 3) and skin-prick testing to common indoor and outdoor aeroallergens was performed at phases 1 and 2. Reported asthma and eczema did not differ between the two areas, whereas reported hay fever was persistently more prevalent in the UA than in the RA (16.5%, 17.0%, 18.2% vs. 7.0%, 8.3%, 9.6%, respectively). Sensitization was more prevalent in the UA at both phases (19.0% vs. 12.1% in phase 1, 20.0% vs. 14.1% in phase 2). Residential area contributed independently to sensitization to >or=1 aeroallergens (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.66; p = 0.003) and to polysensitization (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.82; p = 0.020) in phase 1. These associations were independent of farming practices. No significant contributions were found in phase 2. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to urban environment is associated with a higher prevalence of hay fever but not of asthma or eczema. The negative association between rural living and the risk of atopy during childhood, which is independent of farming practices, implies that it is mainly driven by an urban living effect. 相似文献
3.
K N Priftis A Papadimitriou E Gatsopoulou P K Yiallouros A Fretzayas P Nicolaidou 《The European respiratory journal》2006,27(2):316-320
The present authors evaluated adrenal reserve in asthmatic children on long-term inhaled corticosteroids and whether possible adrenal suppression could be predicted by growth retardation. Low-dose synacthen test (0.5 microg x 1.73 m(-2)) was performed in 72 asthmatic children with a median age of 9.4 (range 4.2-15.7) yrs on long-term treatment (median 18 (range 6-84) months) with low-to-moderate doses (median 363 (range 127-1012) microg x m(-2)) of inhaled budesonide, as well as in 30 controls. Adrenal suppression was considered as a peak serum cortisol <495 nmol x L(-1). The current authors calculated height standard deviation score (HSDS) at the time of testing and height velocity SDS (HVSDS) in the preceding year. Mean HSDS was 0.06+/-1.3 and HVSDS was -0.9+/-2.3. Adrenal suppression was disclosed in 15 asthmatic children (20.8%). There were no differences in HSDS and HVSDS between children with and without adrenal suppression. There was no correlation between peak cortisol response and dose or duration of treatment. However, a positive relationship between HVSDS and duration of treatment was noted. These data suggest that long-term treatment of asthmatic children with low and moderate doses of inhaled budesonide may result in mild adrenal suppression that cannot be predicted by growth deceleration. The negative influence of inhaled corticosteroids on growth becomes less the longer the duration of treatment. 相似文献
4.
Woobeen Lim Michael L. Pennell Michelle J. Naughton Electra D. Paskett 《Statistics in medicine》2022,41(1):17-36
Many prospective biomedical studies collect longitudinal clinical and lifestyle data that are both continuous and discrete. In some studies, there is interest in the association between a binary outcome and the values of these longitudinal measurements at a specific time point. A common problem in these studies is inconsistency in timing of measurements and missing follow-ups which can lead to few measurements at the time of interest. Some methods have been developed to address this problem, but are only applicable to continuous measurements. To address this limitation, we propose a new class of joint models for a binary outcome and longitudinal explanatory variables of mixed types. The longitudinal model uses a latent normal random variable construction with regression splines to model time-dependent trends in mean with a Dirichlet Process prior assigned to random effects to relax distribution assumptions. We also standardize timing of the explanatory variables by relating the binary outcome to imputed longitudinal values at a set time point. The proposed model is evaluated through simulation studies and applied to data from a cancer survivor study of participants in the Women's Health Initiative. 相似文献
5.
6.
T Karpathios C Golphinos P Psychou A Garoufi A Papadimitriou P Nicolaidou 《Archives of disease in childhood》1998,78(1):64-66
An indirect fluorescent antibody test for Bartonella
henselae, B quintana, and B
elizabethae was performed in all 18 children who presented to
our paediatric outpatient clinic with cat scratch disease over a six
year period. Serum samples were taken on admission, after 15 days, and
after six months. Diagnosis was confirmed in 15 patients (83%) and was
based on seroconversion or a fourfold change of the antibody titre to
B henselae in 12 patients and on a single high titre
(>128) in three patients. Lymphadenopathy was present in all patients,
erythema nodosum in one, osteomyelitis in one, hepatitis in one,
transverse myelitis in one, and liver or spleen granulomata, or both,
in three patients. Cat scratch disease developed in autumn or winter in
12 patients. All had a history of physical contact with a cat. Our
study shows that our clinical suspicion was accurate in the diagnosis
of cat scratch disease in a high percentage of patients presenting to a
hospital and that indirect fluorescent antibody testing for B
henselae is a useful diagnostic tool.
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7.
Terryl J Hartman Binbing Yu Paul S Albert Martha L Slattery Electra Paskett James Walter Kikendall Frank Iber Brenda K Brewer Arthur Schatzkin Elaine Lanza 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2005,14(10):2359-2365
The Polyp Prevention Trial was designed to evaluate the effects of a high-fiber (18 g/1,000 kcal), high-fruit and -vegetable (3.5 servings/1,000 kcal), low-fat (20% energy) diet on recurrence of adenomatous polyps. Participants > or =35 years of age, with histologically confirmed colorectal adenoma(s) removed in the prior 6 months, were randomized to the intervention or control group. Demographic, dietary, and clinical information, including use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), was collected at baseline and four annual visits. Adenoma recurrence was found in 754 of 1,905 participants and was not significantly different between groups. NSAID use was associated with a significant reduction in recurrence [odds ratio (OR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.63-0.95]. In this analysis, NSAIDs modified the association between the intervention and recurrence at baseline (P = 0.02) and throughout the trial (P = 0.008). Among participants who did not use NSAIDs, the intervention was in the protective direction but did not achieve statistical significance (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.69-1.09). The intervention was protective among males who did not use NSAIDs at baseline (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.94), but not among NSAIDs users (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.74-1.62). For females, corresponding OR estimates were 1.28 (95% CI, 0.86-1.90) and 2.30 (95% CI, 1.24-4.27), respectively. The protective association observed for NSAID use was stronger among control (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.47-0.84) than for intervention group participants (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.74-1.28). These results should be interpreted cautiously given that they may have arisen by chance in the course of examining multiple associations and Polyp Prevention Trial study participants were not randomly assigned to both dietary intervention and NSAID use. Nevertheless, our results suggest that adopting a low-fat, high-fiber diet rich in fruits and vegetables may lower the risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence among individuals who do not regularly use NSAIDs. 相似文献
8.
Hearing evaluation of patients with head and neck cancer: Comparison of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events,Brock and Chang adverse event criteria in patients receiving cisplatin
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9.
Katz ML Broder-Oldach B Fisher JL King J Eubanks K Fleming K Paskett ED 《Journal of general internal medicine》2012,27(9):1135-1141
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates remain low among low-income minority populations.OBJECTIVE
To evaluate informed decision making (IDM) elements about CRC screening among low-income minority patients.DESIGN
Observational data were collected as part of a patient-level randomized controlled trial to improve CRC screening rates. Medical visits (November 2007 to May 2010) were audio-taped and coded for IDM elements about CRC screening. Near the end of the study one provider refused recording of patients’ visits (33 of 270 patients). Among all patients in the trial, agreement to be audio taped was 43.5 % (103/237). Evaluable patient (n = 100) visits were assessed for CRC screening discussion occurrence, IDM elements, and who initiated discussion of each IDM element.PARTICIPANTS
Patients were African American (72.2 %), female (63.7 %), with annual household incomes <$20,000 (60.7 %), without health insurance (57.0 %), and limited health literacy (53.7 %).KEY RESULTS
Although CRC screening was mentioned during 48 (48 %) visits, no further discussion about screening occurred in 23 visits (19 times mentioned by the participant with no response from providers). During any visit, the maximum number of IDM elements was five; however, only two visits included five elements. The most common IDM element discussed in addition to the nature of the decision was the assessment of the patient’s understanding in 16 (33.3 %) of the visits that included a CRC discussion.CONCLUSIONS
A patient activation intervention initiated CRC screening discussions with health care providers; however, limited IDM occurred about CRC screening during medical visits of minority and low-income patients.KEY WORDS: colorectal cancer, cancer screening, communication, decision making 相似文献10.
Belief About Mandatory School Vaccinations and Vaccination Refusal Among Ohio Appalachian Parents: Do Demographic and Religious Factors,General Health,and Political Affiliation Play a Role?
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