北京市男男性行为者安全套使用社会规范与无保护性肛交关系的研究

Objective To understand the prevalence of and factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse(UAI)among men who have sex with men(MSM)in Beijing.Methods Five hundred MSM were recruited for a survey using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS)method, from September to October in 2009. A computer-assisted, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to gather information including demographics, sexual behaviors and condom use social norms(a scaled number). Variables were evaluated by using RDSAT and SAS software.Results Mean age of the participants was 30.6 years, with 96.0% of them as Han ethnicity and68.5% having had at least high school or higher education level. 72.8% of them were unmarried, with 61.7% of them identified themselves as homosexual, 61.2% had ＞ 1 male partners in the past six months, and the prevalence of UAI was 42.0%. Significant bivariate predictors of UAI would include condom use social norms score, role for anal sex with male sex partner, number of male sexual partners in the past 6 months and amount of alcohol consumed. In multivariable analysis, UAI was associated with a higher condom use social norms score(AOR= 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1-1.3), receptive anal intercourse(AOR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.3-3.2)and drinking alcohol more than 3 times per month in the past 12 months(AOR=1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.5). Conclusion The prevalence of UAI was high in the MSM community in Beijing, suggesting that efforts should be targeting on how to make the condom use a social norm and being promoted.     

北京市男男性行为者安全套使用社会规范与无保护性肛交关系的研究

目的 了解北京市男男性行为者(MSM)无保护性肛交发生情况及其与社区安全套使用社会规范的关系.方法 2009年9-10月采用应答驱动抽样方法(RDS)在北京市MSM中开展调查,问卷采用计算机辅助调查员访谈式,内容包括人口学、性行为学特征及安全套使用社会规范,使用RDSAT和SAS进行统计学分析.结果 500名MSM平均年龄30.6岁,96.0%为汉族,高中及以上文化程度者占68.5%,72.8%未婚.61.2%最近6个月男性性伴数量＞1;42.0%的调查对象最近一次发生过无保护性肛交.多因素统计分析表明,差异有统计学意义的变量包括安全套使用社会规范计分低(AOR=1.2,95%CI:1.1-1.3),肛交中非主动角色(AOR=2.0,95%CI:1.3-3.2)和近12个月饮酒次数＞3次/月(AOR=1.6.95%CI:1.1-2.5).MSM社区安全套使用社会规范量表内部一致性检验克朗巴赫系数为0.93.结论 北京市MSM无保护性肛交行为发生率较高,应充分发挥MSM社区内社会规范的作用,减少无保护性肛交行为的发生.

Abstract：

Objective To understand the prevalence of and factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse(UAI)among men who have sex with men(MSM)in Beijing.Methods Five hundred MSM were recruited for a survey using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS)method, from September to October in 2009. A computer-assisted, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to gather information including demographics, sexual behaviors and condom use social norms(a scaled number). Variables were evaluated by using RDSAT and SAS software.Results Mean age of the participants was 30.6 years, with 96.0% of them as Han ethnicity and68.5% having had at least high school or higher education level. 72.8% of them were unmarried, with 61.7% of them identified themselves as homosexual, 61.2% had ＞ 1 male partners in the past six months, and the prevalence of UAI was 42.0%. Significant bivariate predictors of UAI would include condom use social norms score, role for anal sex with male sex partner, number of male sexual partners in the past 6 months and amount of alcohol consumed. In multivariable analysis, UAI was associated with a higher condom use social norms score(AOR= 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1-1.3), receptive anal intercourse(AOR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.3-3.2)and drinking alcohol more than 3 times per month in the past 12 months(AOR=1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.5). Conclusion The prevalence of UAI was high in the MSM community in Beijing, suggesting that efforts should be targeting on how to make the condom use a social norm and being promoted.     

体质指数、腰围、腰臀比与社区中老年居民高血压关系研究

目的 探讨四川省泸州地区社区中老年居民BMI、腰围和腰臀比与高血压的关系。方法 2015年3月27日至4月20日采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,由统一培训的调查员对泸州市35～69岁中老年人2 033人进行面对面问卷调查和体格检查。结果 泸州市社区中老年居民高血压患病率为43.48%,超重率、肥胖率及以腰围、腰臀比计算的向心性肥胖率分别为42.5%、14.6%和48.4%、74.0%。多元非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄与高血压患病有关,45～60和≥60岁与<40岁相比,OR值分别为2.066和4.756。控制性别、年龄的混杂作用后,在BMI与腰围和腰臀比这3个指标中,BMI超重/肥胖和向心性肥胖（按腰围计算）对高血压患病有影响,腰臀比没有引入回归方程;BMI与腰围或腰臀比联合对高血压患病均有影响,从超重到肥胖者较两项指标正常人群患高血压的患病风险均逐渐增加,OR值（95% CI）分别从1.524（1.044～2.226）增加至4.641（3.405～6.326）,从1.569（1.134～2.171）增至5.468（3.797～7.876）。结论 BMI、腰围和腰臀比均与人群高血压患病率有关联,腰围较腰臀比的关联更大,提示保持体重相关指标在正常范围可能是预防高血压的有效措施之一。     

HIV感染者社会支持度污名化和歧视的性别差异

目的 了解泸州市HIV感染者在社会支持度、污名化和歧视方面的性别分布特征和差异,为精准化开展艾滋病防控提供科学依据。方法 2022年3-7月,采用污名化和歧视量表、社会支持评定量表对HIV感染者进行问卷调查。通过倾向性评分匹配方法 1∶1匹配研究对象的特征变量,比较不同性别获得的社会支持情况、感知到的污名化和歧视。结果 共收集有效问卷446份,最终有238例进入匹配模型。匹配前,男性组的社会支持得分（16.72±7.79）分、污名化和歧视总分（34.96±10.43）分以及各维度得分均低于女性（18.85±7.99）分、（38.66±8.43）分（P<0.050）。匹配后,男性组的社会支持得分（18.51±7.02）分与女性组（18.96±7.69）分之间差异无统计学意义（t=0.458,P=0.647）。女性污名化与歧视得分（38.36±8.28）分,高于男性组（35.29±10.39）分,其中担心公开[女：（10.50±2.39）分,男：（9.62±2.58）分,P=0.007]、自我负面形象[女：（9.43±2.64）分,男：（8.56±2.68）分,P=0.013]和公众...     

炫速双源CT前瞻性心电门控技术评价左心室功能的临床应用价值

目的 探讨炫速双源CT前瞻性心电门控技术评价左心室功能的准确性及可行性.方法 收集西南医科大学附属中医医院行炫速双源CT冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)和M型超声心动图(M-UCG)检查的48例患者,同一患者两种检查方法的间隔时间在一周内,将患者CCTA原始数据重建载入Syngo.via后处理工作站,应用心功能分析软件自动计算出左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV),左室收缩末期容积(LVESV),左室每搏输出量(LVSV)及左室射血分数(LVEF)),将其分别与M-UCG所测结果进行比较分析.结果 炫速双源CT所测得LVEDV、LVESV、LVSV、LVEF均较M-UCG所测值小,两种检查方法所测LVEDV和LVSV参数值差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.013、-2.918,P＜0.05),LVESV和LVEF参数值差异无统计学意义(t值分别为-0.352、-1.542,P＞0.05);两种检查方法所获得的LVEDV、LVESV、LVSV、LVEF四项心功能参数间呈直线相关(r值分别为0.91、0.83、0.72、0.69,P＜0.001).结论 炫速双源CT前瞻性心电门控技术定量评价左心室功能方面准确可靠,可成为疑似或确诊冠心病患者的一站式无创性检查方法,无需额外增加辐射剂量及对比剂剂量.     

泸州市中学生儿童期性虐待发生情况及影响因素分析

了解泸州市中学生儿童期性虐待的发生情况及其影响因素,为制定预防儿童性虐待对策和干预措施提供理论依据.方法 选取泸州市8所中学的2 292名初、高中学生,于2016年12月下旬至2017年1月上旬对儿童期性虐待经历进行不记名自填式问卷调查.结果 泸州市中学生儿童期性虐待的报告率为15.4%,其中性骚扰报告率为12.5%、猥亵为6.6%、性侵害为4.0%.性虐待发生年龄主要集中在10~15岁;施虐对象主要为同龄熟人(62.1%)、陌生人(27.9%)和长辈(10.0%).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年级越高(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.74~ 0.88)和父母至少有一方去世(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.16~0.85)是中学生儿童期性虐待发生的保护因素;家庭经济情况差(OR=1.46,95%CI=1.12~ 1.90)、看色情内容(0R=2.13,95%CI=1.57~2.89)、对异性感兴趣(OR=2.32,95%CI=1.72~ 3.14)、约会谈恋爱(OR=2.83,95%CI=2.07~3.86)、与人爱抚(OR=2.07,95%CI=1.40~3.07)和发生性行为(OR=1.99,95%CI=1.00~ 3.94)是性虐待发生的危险因素.结论 中学生儿童期性虐待发生情况不容忽视,需重视未成年人学校和家庭性教育.     

人肝癌细胞株HepG2中原钙粘附蛋白10基因异常甲基化及其与HBx蛋白的关系

目的研究原钙粘附蛋白10(PCDH10)启动子在人肝癌细胞株HepG2中的甲基化状态及与HBx调控的相关性。方法用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)和甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应(MSP),检测去甲基化药物5-氮-2’-脱氧胞苷(Aza)联合组蛋白乙酰化酶抑制剂TSA(trichostatin A)处理前后,HepG2细胞中PCDH10基因的表达及启动子甲基化水平;用亚硫酸氢盐测序PCR(BSP)定位检测发生甲基化的CG位点。用MSP检测表达HBx基因的重组腺病毒感染HepG2细胞后PCDH10基因的表达及甲基化水平。结果 PCDH10基因在HepG2细胞株中表达沉默,其启动子发生明显甲基化,Aza可以部分去除PCDH10甲基化从而上调其mRNA表达水平。但HBx蛋白表达不影响HepG2细胞中PCDH10的甲基化程度。结论 PCDH10启动子异常甲基化使HepG2细胞内转录沉默,但其甲基化状态与HBx蛋白表达无关。     

泸县2007～2010年乡镇自来水水质监测结果分析

目的 了解泸县乡镇自来水水质动态变化及其影响因素,为改善水质提供科学依据.方法 用GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对40家自来水厂2007～2010年的水质监测资料进行评价和分析.结果 4年内共检测饮用水369份,平均合格率为25.75％,年合格率依次为16.90％、24.76％、19.32％、38.10％,呈上升趋势,其中出厂水与末梢水、枯水期与丰水期平均合格率差异无统计学意义.各类指标综合合格率依次为毒理学指标(97.29％)、一般化学指标(76.15％)、感官指标(60.98％)、消毒指标(50.95％)、微生物指标(46.34％).主要不合格项目:游离余氯、总大肠菌群、菌落总数、耐热大肠菌群、浑浊度、色度.结论 泸县乡镇自来水水质较差,其中微生物和感官指标超标严重,水质亟待进一步改善.应加强对水源的防护,加强对水厂的改扩建和制水工艺的改进,加强消毒措施和人员培训,完善水厂的卫生学评价,加强饮用水卫生监督监测力度.     

北京市男男性行为者安全套使用社会规范与无保护性肛交关系的研究

Objective To understand the prevalence of and factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse(UAI)among men who have sex with men(MSM)in Beijing.Methods Five hundred MSM were recruited for a survey using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS)method, from September to October in 2009. A computer-assisted, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to gather information including demographics, sexual behaviors and condom use social norms(a scaled number). Variables were evaluated by using RDSAT and SAS software.Results Mean age of the participants was 30.6 years, with 96.0% of them as Han ethnicity and68.5% having had at least high school or higher education level. 72.8% of them were unmarried, with 61.7% of them identified themselves as homosexual, 61.2% had ＞ 1 male partners in the past six months, and the prevalence of UAI was 42.0%. Significant bivariate predictors of UAI would include condom use social norms score, role for anal sex with male sex partner, number of male sexual partners in the past 6 months and amount of alcohol consumed. In multivariable analysis, UAI was associated with a higher condom use social norms score(AOR= 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1-1.3), receptive anal intercourse(AOR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.3-3.2)and drinking alcohol more than 3 times per month in the past 12 months(AOR=1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.5). Conclusion The prevalence of UAI was high in the MSM community in Beijing, suggesting that efforts should be targeting on how to make the condom use a social norm and being promoted.     

不同体质指数和血脂水平老年人糖尿病患病情况的纵向数据研究

背景国内外多项研究表明肥胖、超重以及血脂水平异常对糖尿病均有不同程度的影响,但是缺少纵向数据对其的验证。目的纵向研究2016—2019年泸州市老年人糖尿病患病情况以及体质指数（BMI）和血脂情况对糖尿病的影响,为制定适合老年人的糖尿病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,以泸州市2016—2019年连续4年参与健康体检的老年人体检数据进行统计分析,收集性别、年龄、BMI、吸烟、饮酒、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）的资料。采用广义估计方程（GEE）,分析BMI和TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C对糖尿病患病率的影响。结果泸州市老年人2016—2019年糖尿病患病率分别为10.5%（15 893/151 132）、11.5%（17 375/151 132）、11.9%（18 019/151 132）、13.5%（20 394/151 132）。经GEE分析,在控制所有相关因素后,肥胖〔OR=2.610,95%CI（2.523,2.700）〕、超重〔OR=1.749,95%CI（1.710,1.790）〕、TC升高〔OR=1.073,95%CI（1.040,1.106）〕、TG边缘升高〔OR=1.151,95%CI（1.126,1.177）〕、TG升高〔OR=2.091,95%CI（2.042,2.140）〕、LDL-C边缘升高〔OR=1.208,95%CI（1.178,1.240）〕、LDL-C升高〔OR=1.264,95%CI（1.219,1.310）〕、HDL-C降低〔OR=1.552,95%CI（1.506,1.599）〕是老年人糖尿病患病的危险因素（P<0.01）。偏瘦〔OR=0.763,95%CI（0.730,0.798）〕、TC边缘升高〔OR=0.868,95%CI（0.850,0.886）〕是老年人糖尿病患病的保护因素（P<0.01）。结论四川省泸州市64岁以上老年人的糖尿病患病率较高,超重、肥胖和血脂异常对糖尿病的影响较大,应针对以上两项因素采取有效措施预防糖尿病的发生。