气管与主支气管肿瘤的影像诊断（附32例报告）

作者对３２例经病理证实的气管与主支气管良、恶性肿瘤的影像学表现进行分析，归纳为３型：腔内型、壁增厚型和腔内外型。后２种类型提示恶性，而无蒂的腔内型表现者不能鉴别良，恶性。作者还评价了常规体层、ＣＴ及ＭＲＩ诊断气管与主支气管肿瘤的优、缺点，讨论了影像诊断的作用。     

老年人晚期非小细胞肺癌三维立体适形放射治疗

目的 探讨老年人非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)三维立体适形放射治疗(3D-CRT)的临床特点和疗效.方法 对108例由于内科禁忌证或其他情况不能手术的老年人晚期NSCLC施行3D-CRT,单次剂量5～8Gy,隔日1次,总剂量68～82Gy.结果 108例全部完成放射治疗计划,1、2、3年的平均生存率分别为65%、33%、28%.结论 对于有内科禁忌证或由于其他情况不能手术的老年人晚期NSCLC施行3D-CRT是一种比较有效的治疗手段,有助于提高生存率,改善生存质量,减少并发症的发生.     

36例老年非小细胞肺癌患者三维适形放疗的疗效观察

目的 观察三维放射治疗(3D-CRT)治疗老年非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效和副反应.方法 2001年8月～2006年10月,应用3D-CRT技术治疗70岁以上非小细胞肺癌患者36例.以Leibinger三维放疗计划系统制订放疗计划,处方剂量为40～80Gy(中位剂量60Gy).其中采用低分割照射者24例,单次分割剂量5～8Gy,隔日照射,共8～12次照射;常规分割者12例,共30～40次照射.观察所有患者的肿瘤反应率,1、2年的生存率及治疗毒副作用.结果 33例患者治疗后临床症状获得改善,3例无变化.肿瘤获得完全缓解8例,部分缓解22例,肿瘤总反应率83.33%(30/36).全组生存时间为2～53个月,中位生存时间8个月,1年生存率66.67%,2年生存率36.11%.无严重并发症.结论 对于老年非小细胞肺癌患者,3D-CRT技术是一种安全有效的治疗手段,能够改善生存质量,提高生存率.     

三维立体适形放疗治疗恶性肿瘤的临床应用(附830例报告)

目的 探讨三维立体适形放疗(3D-CRT)治疗恶性肿瘤的临床应用价值.方法 1999年7月～2006年10月采用德国Leibinger三维立体适形放射治疗设备、美国Varian 600C/D 6MeV X线直线加速器 多叶光栅对830例恶性肿瘤病人进行非共面多野三维立体适形放疗,单次剂量4～8Gy,隔日1次,总照射剂量50～82Gy.对治疗结果进行回顾性分析.结果 CT显示完全缓解(CR)率20.7%(172/830),部分缓解(PR)率68.7%(570/830),无变化(NC)率10.2%(85/830),进展(PD)率0.3%(3/830),总有效率(CR PR)89.4%(742/830),无严重并发症.结论 对于有内科禁忌证或由于其他情况不能手术的恶性肿瘤病人,3D-CRT是一种比较有效的治疗手段,可以提高肿瘤的治疗剂量,降低周围正常组织的损伤,有助于提高生存率,改善生存质量,减少并发症.     

脂糖舒对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠生化指标的影响

目的 :探讨脂糖舒抗Ⅱ型糖尿病的作用。方法 :采用链脲佐菌素制作Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠模型 ,分别用生理盐水、二甲双胍、格列齐特和不同剂量的脂糖舒灌胃9周(每日1次) ,并取健康大鼠作正常对照 ,测定各组大鼠空腹血浆中胰岛素(Ins)、葡萄糖(Glu)、甘油三酯(TG)、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL_C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL_C)含量 ,以及测定肝糖原含量 ,计算体重指数(BMI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)。结果 :二甲双胍、格列齐特和两实验剂量的脂糖舒均显著降低模型大鼠的BMI、IRI以及血浆中Ins,Glu ,TG ,NEFA ,TC和LDL_C含量 ,并升高ISI及HDL_C和肝糖原含量。其中 ,高剂量(2g/kg)脂糖舒降低糖尿病模型大鼠BMI,IRI及血浆Ins,Glu,TG ,NEFA和LDL_C及升高肝糖原含量的作用优于格列齐特(P<0.05～0.01) ,降低NEFA和升高肝糖原含量的作用优于二甲双胍(P<0.01) ,对其余生化指标的影响分别与格列齐特和二甲双胍作用相当(P>0.05)。脂糖舒大、小剂量组间降低IRI和升高ISI作用呈量效正相关。结论 :脂糖舒对Ⅱ型糖尿病有明显的疗效     

Prostaglandin E Receptor Subtypes EP2 and EP4 Promote TH1 Cell Differentiation and TH17 Cell Expansion Through Different Signaling Modules

It is well known that prostaglandin (PG) E₂ exerts T cell suppression in vitro through elevating cAMP by its receptors, EP2 and EP4. However, such an action is rarely detected in vivo, leaving PGE₂-mediated immunosuppression an enigma. Here we show that under strong TCR stimulation, PGE₂ facilitates T helper-1 (T_H-1) differentiation through activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) by EP2 and EP4. The PGE₂-EP4 signaling is also required for IL-23 production by activated dendritic cells (DCs), and the PGE2-EP2/EP4 signaling amplifies IL-23-mediated T_H-17 cell expansion. Administration of an EP4-selective antagonist in vivo to mice subjected to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) decreases accumulation of both T_H-1 and T_H-17 cells in regional lymph nodes, and suppresses the disease progression. These results suggest PGE₂ promotes immune inflammation through T_H-1 differentiation and T_H-17 expansion and the EP4 antagonism is therapeutically useful for various immune diseases.

     

蒙脱石散剂治疗婴幼儿腹泻的临床研究

目的:评价蒙脱石散剂治疗婴幼儿腹泻的疗效并探讨其作用机制。方法:婴幼儿腹泻60例,随机分为2组各30例,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用蒙脱石散剂治疗,对照组在常规治疗时加用止泻剂(鞣酸蛋白,次碳酸铋等)治疗;两组均行血常规,粪常规,粪培养检查。结果:治疗组与对照组总有效率差异无统计学意义,整个治疗组与对照组治疗前后相比粪常规和粪培养值差异均有统计学意义。结论:蒙脱石散剂治疗婴幼儿腹泻有较好的疗效,能吸附病原体和毒素,维持肠细胞的吸收和分泌功能,并且可增强其肠道屏障功能,阻止病原微生物的攻击作用,有利于控制腹泻。     

Dual roles of PGE2-EP4 signaling in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although prostaglandin (PG) concentrations are increased in cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients, the role of PGs in MS is unknown. We examined this issue by subjecting mice deficient in each PG receptor type or subtype to EAE induction and using agonists or antagonists selective for each of the four PGE receptor (EP) subtypes. Among PG receptor-deficient mice, only EP4^−/− mice manifested significant suppression of EAE, which was mimicked in wild-type mice and to a greater extent, in EP2^−/− mice by administration of the EP4 antagonist ONO-AE3-208 during the immunization phase. EP4 antagonism during immunization also suppressed the generation of antigen-specific T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells in wild-type mice and to a greater extent, in EP2^−/− mice. ONO-AE3-208 administration at EAE onset had little effect on disease severity, and its administration throughout the experimental period did not cause significant reduction of the peak of disease, suggesting that, in addition to its facilitative action during the immunization phase, EP4 exerts a preventive action in the elicitation phase. Administration of the EP4 agonist ONO-AE1-329 at EAE onset delayed and suppressed disease progression as well as inhibited the associated increase in permeability of the blood–brain barrier. Thus, PGE₂ exerts dual functions in EAE, facilitating Th1 and Th17 cell generation redundantly through EP4 and EP2 during immunization and attenuating invasion of these cells into the brain by protecting the blood–brain barrier through EP4.     

Bibliometric and altmetric analysis of research relating to antiphospholipid syndrome based on VOS viewer (2011–2021)

Clinical Rheumatology - Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent vascular thrombosis and pregnancy losses in the presence of persistently positive...