过量锰对大白鼠心脏毒性作用的实验研究

<正> 锰是人体内一种必需的微量元素,与健康和疾病有着密切关系。不论在实验动物或在人体,都已证明过多地接触锰可致锰中毒,主要累及中枢神经系统和生殖系统。至于过量锰对心脏的形态、功能和代谢作用如何,目前尚未见到有人做过全面、系统的研究。国外曾有人报道环境中锰含量与缺血性心脏病的发病率呈正相关,在国内克     

营养不良与肺气肿

<正> 临床研究表明肺气肿患者常伴有营养不良,而有营养不良的病人预后往往较差。本文就营养不良与肺气肿之间的相互关系进行综述。     

2017—2019年浙江省温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS感染来源及特征分析

目的 分析2017—2019年浙江省温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS感染来源和特征,为艾滋病综合防治措施的调整提供依据。 方法 以2017—2019年温州市鹿城区和永嘉县新发现的经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS为研究对象,调查收集其人口学、性行为、流动情况等信息,并采血检测首次CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数,运用Epi Data 3.1和SAS大学版软件进行数据整理和统计分析。 结果 342名调查对象以男性、25～59岁年龄段为主,未婚、初中及以下文化程度、外地迁入者居多。经感染来源判定,新感染比例为22.42%,本地感染比例为71.00%。15~24岁以下年龄组、未婚病例新感染比例高,分别为33.33%和31.54%;60岁及以上年龄组、教师/干部/退休等职业、大专及以上文化程度病例本地感染比例高,分别为94.74%、87.80%和81.43%;新感染病例曾发生非商业临时异性性行为、固定性伴同性性行为的比例分别为60.87%和39.53%,高于既往感染病例(χ²=3.967,P=0.047;χ²=4.314,P=0.038);本地感染病例曾发生非商业临时同性性行为比例为98.26%,高于外地感染病例(P=0.036)。 结论 2017—2019年温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS以既往感染和本地感染为主,青年、老年及高知人群不容忽视,应加强对非商业临时性行为的干预。     

滤泡辅助性T细胞的特征及其在自身免疫病和免疫缺陷病中的意义

淋巴滤泡是T细胞辅助B细胞体液免疫的重要场所,趋化至该部位的滤泡辅助性T细胞具独特的表型、基因型和功能,是一特殊的CD4+T细胞群体。该类细胞的异常可能与某些自身免疫病和免疫缺陷病相关。     

抗磷脂综合征174例临床特点及与欧洲数据的比较分析

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in a cohort of Chinese patients. Methods From January 1996 to October 2009, 174 patients with defined APS were retrospectively studied,χ2 test was selected. Results The cohort consisted of 151(86.8%) female and 23 (13.2%) male. Mean age at study was (42±13) years (range: 14-75 years). Thirty-one (17.8%) patients had primary APS, 143 (82.2% ) patients had APS associated with other diseases, including 138 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). One hundred and forty-one (81.0%) had thrombosis episodes, among which the most common presenting manifestations were stroke (27.6%), deep venous thrombosis (27.6%) and pulmonary embolism (6.3% ). Stroke was more prevalent in Chinese than European patients. Forty-five patients (31.9%) had thrombotic recurrences and 62 patients (44.0%) had more than two sites of thrombosis. Patients with primary APS had higher rates of rethrombosis than those with secondary APS (P<0.05). Fetal morbidity rate of 126 married women in our study was 50.0%. Seven of APS patients with APS nephropathy were characterized by thrombotic microangiopathy. The presence of anticardiolipin antibodies was detected in 112 patients (64.4% ), anti-beta-2 glycoprotein Ⅰ antibodies in 103 patients (59.1%) and lupus anticoagulant in 50 patients (28.7%). Conclusion APS is characterized by recurrent thrombosis, pregnancy morbidity and positive antiphospholipid antibodies tests. Stroke, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are the most common manifestations both in Chinese and European patients. Rethrombosis is more prominent in primary APS. Thrombotic microangiopathy is one of the most common histological changes of APS nephropathy. Multiple tests for aPL are proposed.     

B细胞在狼疮肾炎肾组织中的分布及临床意义

Objective To investigate B-cell distribution in lupus nephritis and evaluate its significance in pathological classification.Methods Kidney biopsy specimens were obtained consecutively from 119 patients with LN, B lymphocytes distribution were detected using immunohistochemical staining with specific antibodies and were classified into 5 groups.Chi-square test and t test were used for statistical analysis.Results ①B lymphocytes infiltration occurred in 52.1% of the LN patients (62/119), B lymphocytes were mainly distributed in the renal interstitial tissue, which occurred most frequently in class Ⅳ LN but rare in class Ⅴ LN. ②B-cell infiltrating group was associated with active disease presentations and chronic indices P＜0.01). Blood urea nitrogen(BUN)[(12±9) vs (6±3) mmol/L] and serum creatinine(Cr)[(105±84) vs(61±21) μmol/L] were higher in B-cell infiltrates group than non-B-cell infiltration group (all P＜0.01). ③Kidney biopsy specimens showed predominantly IgG deposit in immune-fluorescency intensity examination.The Ig subtype which deposited in B-cell infiltrating group was not statistically different from those deposited in non-B cell infiltrating group (P＞0.05). Conclusion This study has shown that renal B cell infiltration occurs in 52.1% of the LN patients.Patients with renal B cell infiltration have more severe kidney tissue injury and poorer renal outcomes than patients without B cell infiltration. Renal B lymphocytes infiltration may contribute to the pathogenesis of LN in a non-antibody-secreting way.     

浙江省永嘉县2008-2010年麻疹流行特征分析

麻疹是由麻疹病毒引起的常见的急性呼吸道传染病.近年来由于麻疹减毒活疫苗研制成功并推广应用,麻疹患者的发病年龄和流行特征也发生了变化.永嘉县一直以来是麻疹的高发地区.为了解沿海地区经济欠发达县近年来麻疹流行病学特点,有效预防、控制直至进一步消灭麻疹疫情,现对2008-2010年永嘉县麻疹流行病学特征分析报告如下.     

2000年永嘉县中小学生营养状况调查

为了解中小学生的营养状况 ,以便采取相应防治措施 ,2 0 0 0年 9～ 10月抽取永嘉县部分中小学生进行了调查。1　对象与方法1 1　对象　 2 0 0 0年 9～ 10月 ,在永嘉县全县范围内按整群随机抽样原则 ,抽取 6所学校 (县城和农村的高中、初中、小学各 1所 ) 7～ 18岁在校生共 6 341人进行调查。获有效卡片 6 2 79张 ,其中男生 3712人 ,女生 25 6 7人 ;县城学生 3894人 ,农村学生 2 385人。1 2　方法　由经培训的专业人员按照《学校卫生情况年报表填报说明及技术规范》的要求 ,测量身高、体重 ,以《1985年全国学生 7～ 2 2岁身高标准体重值》为…     

NICU患儿压力性损伤的发生特征和影响因素分析

目的探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)患儿压力性损伤的发生特征和影响因素,为预防接施的制定提供依据。方法选取2016年2月-2019年2月在丽水市人民医院NICU接受治疗的患儿160例,收集所有患儿相关资料,并统计压力性损伤发生情况,分析其危险因素。结果160例NICU患儿中发生压力性损伤26例,发生率为16.25%,其中医疗设备相关压力性损伤11例,共发生压力性损伤31处。骨隆突处压力性损伤好发于枕部,医疗设备相关压力性损伤多发生于耳部、口鼻部及面颊部;与无压力性损伤者比较,压力性损伤者危重、手术、意识昏迷和嗜睡、机械通气、心血管疾病所占比例及医疗设备数量均较高,Braden Q压力性损伤风险评估量表(Braden Q)评分较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic分析,危重病例量表(PCIS)评分、意识水平、手术、呼吸方式、入院诊断及医疗设备数量为压力性损伤发生的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);经Logistic分析,Braden Q评分为压力性损伤发生的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论NICU患儿压力性损伤好发于头面部,且手术、意识水平、呼吸方式等为其发生的危险因素,应及时采取有效干预措施。