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1.
Hysterosalpingography was performed in 31 patients by means of a low-dose scanning-beam digital radiographic system. The technique permits adequate evaluation of gynecologic abnormalities while allowing significant reduction in radiation: 2.4-mR (6.1 X 10(-7) C/kg) exposure to the skin and 0.7-mrad (7 X 10(-6) Gy) mean dose to the ovaries per image obtained. Sixteen patients demonstrated readily recognizable and documented abnormalities, corroborated by laparoscopy, laparotomy, or other supportive evidence. 相似文献
2.
Ohne ZusammenfassungHierzu Taf. XV–XVI. 相似文献
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Fady K. Balaa T. Clark Gamblin Allan Tsung J. Wallis Marsh David A. Geller 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2008,12(2):338-343
Background Application of linear stapling devices for extrahepatic vascular control in liver surgery has been well-established. However,
the technique for use of stapling devices in hepatic parenchymal transection is not well defined.
Purpose To describe the safety and efficacy of our technique for use of vascular stapling devices in hepatic parenchymal transection
during open right hepatic lobectomy is the purpose of this study.
Methodology We reviewed our experience with 101 consecutive open right hepatic lobectomies performed by a single surgeon between January
2003 and July 2006, in which vascular staplers were utilized for the parenchymal transection phase.
Results Of the 101 patients who underwent resection, 53 (52%) were female. The mean age was 58 years. Malignant disease was the indication
for resection in the majority of patients (88%). Of those with cancer, 78% (69 of 89) had metastatic colorectal cancer, 6%
(5 of 89) had metastatic neuroendocrine tumor, 4% (4 of 89) had hepatocellular carcinoma, 4% (4 of 89) had cholangiocarcinoma,
and the remaining 8% were other metastatic cancers. Twelve patients (12%) underwent resection for hepatic adenoma or symptomatic
benign disease (FNH or hemangioma). Forty-eight patients (48%) underwent a major ancillary procedure at the time of hepatic
resection. Thirty-nine patients (39%) had a nonanatomic wedge resection of a left lobe lesion, 27 patients (27%) had one or
more lesions treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and 6 patients (6%) were treated with a synchronous bowel resection.
The median total operative time was 336 min (range 155–620 min). A Pringle maneuver for temporary vascular inflow occlusion
was utilized in all cases, with a median time of 9 min (range 4–17 min). Ten patients (10%) required blood transfusion during
surgery or in the postoperative period. The maximum transfusion was 2 U of packed red blood cells (PRBC) in seven patients
and 1 U of PRBC in three patients. The mean nadir postoperative hematocrit was 28.2. All patients with malignant disease had
tumor-free margins at the completion of the procedure. The average hospital length of stay was 6.0 days. One patient (1%)
developed a clinically significant bile leak requiring a postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP). No patient
required reoperation. The 30 and 60-day postoperative survival was 100%.
Conclusion These findings indicate that application of vascular stapling devices for parenchymal transection in major hepatic resection
is a safe technique, with low transfusion requirements and minimal postoperative bile leak. The technique allows for rapid
transection of the entire right hepatic lobe in under 10 min. Short video clips of the technique will be demonstrated.
Presented at the 2007 American Hepato–Pancreato–Biliary Association, Las Vegas, Nevada, April 19–22, 2007 (oral presentation/video
presentation). 相似文献
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Werner E Bischoff Brian K Tucker Michelle L Wallis Beth A Reboussin Michael A Pfaller Frederick G Hayden Robert J Sherertz 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2007,28(10):1148-1154
OBJECTIVE: Transmission of Staphylococcus aureus via air may play an important role in healthcare settings. This study investigates the impact of barrier precautions on the spread of airborne S. aureus by volunteers with experimentally induced rhinovirus infection (ie, the common cold). DESIGN: Prospective nonrandomized study. SETTING: Wake Forest University School of Medicine (Winston-Salem, NC).Participants. A convenience sample of 10 individuals with nasal S. aureus carriage selected from 593 students screened for carriage. INTERVENTION: Airborne S. aureus dispersal was studied in the 10 participants under the following clothing conditions: street clothes, surgical scrubs, surgical scrubs and a gown, and the latter plus a face mask. After a 4-day baseline period, volunteers were exposed to a rhinovirus, and their clinical course was followed for 12 days. Daily swabs of nasal specimens, pharynx specimens, and skin specimens were obtained for quantitative culture, and cold symptoms were documented. Data were analyzed by random-effects negative binomial models. RESULTS: All participants developed a common cold. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) indicated that, compared with airborne levels of S. aureus during sessions in which street clothes were worn, airborne levels decreased by 75% when surgical scrubs were worn (P<.001), by 80% when scrubs and a surgical gown were worn (P<.001), and by 82% when scrubs, a gown, and a face mask were worn (P<.001). The addition of a mask to the surgical scrubs and gown did not reduce the airborne dispersal significantly (IRR, 0.92; P>.05). Male volunteers shed twice as much S. aureus as females (incidence rate ratio, 2.04; P=.013). The cold did not alter the efficacy of the barrier precautions. CONCLUSIONS: Scrubs reduced the spread of airborne S. aureus, independent of the presence of a rhinovirus-induced cold. Airborne dispersal of S. aureus during sessions in which participants wore surgical scrubs was not significantly different from that during sessions in which gowns and gowns plus masks were also worn. 相似文献
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Noninvasive metabolic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging reflecting glucose metabolism in the aldose-reductase-sorbitol (ARS) pathway was performed in the rabbit head; after administration of the fluorinated glucose analogue 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-glucose (3FD-glucose), fluorine-19 images were generated. Images of 3FD-glucose showed significant 3FD-glucose uptake by adipose tissue, indicating its buffering effects in case of excess loads of glucose. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-sorbitol (3FD-sorbitol) demonstrated the spatial distribution of aldose reductase activities and significant sorbitol accumulation in the lens. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-fructose (3FD-fructose) showed preferential uptake of fructose by muscle tissue. The extremely low toxicity of 3FD-glucose indicates promise for its clinical application in metabolic imaging. 相似文献
10.
Macrophages, mycobacteria and HIV: the role of cytokines in determining mycobacterial virulence and regulating viral replication. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The marriage of two scourges, one old (mycobacterial disease) and one new (HIV), has presented an enormous challenge to the medical and public health communities, and has stirred renewed interest in mechanisms for immune control of mycobacterial infection. Virulence of both M. avium and M. tuberculosis appears to be inversely related to the capacity of the microorganisms to induce production of protective cytokines in infected hosts. TNF alpha and IFN gamma are central to this process, and mycobacterial polysaccharides may be their main determinant. Despite these similarities, M. tuberculosis and M. avium cause illnesses at the polar extremes of HIV disease. Tuberculosis, occurring early in the course of HIV disease, may promote HIV replication in otherwise latently infected cells via induction of cytokines. As such, the potential exists for accelerated progression to AIDS due to the mutual synergy of these pathogens. 相似文献