Hemosorption in the treatment of aspirin-induced bronchial asthma

Oral aspirin test was performed in 50 asthma patients. Of them 18 patients exhibited idiosyncrasy to the drug. All the patients were subjected to hemosorption. Subsequently, 16 patients achieved remission. The hemosorption resulted in reduction of tracheobronchial hypersensitivity, especially to PGE2 alpha. Phagocytosis and T-cell immunity returned to normal. Sixteen patients underwent aspirin desensitization which had a more potent action on the function of beta-adrenergic receptors of the smooth muscles of the bronchi. Complete desensitization in 3 patients was recorded only after 1-3 hemosorption sessions.     

Influence of active immunization of rats with conjugated serotonin-protein antigen on the content of biogenic amines in the brain and on behavioral responses

The influence of induction of antibodies to the neuromediator serotonin in the case of active immunization of animals with a conjugate serotonin-protein antigen on the distribution of biogenic amines in the brain and on behavioral responses was investigated in experiments on rats. It was shown that active immunization of rats with a serotonin-protein conjugate leads to a decrease in serotonin, its metabolite 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, as well as dopamine in certain brain structures. Against a background of induction of antibodies to serotonin, the horizontal motor activity of the animals is decreased.Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal SSSR imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 74, No. 10, pp. 1367–1372, October, 1988.     

Dynamics of dopamine and norepinephrine contents in the dorsal hippocampus of rats during immunization with dopamine conjugate

The dynamics of dopamine and norepinephrine contents in the dorsal hippocampus of rats immunized with a dopamine-BSA conjugate was studied during immobilization stress by mean of the microdialysis technique. Immunization with dopamine conjugate was accompanied by intensive production of antibodies against dopamine in rat blood and a tendency toward an increase in dopamine content in the dorsal hippocampus even in the basal state (before stress exposure). Under stress conditions, dopamine content in the dorsal hippocampus of immunized rats significantly increased. In control rats, stress was accompanied by a significant increase in norepinephrine content in the dorsal hippocampus. The observed peculiarities in dopamine and norepinephrine contents in the dorsal hippocampus of rats immunized with a dopamine conjugate were typical of active animals more resistant to emotional stress. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 143, No. 4, pp. 374–377, April, 2007     

Reperfusion injury after critical intestinal ischemia and its correction with perfluorochemical emulsion ＂perftoran＂

AIM: To investigate the anti-ischemic properties of perfluorochemical emulsion "perftoran" in mesenteric region. METHODS: Experiments were conducted on 146 nonlinear white male rats weighing 200-350 g. Partial critical intestinal ischemia was induced by thorough atraumatic strangulation of 5-6 cm jejunal loop with its mesentery for 90 min. Global critical intestinal ischemia was made by atraumatic occlusion of the cranial mesenteric artery (CMA) for 90 min also. Perftoran (PF, 0.8-1.0 mL per 100 g) in experimental groups or 0.9% sodium chloride in control groups was injected at 75 min of ischemic period. Mean systemic arterial blood pressure (BPM) registration, intravital microscopy and morphological examination of ischemic intestine and its mesentery were performed in both groups. RESULTS: During 90 min of reperfusion, BPM progressively decreased to 27.3±7.4% after PF administration vs 38.6±8.0% in the control group of rats with partial intestinal ischemia (NS) and to 50.3±6.9% vs 53.1±5.8% in rats after global ischemia (NS). During the reperfusion period, full restoration of microcirculation was never registered; parts with restored blood flow had leukocyte and erythrocyte stasis and intra-vascular clotting, a typical "non-reflow" phenomenon. The reduction of mesenteric 50-400 μm feeding artery diameter was significantly less in the PF group than in the control group (24±5.5% vs 45.2±3.6%, P<0.05) 5 min after partial intestinal ischemia. This decrease progressed but differences between groups minimized at the 90th min of reperfusion (41.5±4.2% and 50.3±2.8%, respectively). In reperfusion of rat's intestine, a significant mucosal alteration was registered. Villous height decreased 2.5-3 times and the quantity of crypts decreased more than twice. In the group of rats administered PF, intestinal mucosal layer was protected from irreversible post-ischemic derangement during reperfusion. Saved cryptal epithelial cells were the source of regeneration of the epithelium, which began to cover renewing intestinal villi after 24 h of blood flow restoration. View of morphological alterations was more heterogeneous in CMA groups. CONCLUSION: Systemic administration of perftoran promotes earlier and more complete structural regeneration during reperfusion in rats after partial and global critical intestinal ischemia.     

A Step towards Concrete with Partial Substitution of Waste Glass (WG) in Concrete: A Review

The annual worldwide production rate of waste glass is a million tons; the waste glass is non-biodegradable, resulting in environmental pollution. However, the chemical composition of waste glass (WG) is promoted to be used as a partial substitution of binding or filler (aggregate) material in concrete production. Although significant research has been conducted in this area, the results of these studies are scattered, and it is difficult to judge the suitability of waste glass in concrete. This review looks at the effects of waste glass on concrete’s fresh, mechanical, and durability properties. It concludes that waste glass decreased the flowability of concrete. Furthermore, waste glass can be used as pozzolanic material, creating secondary cementitious compound (CSH) gel. CSH gel increased the cement paste’s binding properties, leading to increased mechanical performance. Moreover, this study reveals that the optimum dose of waste glass is important to minimize the possibility of an alkali–silica reactions. Based on this review, most researchers conclude that 20% substitution of waste glass as binding material is the optimum dose. The wide range of discussion provides the necessary guideline for the best research practice in the future.