Endocrine therapy with or without radical prostatectomy for T1b-T3N0M0 prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: We retrospectively compared the 5-year survival rates of T1b-T3N0M0 prostate cancer patients treated either by endocrine therapy plus radical prostatectomy or endocrine therapy alone. METHODS: Clinical T1b-T3N0M0 prostate cancer patients were enrolled at 104 institutions in Japan. They were assigned to study 1 (n = 176), if they were indicated to prostatectomy, if not indicated, they were assigned to study 2 (n = 151). The indication of prostatectomy was based on the clinical judgement of physicians and/or patients. Those assigned to study 1 underwent prostatectomy and adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without preoperative androgen deprivation. Those assigned to study 2 were treated with leuprorelin acetate with or without chlormadinone acetate. They were followed-up every 3 months until death or for 5 years and over. RESULTS: Those assigned to study 1 were younger (mean age 67.2 vs 75.7 years), less advanced in clinical stage, and had lower prostate specific antigen levels (mean 43.8 vs 103.6 ng/mL). Death for any reason was observed less frequently in study 1 (n = 29, 16%) than study 2 (n = 50, 33%), and the 5-year overall survival rate was higher in study 1 (87 vs. 68%). However, prostate cancer deaths were comparatively seldom (9% in study 1 and 7% in study 2), resulting in the identical 5-year cause specific survival rate in both study groups (91%). In both study groups the overall survival was almost equal to the natural survival of age-matched men. CONCLUSIONS: Endocrine therapy offers a reasonable survival rate in T1b-T3 prostate cancer patients within a 5-year follow-up. Observation will be extended to determine 10-year outcomes.     

Abnormal cardiac histology in severe intrauterine growth retardation infants

Four infants with severe intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) weighing less than 1000 g at birth developed heart failure and died in our unit, where heart failure of IUGR infants is the main reason of death in extremely low birth-weight infants. The causes of their heart failure are one of the main themes in current neonatal medicine. The subjects of this study were four small for gestational age infants; all died due to heart failure 5 to 10 days after birth. Microscopic specimens of hearts from autopsies were evaluated with respect to the following characteristics: thickness of myocardial fibers, maturation of nuclei, presence of dysgenesis or necrosis in myocardium, and amount of glycogen in the heart. Neither dysgenesis nor infarction of the heart was found but hypoplasia in myocardial fibers and decreased glycogen levels were observed. Maturation delay in myocytes' nuclei did not appear to be severe. We conclude that these infants' hearts failed to adapt to postnatal hemodynamic changes because of inadequate myocardial function and inadequate glycogen reserves.     

The Acute and Chronic Toxicities of Nivalenol in Mice

The Acute and Chronic Toxicities of Nivalenol in Mice. Ryu,J.-C, Ohtsubo, K., Izumiy-ama, N., Nakamura, JL, Tanaka, T.,Yamamura, H., and Ueno, Y. (1988). Fundam. Appl Toxicol. 11,38–47. In an attempt to ascertain precisely the toxiceffects of nivalenol (N1V), we conducted the determination ofLD50 values, and interim kills during the carcinogenic studyin mice. LD50 values (mg/kg) of NIV in 6-week-old male ddY micewere determined as 38.9 (po), 7.4 (ip), 7.2 (sc), and 7.3 (iv).Seven-week-old female C57BL/6CrSlc SPF mice were fed diets containing0, 6, 12, and 30 ppm (mg/kg) NIV over 1 year, and were assessedfor effects on body weight gain, feed efficiency, terminai organweights, hematology, and histopathology. The rates of body weightgain and feed efficiency showed a good dose-dependent correlationin all experimental periods. Gross and histopathological evaluationof the liver, thymus, spleen, kidneys, stomach, adrenal glands,pituitary gland, ovaries, sternum, bone marrow, lymph node,brain, and small intestines with or without Peyer's patch portionfrom control and all NIV-exposed mice revealed that these tissueswere normal in appearance and in histopathological structure.Also, no changes were observed in the ultrastructural studieson the bone marrow. Dietary NIV did, however, cause dose-dependentdecreases of absolute organ weights (mg) and increases of relativeorgan weights (mg/g body weight) in the terminal organ weightsrecorded. A significant leukopenia was observed in the 30 ppmgroup at 6 months and in all NIV-treated groups at 1 year. Nomarked changes were observed in the other hematological parameters.These results indicated that 6 ppm or more of dietary NIV for1 year showed a characteristic toxic effect of trichothecenemycotoxins in mice.     

微酸性电解水实验室微生物杀灭效果研究

 目的 研究某微酸性电解水实验室微生物杀灭效果。方法 选取某次氯酸水发生器现制微酸性电解水,测定不同有效氯含量、不同作用时间其对细菌繁殖体、芽孢以及真菌的杀灭效果。结果 该微酸性电解水有效氯含量为34.3~118 mg/L,有机干扰物牛血清白蛋白浓度为3.0%和0.3%时,分别作用1.0、3.0、5.0、10.0 min,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌的平均杀灭对数值均>5.00,对白假丝酵母菌的平均杀灭对数值均>4.00;有效氯含量为101~118 mg/L,牛血清白蛋白浓度为0.3%时,分别作用5.0、10.0、30.0 min,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的平均杀灭对数值均>5.00。结论 在特定实验条件下,该微酸性电解水对细菌的繁殖体、芽孢以及真菌均达到消毒剂消毒合格标准。     

肺癌细胞凋亡和PCNA p53关系的研究

目的　通过肺癌组织中凋亡细胞的原位观察和对核增殖抗原 (PCNA)、p53蛋白表达的研究 ,探讨不同类型肺癌、不同增殖情况、不同p53表达的细胞凋亡情况。方法　 97例术前未经任何治疗的肺癌。Sclc35例 ,Nsclc62例 ,分别进行凋亡细胞检测 (TUNEL法 )、PCNAp53蛋白的免疫组化染色。结果　不同类型肺癌、不同增殖能力肺癌细胞凋亡的程度有差异 ,p53阴性和阳性细胞凋亡无差异。结论　小细胞肺癌细胞凋亡数高于非小细胞肺癌 ,细胞增殖活跃自发凋亡也相应增多。     

2型糖尿病与心理障碍关系的分析

目的 了解2型糖尿病患者的情绪障碍及其影响因素。方法 对160例2型糖尿病患者及105例正常对照者进行了回顾性Znng氏自评抑郁、焦虑量表的调查。结果 结果显示糖尿病组抑郁症患病率为36．25％（58／160）,焦虑症患病率29．38％（47／160）;对照组分别为3．33％、1．33％（P值均＜0．001）。抑郁症与体重指数、血糖、TG及CH具有相关性（r分别等于0．62,0．59,0．44,0．46,P值均＜0．01）。焦虑症与体重指数、血糖及TC也具有相关性(r分别等于0．67,0．62,0．48,P值均＜0．01）。抑郁量表得分与病程有关（r＝0．65,P＜0．01）,病程越长抑郁的程度越重、发生率越高。结论 2型糖尿病患者抑郁症及焦虑症的患病率较高,且与糖尿病病程、肥胖、血糖及血糖水平相关。     

非感染性肺底积液的X线诊断分析

目的 :探讨肺底积液X线诊断的准确性。方法 :回顾性分析 42例非感染性肺底积液的X线征象。结果 :肺底积液的主要X线表现是假膈征、心淹征、双膈影征和变换体位液体弥散征象。结论 :熟悉肺底积液的X线诊断和鉴别诊断 ,对肿瘤患者胸膜转移的早期诊断、及时治疗有重要意义。     

顺行和逆行取栓对静脉瓣膜及血管壁的影响

目的：比较顺行取栓与逆行取栓在猪腋静脉急性血栓形成对于其瓣膜功能和静脉壁形态的影响。方法：分别结扎猪的腋静脉的近远端,于结扎段内注入凝血酶原,放置６ｈ使形成血栓。随机分配为顺行取栓和逆行取栓组,对血栓段进行取栓。取栓后２４ｈ行取栓静脉插管逆行造影以评估瓣膜功能;切取此段静脉作ＣＤ８＾＋细胞免疫组化和苏木精－伊红（ＨＥ）染色以对比血管内膜及平滑肌的损伤程度。结果：逆行与顺行取栓在所有的例数中都成功地     

梅毒螺旋体宫内感染的研究进展

梅毒作为一种性传播疾病，可通过性接触方式传播，也可通过胎盘经血液垂直传播而导致不良的妊娠结局，虽然各国之间梅毒流行的情况差别很大，但它依旧是十分重要的社会和医学问题。近年来，大多数欧洲国家梅毒发病率显著下降，已小于2／10万，但发展中国家及落后国家却显著上升，即使在美国，在特定的种族人群中梅毒的发病率依然很高。故研究孕期梅毒的诊断和治疗，对于保护高危梅毒孕妇的新生儿．     

抗滋养细胞膜抗原抗体水平与妊娠期高血压疾病的关系

目的：探讨抗滋养细胞膜抗原(TA)抗体水平与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)的关系。方法：应用酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)检测40例正常妇女和92例HDCP晚孕妇女［包括妊娠期高血压或轻度子痫前期23例，重度子痫前期41例，子痫28例；并发胎儿生长迟缓(FGR)21例］外周静脉血和新生儿脐血血清中抗TA IgG、IgM水平。结果： HDCP组、子痫组及重度子痫前期组母血中抗TAIgG、IgM阳性率均比正常组显著增加，且随HDCP 加重IgM阳性率显著增加(P<0.05)。 HDCP组、子痫组及重度子痫前期组脐血中抗TA IgG、IgM阳性率均比正常组显著增加，且HDCP组及子痫组IgM阳性率均比正常组显著增加(P<0.05) 。HDCP未并发FGR组脐血中IgM阳性率低于并发FGR组(P<0.05)。结论：HDCP患者母血及脐血中 抗TA IgG、IgM升高可能是妊娠期高血压疾病发生的主要原因。