长期高盐所致高血压大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞大电导钙激活钾通道电流的变化

目的观察高盐饮食后大鼠血压水平及主动脉血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)大电导钙激活钾通道(BKCa)电流的变化。方法 3周龄雄性Wister大鼠随机分为2组:对照组和模型组,每组24只大鼠;对照组予以正常(含0.5%Na Cl)饮食,模型组予以高盐(含4%Na Cl)饮食。采用尾动脉测压法测量大鼠血压,全细胞膜片钳技术记录大鼠主动脉VSMC膜BKCa电流。结果模型组从第8周开始血压明显升高,随着高盐饮食时间延长,血压逐渐增加;在第10、12、14、16周时血压较对照组均显著升高(P0.01)。模型组大鼠主动脉VSMC膜BKCa电流和电流密度随高盐饮食时间延长而显著增大;在第8、12、16周时,BKCa峰电流密度较对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论高盐饮食可导致大鼠血压升高;大鼠BKCa电流密度随着高盐饮食所致血压的升高而逐渐增加。     

不同产地蚕蛹的营养成分研究

目的研究不同产地蚕蛹的油脂、总氮含量及水解后的氨基酸的高低来确定不同蚕蛹质量的优劣。方法对不同产地蚕蛹的总氮、氨基酸含量的分析广东蚕蛹水解氨基酸得率最高,总氮含量最高,湖北蚕蛹得率最低,总氮含量最低。结论浙江海宁、广东产的蚕蛹质较优,最适合用来生产复合氨基酸。浙江湖州产的蚕蛹次之,湖北产的较差。     

Phosphorylated p38, a negative prognostic biomarker,complements TNM staging prognostication in colorectal cancer

Phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) played a pivotal role in the regulation of disease progression and correlated with tumor prognosis. Here, we characterized the prognostic effect of p-p38 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Three hundred and sixteen CRC patients in stages I–III were recruited in this study. P-p38 expression was semi-quantitatively evaluated using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry staining. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local failure-free survival (LFFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of patient subgroups, segregated by p-p38 expression level and clinical stage, were compared using Kaplan–Meier analysis. We found that p-p38 was overexpressed in 48.1 % (152/316) CRC tissues, whereas low or deficiently expressed in normal adjacent epithelia. Overexpression of p-p38 predicted poor OS (P?P?=?0.002), LFFS (P?=?0.016), and DMFS (P?=?0.025) in CRC. Importantly, patient subgroups in the early stage (stages I?+?II) and with low p-p38 had similar OS, PFS, LFFS, and DMFS probabilities to that of stage I, whereas those with high p-p38 were similar to stage III disease. In addition, for stage III disease, the subgroup with low p-p38 had a similar survival probability to that of stage I, whereas the subgroup with high p-p38 had the worst survival. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed that p-p38 was indeed a significantly independent factor for death, recurrence, and distant metastases in CRC. Our results demonstrated that p-p38 was a negative independent prognostic factor for CRC. Complementing TNM staging with p-p38 might refine the risk definition more accurately for a subset of patients.     

Lead toxicity in Brassica pekinensis Rupr.: effect on nitrate assimilation and growth

Lead is a major heavy-metal contaminant in the environment that has various anthropogenic and natural sources. To study the phytotoxic effects of Pb on the popular vegetable Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.) via depression of nitrogen assimilation, pot culture experiments with three concentrations of treatment with Pb (0, 4, and 8 mmol/kg dry soil) were carried out. Our results demonstrated adverse effects of Pb on nitrogen assimilation and plant growth. The addition of Pb in the soil resulted in elevated accumulation of Pb in the shoots of the plants: Pb concentrations of 14.3, 202.3, and 418.2 mg/kg (DW) in the shoots were detected with the 0, 4, and 8 mmol/kg treatments, respectively. Compared to the control, Pb exposure (4 and 8 mmol/kg) significantly decreased shoot nitrate content (71% and 80% of the control), nitrate reductase activity (104% and 49% of the control), and free amino acid content (81% and 82% of the control), indicating decreased nitrogen assimilation in the plants. The effect of Pb also was shown by the progressive decline in shoot biomass with increasing Pb concentration in plant shoots and in the soil. However, at the treatment levels used in this study, lead did not induce visible toxic symptoms. The lowest-concentration Pb treatment (4 mmol/kg) stimulated chlorophyll b content but did not influence chlorophyll a content. The results suggested that the toxicity of Pb to the plants occurred at least partly via depression of nitrogen assimilation.     

180例老年糖耐量异常患者心理健康状况调查

糖耐量异常（IGT）是指空腹血糖正常，餐后血糖升高但达不到糖尿病的诊断标准。本文报道了老年糖耐量异常患者的心理状况。     

Dietary Factors and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

To better understand the relationship between dietary factors and thyroid cancer risk, we summarized the published evidence on relationship between dietary factors and thyroid cancer incidence. Searching several databases for relevant studies published by March 2014 included a total of 19 studies. We calculated summary odds ratios (ORs) for each risk factor. Based on the highest level of total consumption vs. the lowest level, the summary OR [95% (confidence interval) CI] of thyroid cancer was 0.79 (0.66, 0.94) for fish; 0.95 (0.74, 1.23) for salt water fish; 0.86 (0.63, 1.16) for fresh water fish; 0.76 (0.58, 1.00) for vegetables; 0.88 (0.72, 1.08) for shellfish; 0.93 (0.66, 1.29) for cruciferous vegetables; 0.97 (0.78, 1.21) for fruits; 0.96 (0.70, 1.34) for meat; and 1.11 (0.86, 1.42) for grains. Subgroup analysis showed that fish (OR 0.74, 95%CI: 0.59, 0.92) and shellfish (OR 0.46, 95%CI: 0.27, 0.75) consumption have a protective effect in iodine deficiency areas, whereas the ORs were not statistically significant in iodine-rich areas. Our findings indicated that fish and shellfish consumption may decrease the risk of thyroid cancer in iodine deficiency areas, although no such effect was observed in iodine-rich areas.     

Effect of Cu stress on the invertase activity and root growth in two populations of Rumex dentatus L. with different Cu tolerance

There has been no study on key enzymes in sucrose cleavage in metallophyte plants so far, which may be crucial for the plants' root growth and heavy metal tolerance maintenance. Acid invertases are rate-limiting enzymes in sucrose metabolism. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the roots of copper-tolerant plants should manifest a higher activity of acid invertases than nontolerant plants both for supporting growth and for their maintaining tolerance under Cu stress. Two populations of Rumex dentatus L., one from an ancient waste heap at a Cu mine (Cu-tolerant population), and the other from a noncontaminated site (Cu nontolerant population), were used in the experiments. The seedlings of Rumex dentatus L. were exposed to 0, 10, and 40 microM CuCl(2) for 14 days. Cu exposure had a stronger inhibition on root growth and thus resulted in a lower root/shoot ratio in the plants of nontolerant population compared with the Cu-tolerant population. Cu exposure showed a stronger inhibition of acid invertase activity of Cu nontolerant plants than Cu tolerant plants, whereas neutral/alkaline invertase was insensitive to Cu. A positive correlation between the activity of acid invertases and the root growth and root/shoot ratio was observed. The results suggested that the higher activities in acid invertases of Cu-tolerant population might at least partly associate with the plants' Cu tolerance, and their higher activities in acid invertases in turn played an role in maintenance of the Cu tolerance by supplying carbon and energy for tolerance mechanisms.     

A 3-year clinical evaluation of endodontically treated posterior teeth restored with two different materials using the CEREC AC chair-side system

Statement of problem

The introduction of polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) materials may provide more options for dentists in restoring short clinical crowns and extensively damaged posterior teeth, but clinical data for their performance are lacking.

癌胚抗原和环氧化酶2的表达与结直肠癌的关系

背景与目的：已有研究表明,癌胚抗原参与了细胞间的粘附;环氧化酶2可能参与了结直肠癌的发生过程。本研究拟探讨癌胚抗原及环氧化酶2在结直肠癌发生、发展中的意义。方法：应用免疫组化技术（SP法）检测34例结直肠癌组织、癌旁组织、正常粘膜及其中19例转移淋巴结标本中癌胚抗原及环氧化酶2的表达。结果：癌胚抗原在结直肠癌中的表达水平与癌组织细胞分化程度的相关性有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;而与淋巴结转移、Dukes‘分期、发病年龄、性别及肿块部位的相关性无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。环氧化酶2在大部分癌组织（31／34）和全部转移淋巴结中表达明显升高,但与肿瘤细胞的分化、分期、部位和患者的性别及年龄的相关性无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。此外,癌胚抗原和环氧化酶2在癌组织中的表达和在正常肠粘膜中的表达差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。结论：癌胚抗原和环氧化酶2的异常表达可能是结直肠癌发生、发展过程中的一个重要环节。     

Effects of the novel vascular targeting agent MDS-11P on tumor vascularity and its antitumor activity

Vascular disrupting agents show selective effects on tumor established vasculature, and achieve encouraging results in both pre-clinical and clinical experiments. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a new CA4 derivative MDS-11 and its prodrug MDS-11P on vascular disrupting activity in vitro and in vivo. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and tubulin polymerization assay showed that MDS-11 interacted with tubulin directly and inhibited tubulin polymerization in a cell free system, and western blot assay further confirmed the action in the cellular level. MDS-11 was found to significantly disrupt the microtubulin skeleton in proliferating HUVECs than quiescent ones determined by confocal microscopy. Furthermore, MDS-11 was found to damage the HUVEC-formed tube quickly, but did not influence structures of microvessels from aortic ring possessing pericytes and smooth muscle cells until 3 h treatment. In A549 xenograft mice, immunohistochemistry staining of tumor sections revealed that a single dose of MDS-11P led to large areas of necrosis within tumor and reduced the number of tumor vessels, which was consolidated by perfused vascular volume assay. Pharmacokinetic studies of MDS-11P indicated that MDS-11P rapidly converted to the active form, MDS-11, and exhibited a much faster elimination in mice. The antitumor analysis using H22 and A549 mice xenograft models revealed that the growth inhibition rates of MDS-11P at 50 mg/kg (twice a day for three weeks) reached 59.4%, 60.5% respectively without obvious weight loss. Taken together, these results suggest that MDS-11 is a potential vascular disrupting agent for further development of antitumor drug.