油漆工神经行为功能调查

目的：探讨油漆对作业工人的早期危害。方法：用神经行为核心测试组合（NCTB）法对55名油漆工和66名非油漆作业人员进行神经行为功能检查。结果：观察组数字广度、手提敏捷度、数字译码、视觉持留、目标追踪-Ⅱ得分均低于对照组（P＜0.05)；困惑情绪状态和数字译码、视觉持留得分随工龄增加显著降低，而平均简单反应时随工龄增加明显延长，P均＜0.05。结论：油漆作业对油漆工神经行为功能的影响可能存在一定的剂量反应关系。     

Synergistic effects of Nell-1 and BMP-2 on the osteogenic differentiation of myoblasts.

Osteogenesis is synergistically enhanced by the combined effect of complimentary factors. This study showed that Nell-1 and BMP-2 synergistically enhanced osteogenic differentiation of myoblasts and phosphorylated the JNK MAPK pathway. The findings are important because of the osteochondral specificity of Nell-1 signaling and the potential therapeutic effects of coordinated BMP-2 and Nell-1 delivery. INTRODUCTION: BMPs play an important role in the migration and proliferation of mesenchymal cells and have a unique ability to alter the differentiation of mesenchymal cells toward chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. Signaling upstream of Cbfa1/Runx2, BMPs effects are not limited to cells of the osteoblast lineage. Thus, additional osteoblast-specific factors that could synergize with BMP-2 would be advantageous for bone regeneration procedures. NELL-1 (NEL-like molecule-1; NEL [a protein strongly expressed in neural tissue encoding epidermal growth factor like domain]) is a novel growth factor believed to preferentially target cells committed to the osteochondral lineage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C2C12 myoblasts were transduced with AdLacZ, AdNell-1, AdBMP-2, or AdNell-1+AdBMP-2 overexpression viruses. Effects were studied by cell morphology, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin production, and MAPK signaling. Additionally, in a nude mouse model, viruses were injected into leg muscles, and new bone formation was examined after 2 and 8 wk. RESULTS: C2C12 myoblasts co-transduced with AdNell-1+AdBMP-2 showed a synergistic effect on osteogenic differentiation as detected by alkaline phosphatase activity and osteopontin production. Nell-1 stimulation on AdNell-1 + AdBMP-2 preconditioned C2C12 cells revealed significant activation of the non-BMP-2 associated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK signaling pathway, but not the p38 or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) MAPK pathways. Importantly Nell-1 alone did not induce osteogenic differentiation of myoblasts. In a nude mouse model, injection of AdNell-1 alone stimulated no bone formation within muscle; however, injection of AdNell-1+AdBMP-2 stimulated a synergistic increase in bone formation compared with AdBMP-2 alone. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important because of the confirmed osteochondral specificity of Nell-1 signaling and the potential therapeutic effects of enhanced BMP-2 action with coordinated Nell-1 delivery.     

黄芪注射液对儿童肾病综合征尿蛋白与血浆蛋白的影响

目的 :观察黄芪注射液对儿童肾病综合征尿蛋白与血浆蛋白的影响。方法 :将我科 1996年 10月～2 0 0 2年 10月收治的小儿肾病综合征 30例 ,随机分为 2组。治疗组 17例 ,采用强的松加黄芪注射液治疗 ;对照组 13例仅给强的松治疗。结果 :治疗 1个月后 ,治疗组临床症状及血液生化指标等明显优于对照组 ,2 4h尿蛋白降低与血浆白蛋白升高与对照组比较 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :黄芪注射液对儿童肾病综合征有明显疗效 ,尤其在减轻蛋白尿 ,提高血浆蛋白方面 ,值得临床应用     

Recapitulation of fast skeletal muscle development in zebrafish by transgenic expression of GFP under the mylz2 promoter.

A 1,934-bp muscle-specific promoter from the zebrafish mylz2 gene was isolated and characterized by transgenic analysis. By using a series of 5' promoter deletions linked to the green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene, transient transgenic analysis indicated that the strength of promoter activity appeared to correlate to the number of muscle cis-elements in the promoter and that a minimal -77-bp region was sufficient for a relatively strong promoter activity in muscle cells. Stable transgenic lines were obtained from several mylz2-gfp constructs. GFP expression in the 1,934-bp promoter transgenic lines mimicked well the expression pattern of endogenous mylz2 mRNA in both somitic muscle and nonsomitic muscles, including fin, eye, jaw, and gill muscles. An identical pattern of GFP expression, although at a much lower level, was observed from a transgenic line with a shorter 871-bp promoter. Our observation indicates that there is no distinct cis-element for activation of mylz2 in different skeletal muscles. Furthermore, RNA encoding a dominant negative form of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A was injected into mylz2-gfp transgenic embryos and GFP expression was significantly reduced due to an expanded slow muscle development at the expense of GFP-expressing fast muscle. The mylz2-gfp transgene was also transferred into two zebrafish mutants, spadetail and chordino, and several novel phenotypes in muscle development in these mutants were discovered.     

显微锁孔手术治疗脑干及其周围病变

目的 将显微锁孔手术应用于脑干及其周围病变的外科治疗，探求以最小的创伤来取得最佳的手术疗效。方法 采用颞下锁孔人路、乳突后锁孔人路、枕下正中锁孔人路，以20mm左右直径的骨窗进行脑干及其周围病变的显微手术治疗。结果 本组16例例病人术后3d内均行MRI或DSA检查，肿瘤或动静脉畸形全切除11例，次全切除3例，部分切除1例，1例小脑后下动脉瘤成功夹闭。术中输血3例。并发脑脊液耳漏1例，硬膜下积液1例，1例术后持续昏迷40d苏醒，无死亡及感染病例。结论 锁孔人路微创技术处理脑干及其周围病变，因其手术创伤小，疗效佳，费用节省，值得临床推广应用。     

豚鼠内耳前庭感觉毛细胞的分离

用机械分离法从豚鼠前庭感觉上皮中分离出不同种类的前庭感觉毛细胞（ＶＨＣ）。ＶＨＣ主要可分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型细胞。两种细胞形态虽有所差异，但一般均有四形或瓶形胞体，胞核位于细胞基部，胞颈和纤毛变化较大。细胞的活性可通过１％中性红染色鉴定，发现在室温下，１ｈ内大约９０％以上的分离ＶＨＣ可维持其正常形态和活性。并参照对外毛细胞形态的研究提出活性ＶＨＣ的鉴别标准。此项工作为进一步研究ＶＨＣ的感觉机制和某些疾病的发生机理打下了基础。     

巴金森氏病智力损害与年龄、病程、运动障碍的关系

巴金森氏病病人的年龄、起病年龄、病程、运动障碍的严重程度与其智力损害的关系至今仍存有争议。为此用定量的临床评定方法、标准化的韦氏成人智力测验对31名连续收选的特发性巴金森氏病进行了研究。结果发现缓动的严重程度与智力损害明显相关,而震颤严重程度与智力损害呈反相关。病人的年龄、起病年龄、病程及强直的程度与智力损害无明显相关。这些结果提示引起缓动的皮层下脑损害同样可能引起智力损害,而有明显震颤的巴金森氏病可能属于该病的早期或属于智力损害较轻的一种巴金森氏病亚型。     

去甲肾上腺素缩血管作用对犬冠状血管舒张的限制

在10只麻醉开胸犬的左前降支冠状动脉(LAD)恒流灌注,持续监测灌注压,并于冠脉内注入2.5mg心得宁以阻断心脏的β_1-肾上腺素能受体,观察去甲肾上腺素(NE,α-肾上腺素能刺激)对LAD内给予腺苷所致冠状血管舒张的限制作用。随着LAD内注入的腺苷量增加,冠状动脉阻力(R)咸剂量依赖性降低,分别为对照值的8.7％(2μg/min),20.6％(10μg/min)和28％(50μg/min)。而于LAD内再给予相同齐0量(6μg)的NE,则使不同剂量扩张的冠脉收缩,R成阶梯状增加,分别为对照值的17.4％(腺苷2μg/ml),23.2％(腺苷10μg/min)和34.1％(腺苷50μg/min),表现为隙苷引起的冠状血管扩张愈大,NE能刺激引起的缩血管作用愈强。这表明α-肾上腺素能缩血管作用可限制腺苷引起的冠状血管舒张,因而有助于保持冠状血管张力及其储备力。     

高压氧治疗尺桡神经损伤疗效观察

应用高压氧治疗尺桡神经损伤修复术后１１例，与同期单纯手术修复１４例相比，优良率明显提高，二组间有显著差异。Ｐ＜０．０５，提示高压氧对尺桡神经损伤的修复有促进作用