中国鼠疫菌种资源遗传特征分析

目的 建立《中国甲类传染病菌种资源库》，选择适当的指标，以反映中国鼠疫菌种的遗传背景。方法 使用传统的和分子生物学方法，测定中国鼠疫菌种代表菌株的遗传特征。并对遗传特征的分布及其意义进行分析。结果 利用6项指标，将中国的鼠疫菌划分成15种遗传型，每一型占据一片相对独立的而又自相延续的地理空间。分析遗传型之间的亲缘关系，并根据菌株间的差异，追溯鼠疫耶尔森菌作为一个生物种形成后的进化过程。结论 中国各鼠疫自然疫源地存在着不同特征的鼠疫菌株，但为达到对菌株认同的目标，还需要确定更多的遗传指征。     

用多引物聚合酶链反应检测鼠疫耶尔森菌

目的建立多引物检测鼠疫耶尔森菌（鼠疫菌）的PCR（M-PCR）方法.方法合成4对引物,分别来源于质粒和染色体DNA上F1、pla、Hms、Inv基因,对164株鼠疫菌进行扩增.结果在164株鼠疫菌中,有152株菌4种基因扩增均阳性,仅云南省12株Hms基因扩增为阴性.结论采用M-PCR方法检测鼠疫菌DNA具有较好的敏感性、特异性和稳定性,其可作为检测与鉴别鼠疫菌和疫情监测方面快速诊断的方法.     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

间接血凝试验和酶联免疫吸附试验检测鼠疫指示动物犬血清F1抗体的一致性研究

为了解鼠疫指示动物犬类在广西鼠疫自然疫源地生态系统中的功能及作用,2006年作者在广西隆林、西林县鼠疫监测点收集犬血清,进行间接血凝试验(IHA)及酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),利用Kappa值比较两种方法的一致性,评价其在鼠疫监测中的重要性与可靠性,结果报道如下.     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

某市干部人群“三高”疾病患病情况及其健康干预需求的调查分析

目的对内蒙古地区中老年人群的重点慢性病(高血压病、糖尿病、高血脂症)患病情况、健康干预需求进行调查分析,为慢性病的健康管理提供理论依据。方法选取2016年1月~12月在内蒙古自治区人民医院体检科体检的924名40岁以上的中老年干部人群,体检前进行问卷调查,了解其健康随访需求情况,然后对体检结果、健康随访需求进行回顾性分析。结果 924名体检者中,高血压病的检出率为41.3%,糖尿病的检出率为18.3%,高血脂症的检出率为49.9%,均高于全国平均水平。年龄≤80岁的体检人群中,高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的患病率与年龄呈正相关。40~60岁体检人群中,男性的高血压和糖尿病患病率明显高于女性,而女性人群的高脂血症患病率却远远高于男性,与年龄无关。需求问卷分析结果示,人们对健康管理的需求随着年龄的增长而增加,40~60岁人群的需求最低,仅有12%;80岁以上人群的需求率最高,达70.4%。结论内蒙古地区中老年人群的重点慢性病患病率高于全国慢性病患病率水平,应加强该地区人群慢性病的健康管理,60岁以下的在职干部人群保健意识淡薄,是慢性病个体化健康管理的重点人群。     

间接血凝试验和酶联免疫吸附试验检测鼠疫指示动物犬血清F1抗体的一致性研究

为了解鼠疫指示动物犬类在广西鼠疫自然疫源地生态系统中的功能及作用,2006年作者在广西隆林、西林县鼠疫监测点收集犬血清,进行间接血凝试验(IHA)及酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),利用Kappa值比较两种方法的一致性,评价其在鼠疫监测中的重要性与可靠性,结果报道如下.     

蒙古族ATP结合盒转运子A1基因R219K多态性与冠心病的相关性

目的探讨ATP结合盒转运子A1基因(ATP binding cassette transporter 1,ABCA1)R219K多态性在内蒙古地区蒙古族人群中的分布及其与冠心病的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制片段长度多态性方法检测115名蒙古族冠心病患者和对照组ABCA1基因相应片段的多态性。结果两组基因型频率均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。内蒙古地区蒙古族人群中ABCA1基因R219K多态性位点存在RR、RK、KK三种基因型,对照组的KK基因型的频率显著高于CHD组(32.7% vs 16.7%,P<0.05)。KK基因型的OR值为0.411(95% CI0.17~0.99)。结论 ABCA1基因R219K多态性与内蒙古地区蒙古族人群冠心病的遗传易感性相关,其中基因型KK可能是冠心病的保护因子。     

我国新发现的鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫菌基因组序列测定及分析

目的 测定和分析我国新发现的鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫菌株（耶尔森菌）的全基因组序列,探讨玉龙疫情菌株(D106004)与邻近两个疫源地剑川菌株(D182038)和西藏菌株(Z176003)的亲缘关系。方法 采用全基因鸟枪法及Solexa方法对3株鼠疫菌株进行全基因组测序,并进行比较基因组学分析。基因组间编码序列比较分析采用BLAST软件进行,基因组间重排分析采用MAUVE软件进行。结果 鼠疫菌株D106004、D 182038、Z176003均具有1个染色体和3个质粒,菌株间染色体、质粒特征基本相似;3株菌株间编码序列的蛋白相邻类的聚簇(COG)功能分类及插入序列数目比较差异无统计学意义(x2值分别为3.03、0.257,P均＞0.05)。菌株间编码序列、单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)和基因组重排结果显示,在3株菌株中,有2882个基因具有100％的同源性。其中D106004菌株预测的3636个基因中与D182038菌株一致的基因有2994个,90％以上相似的基因有240个;与Z176003菌株一致的基因有3113个,90％以上相似的基因有200个;D106004菌株与Z176003、D182038菌株的同义SNPs数为59、68个,非同义SNPs数为104、203个;D106004与Z176003菌株之间可分为11个重排片段,较之D106004与D182038菌株之间的16个重排片段数目明显减少。结论 3株鼠疫菌株基因之间具有高度同源性,D106004与Z176003菌株之间的亲缘关系较之与D182038菌株更为接近,玉龙疫源地菌株可能是由西藏疫源地菌株进化而来。     

微创穿刺术治疗高血压脑出血的整体护理

目的：探讨微创穿刺术治疗高血压脑出血患者围手术期科学的整体护理，使高血压脑出血患者能获得最佳的手术治疗效果，尽早顺利康复，提高生存质量。方法：对68例高血压脑出血患者实施整体护理，将手术前中后护理贯穿起来，作为一个整体来研究。结果：68例高血压脑出血微创穿刺术患者通过系统的整体护理平均住院天数和护理并发症都明显减少，生存质量显著提高。结论：围手术期科学的整体护理，是提高手术成功率、减少并发症的重要保证。通过整体护理，密切了护惠关系，缩短了病程和住院天数。