全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1518篇 |
免费 | 99篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 16篇 |
儿科学 | 94篇 |
妇产科学 | 50篇 |
基础医学 | 192篇 |
口腔科学 | 76篇 |
临床医学 | 128篇 |
内科学 | 370篇 |
皮肤病学 | 43篇 |
神经病学 | 113篇 |
特种医学 | 57篇 |
外科学 | 192篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
预防医学 | 104篇 |
眼科学 | 29篇 |
药学 | 31篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 103篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 47篇 |
2020年 | 35篇 |
2019年 | 55篇 |
2018年 | 36篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 32篇 |
2015年 | 54篇 |
2014年 | 54篇 |
2013年 | 85篇 |
2012年 | 100篇 |
2011年 | 109篇 |
2010年 | 78篇 |
2009年 | 52篇 |
2008年 | 119篇 |
2007年 | 109篇 |
2006年 | 101篇 |
2005年 | 84篇 |
2004年 | 59篇 |
2003年 | 60篇 |
2002年 | 48篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1960年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1625条查询结果,搜索用时 468 毫秒
1.
2.
Hasan Yüksel Ali Riza Odaba?i Selda Demircan Aslihan Karul Leyla Didem Kozaci Kutsi K?seo?lu Kadir Kizilkaya Okay Ba?ak 《Gynecological endocrinology》2006,22(7):381-387
AIM: To evaluate the effects of oral continuous 17beta-estradiol plus norethisterone acetate (E2/NETA) replacement therapy on abdominal subcutaneous fat, serum leptin level (SLL) and body composition in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 6-month, prospective, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study was conducted. Forty-three healthy naturally postmenopausal women aged 43-65 years were randomly assigned to receive E2/NETA (2 mg E2 plus 1 mg NETA, n = 22) or placebo (n = 21). Fasting SLL by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness (STh) by ultrasound and the anthropometric indices of body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference (WC, HC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were recorded at the beginning and the end of the study. RESULTS: After 6 months of therapy, BW and SLL increased in the placebo group (p = 0.043 and 0.033, respectively). WC, HC and STh decreased significantly in the E2/NETA group (p = 0.002, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively) and they were also significantly lower in women receiving E2/NETA than in women taking placebo (p = 0.000, 0.034 and 0.000, respectively). At baseline, SLL and STh were positively correlated with all anthropometric indices except WHR. CONCLUSION: Oral continuous combined regimen of E2/NETA significantly reduced central fat accumulation as assessed by WC and STh, and attenuated the increase in SLL. The observed changes in SLL were highly and positively related to changes in STh. The oral continuous combined E2/NETA regimen appears to have protective effects on cardiovascular function and probably on metabolic diseases by its slimming effect upon WC in postmenopausal women. 相似文献
3.
Individualized anticoagulation with dermatan sulphate for haemodialysis in chronic renal failure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Boccardo P; Melacini D; Rota S; Mecca G; Boletta A; Casiraghi F; Gianese F 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(11):2349-2354
Background: Dermatan sulphate (DS) is a selective
thrombin inhibitor with antithrombotic properties and low bleeding
potential. In preliminary studies it was reported to be effective for
preventing clot formation in the haemodialysis circuit.
Methods: Ten patients on maintenance haemodialysis for
chronic renal failure underwent three consecutive investigation phases. In
phase 1 (individual dose titration), repeated dialyses were preformed with
increasing doses of DS until successful dialysis was obtained in two
sessions at the same dose. In phase 2, individualized DS doses were
validated by a randomized crossover comparison with the individual heparin
dose of each patient. In phase 3, each patient underwent 24 consecutive
dialyses with DS over 8 weeks. Successful dialysis was defined as
completion of the procedure without visible clot formation in the bubble
traps and lines or a greater than 20% decrease in dialyser capacity.
Dialysis efficiency (decrease in serum urea and creatinine, Kt/V), APTT
prolongation, bleeding time, and DS plasma concentrations were also
assessed. Results: Phase 1: successful dialysis was
achieved in nine patients with 4 mg/kg DS as a predialysis intravenous
bolus followed by continuous infusion of 0.65 mg/kg/h. One patient required
5 mg/kg plus 1.3 mg/kg/h. Phase 2: no statistically significant differences
were found between DS and heparin in any of the investigated variables.
Residual dialyser capacity and dialysis efficiency indexes indicated
equivalent efficacy. Phase 3: residual dialyser capacity and dialysis
efficiency did not change with time. There was no accumulation of DS in
plasma. No bleeding or thrombocytopenia were observed.
Conclusions: The dose of DS can be individually
titrated to suppress clot formation during haemodialysis as efficiently as
with individualized heparin. Such an individualized DS regimen maintains
its anticoagulant efficacy and is safe in prolonged use. Key
words: anticoagulation; clinical trial; dermatan sulphate;
haemodialysis; heparin
相似文献
4.
5.
Didem Yazi Tunc Akkoc Cevdet Ozdemir Ozlem Yesil Metin Aydogan Recep Sancak Nerin N Bahceciler Isil B Barlan 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2007,98(6):573-579
BACKGROUND: Mycobacteria are being investigated for modulation of inflammation in asthma and atopic disorders by eliciting particularly strong protective TH1 immune responses. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term effects of intratracheally administered Mycobacterium vaccae on an experimental murine model of asthma. METHODS: BALB/c mice were placed in 4 groups: long-term M. vaccae, M. vaccae, asthma, and control groups. All groups but controls were sensitized intraperitoneally and challenged intratracheally with ovalbumin. The long-term M. vaccae and M. vaccae groups were treated with M. vaccae intratracheally simultaneously during challenges. Finally, mice in the long-term M. vaccae group were rechallenged with ovalbumin nebulization 24 days later. Evaluations of lung histopathologic findings and serum cytokine levels were performed. RESULTS: Comparison of the long-term M. vaccae group with the asthma model group revealed that the number of hyperplasic goblet cells in small and large airways (small airway: P < .05; large airways: P < .01) and thickness of basement membrane in large airways were significantly less in the long-term M. vaccae group. Furthermore, numbers of hyperplasic goblet cells in small airways (P < .05) and basement membrane in the large airway (P < .05), as well as inflammation in small airways (P < .01), were significantly less in the M. vaccae group when compared with the asthma model group. Interferon-gamma secretion from splenocytes of the M. vaccae group was significantly higher than the asthma model and long-term M. vaccae groups. CONCLUSION: Intratracheal administration of M. vaccae exerted a long-lasting ameliorating effect on airway histopathologic features of a murine asthma model. 相似文献
6.
Fernando de Ory José Manuel Echevarría George Kafatos Cleo Anastassopoulou Nick Andrews Josephine Backhouse Guy Berbers Blazena Bruckova Daniel I Cohen Hester de Melker Irja Davidkin Giovanni Gabutti Louise M Hesketh Kari Johansen Sari Jokinen Lindsay Jones Anika Linde Elisabeth Miller Jo?l Mossong Anthony Nardone Maria Cristina Rota Andreas Sauerbrei Fran?ois Schneider Zahava Smetana Annedore Tischer Athanassios Tsakris Robert Vranckx 《Journal of clinical virology》2006,36(2):111-118
BACKGROUND: The aim of the European Sero-Epidemiology Network (ESEN2) is to harmonise the serological surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases in Europe. OBJECTIVE: To allow comparison of antibody prevalence in different countries by standardising results into common units. STUDY DESIGN: For varicella zoster virus (VZV), a reference laboratory established a panel of 148 samples, characterised by indirect enzyme-immunoassay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence, and complement fixation test. Fifty-seven samples were also studied by the fluorescence antibody to membrane antigen test. The geometric mean of the antibody activity (GMAA) obtained from four ELISA determinations was used to characterise each sample of the panel as positive (GMAA: >100 mIU/ml), equivocal (GMAA: 50-100 mIU/ml) or negative (GMAA: <50 mIU/ml) for antibody to VZV (anti-VZV). Thirteen laboratories, using five different ELISA tests, tested the panel. RESULTS: Agreement with the reference laboratory was above 85% in all cases, and the R(2) values obtained from regression analysis of the quantitative results were always higher than 0.87. Finally, the regression equations could be used to convert national values into a common unitage. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that results for anti-VZV obtained by different ELISA methods can be converted into common units, enabling the comparison of the seroprevalence profiles obtained in the participant countries. 相似文献
7.
Vittorio Scaravilli Silvia Scansani Alice Grasso Amedeo Guzzardella Marco Vicenzi Irene Rota Mario Nosotti Alberto Zanella Francesco Blasi Antonio Pesenti Giacomo Grasselli 《Transplantation proceedings》2021,53(1):260-264
Knowledge of preoperative right heart function of adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) awaiting lung transplant (LUTX) is limited. The echocardiography of adult patients with CF enlisted for LUTX was retrospectively analyzed and compared with standards and invasive analyses (right heart catheterization, multigated radionuclide ventriculography). We included 49 patients (reported as mean ± standard deviation; 29 ± 9 years of age; forced expiratory volume in first second of expiration, 31% ± 11% predicted; lung allocation score, 36 ± 5; invasive mean pulmonary artery pressure, 17 ± 5 mm Hg; multigated radionuclide ventriculography right ventricle [RV] ejection fraction, 50% ± 9%). Patients had increased RV end-diastolic area, RV wall thickness, and increased pulmonary artery acceleration time with subnormal tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, tissue Doppler positive peak systolic velocity, and fraction area change. Subnormal tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (< 23 mm), tissue Doppler positive peak systolic velocity (< 14 cm/s), and fraction area change (< 49%) had high sensitivity and negative predictive value in predicting impaired RV.ejection fractionA good correlation between echocardiographic estimated and invasively measured systolic pulmonary artery pressure was observed (R2 = 0.554, P < .001). Adults with CF awaiting LUTX have morphologic alterations of the right heart, with subclinical impairment of RV systolic function. Echocardiography may be used as a bedside, repeatable, and reliable noninvasive test to screen further deterioration in RV function while on the waiting list for LUTX. More prospective follow-up echocardiographic studies are necessary to confirm such a hypothesis. 相似文献
8.
Rota GC Stein JA 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1990,87(23):9250-9254
It is shown that the Hopf algebra dual of a supersymmetric Hopf algebra admits two presentations, and a natural isomorphism between them is described. 相似文献
9.
Rota GC Stein JA 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1994,91(26):13062-13066
An isomorphism is established between the plethystic Hopf algebra Pleth(Super[L]) and the algebra of vector symmetric functions. The Hall inner product of symmetric function theory is extended to the Hopf algebra Pleth(Super[L]). 相似文献
10.
Gerardo Zanetta Consultant Stefania Chiari Consultant Sonia Rota Registrar Giorgio Bratina Professor rea Maneo Registrar Valter Torri Medical Statistician Costantino Mangioni Professor 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》1997,104(9):1030-1035
Objective To assess the results of a policy of tailored conservative surgical management for young women with stage I ovarian carcinomas.
Design Retrospective study.
Participants Ninety-nine women aged 40 years or younger who underwent either primary surgery in our department or were referred after primary surgery performed elsewhere.
Methods Of the 99 women in our study, 56 underwent fertility-sparing surgery and 43 more radical surgery. Minimal requirements for conservative management were adequate staging and complete information about the therapeutic options. Factors important in the choice of the treatment were, age, wish to preserve fertility, histologic type and grade, and the stage of the tumour.
Results Conservative treatment was conducted in 84% of nulliparous and in 33% of parous women; 62% of grade 1 tumours, 48% of grade 2, and 50% of grade 3 were treated conservatively. With a median follow up of seven years, we observed five recurrences (9%) of carcinoma in women treated conservatively and five (12%) in those treated more radically. Two women (one in each treatment arm) were saved after recurrence. Two recurrences after conservative surgery involved the residual ovary (3.6%). Two women developed borderline tumour in the contralateral ovary and both were treated by surgery.
Conclusion After adequate staging and accurate information is given to the patient, conservative treatment may be safe in some women with early ovarian cancer. The risk of recurrence in the contralateral ovary is low. Conservative surgery may be also considered in some Stage I grade 3 tumours and in some women with stage IC tumours. 相似文献
Design Retrospective study.
Participants Ninety-nine women aged 40 years or younger who underwent either primary surgery in our department or were referred after primary surgery performed elsewhere.
Methods Of the 99 women in our study, 56 underwent fertility-sparing surgery and 43 more radical surgery. Minimal requirements for conservative management were adequate staging and complete information about the therapeutic options. Factors important in the choice of the treatment were, age, wish to preserve fertility, histologic type and grade, and the stage of the tumour.
Results Conservative treatment was conducted in 84% of nulliparous and in 33% of parous women; 62% of grade 1 tumours, 48% of grade 2, and 50% of grade 3 were treated conservatively. With a median follow up of seven years, we observed five recurrences (9%) of carcinoma in women treated conservatively and five (12%) in those treated more radically. Two women (one in each treatment arm) were saved after recurrence. Two recurrences after conservative surgery involved the residual ovary (3.6%). Two women developed borderline tumour in the contralateral ovary and both were treated by surgery.
Conclusion After adequate staging and accurate information is given to the patient, conservative treatment may be safe in some women with early ovarian cancer. The risk of recurrence in the contralateral ovary is low. Conservative surgery may be also considered in some Stage I grade 3 tumours and in some women with stage IC tumours. 相似文献